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  1. Revisiting the finance-inequality nexus in a panel of African countries
    Author: Meniago, Christelle; Asongu, Simplice
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    The study assesses the role of financial development on income inequality in a panel of 48 African countries for the period 1996 to 2014. Financial development is defined in terms of depth (money supply and liquid liabilities), efficiency (from... more

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    The study assesses the role of financial development on income inequality in a panel of 48 African countries for the period 1996 to 2014. Financial development is defined in terms of depth (money supply and liquid liabilities), efficiency (from banking and financial system perspectives), activity (at banking and financial system levels) and stability while, three indicators of inequality are used, namely, the: Gini coefficient, Atkinson index and Palma ratio. The empirical evidence is based on Generalised Method of Moments. When financial sector development indicators are used exclusively as strictly exogenous variables in the identification process, it is broadly established that with the exception of financial stability, access to credit (or financial activity) and intermediation efficiency have favourable income redistributive effects. The findings are robust to the: control for unobserved heterogeneity in terms of time effects and inclusion of time invariant variables as strictly exogenous variables in the identification process. The findings are also robust to the Kuznets hypothesis: a humped shaped nexus between increasing GDP per capita and inequality. Policy implications are discussed.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191337
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 014
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten)
  2. Testing the quiet life hypothesis in the African banking industry
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Odhiambo, Nicholas M.
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    The Quiet Life Hypothesis (QLH) is the pursuit of less efficiency by firms. In this study, we assess if powerful banks in the African banking industry are increasing financial access. The QLH is therefore consistent with the pursuit of financial... more

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    The Quiet Life Hypothesis (QLH) is the pursuit of less efficiency by firms. In this study, we assess if powerful banks in the African banking industry are increasing financial access. The QLH is therefore consistent with the pursuit of financial intermediation inefficiency by large banks. To investigate the hypothesis, we first estimate the Lerner index. Then, using Two Stage Least Squares, we assess the effect of the Lerner index on financial access proxied by loan price and loan quantity. The empirical evidence is based on a panel of 162 banks from 42 African countries for the period 2001-2011. The findings support the QLH, although quiet life is driven by the below-median Lerner index sub-sample. Policy implications are discussed.

     
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    Language: English
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191338
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 015
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 20 Seiten)
  3. This one is 400 Libyan dinars, this one is 500
    insights from cognitive human capital and slave trade
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Kodila-Tedika, Oasis
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    One of the most disturbing contemporary episodes in human history that has been decried globally is the recent Libyan experience of slave trade, where migrants captured end-up being sold as slaves. We contribute to the understanding of this... more

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    One of the most disturbing contemporary episodes in human history that has been decried globally is the recent Libyan experience of slave trade, where migrants captured end-up being sold as slaves. We contribute to the understanding of this phenomenon by investigating the role of cognitive human capital in slave trade. To this end, we use the historic intelligence and slave trade variables respectively, as the independent and outcome variables of interest. Our findings show a negative relationship between slave trade and cognitive human capital. Hence, slave trade is more apparent when cognitive human capital is low. The Ordinary Least Squares findings are robust to the control for outliers, uncertainty about the model and Tobit regressions. We substantiate why from the perspective of massive sensitisation and education, the non-contemporary relationship between cognitive ability and slave trade established in this study has contemporary practical policy relevance in efforts to stem the tide of clandestine travel to Europe through countries in which clandestine migrants are captured and sold as slaves.

     
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    hdl: 10419/191339
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 016
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Environmental degradation and inclusive human development in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Odhiambo, Nicholas M.
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    In the light of challenges to sustainable development in the post-2015 development agenda, this study assesses how increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions affect inclusive human development in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for the period... more

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    In the light of challenges to sustainable development in the post-2015 development agenda, this study assesses how increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions affect inclusive human development in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for the period 2000-2012. The following findings are established from Fixed Effects and Tobit regressions. First, unconditional effects and conditional impacts are respectively positive and negative from CO2 emissions per capita, CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption and CO2 intensity. This implies a Kuznets shaped curve because of consistent decreasing returns. Second, the corresponding net effects are consistently positive. The following findings are apparent from Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) regressions. First, unconditional effects and conditional impacts are respectively negative and positive from CO2 emissions per capita, CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption and CO2 intensity. This implies a U-shaped curve because of consistent increasing returns. Second, the corresponding net effects are overwhelmingly negative. Based on the robust findings and choice of best estimator, the net effect of increasing CO2 emissions on inclusive human development is negative. Policy implications are discussed.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191340
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 017
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten)
  5. Introduction to special issue: mobile technologies and inclusive development in Africa
    Contributor: Asongu, Simplice (HerausgeberIn); Boateng, Agyenim (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    The primary objective of this special issue is to showcase high-quality interdisciplinary research in the field of mobile phone technology and inclusive economic development, with a view to inspire and educate readers and policy makers on the vital... more

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    The primary objective of this special issue is to showcase high-quality interdisciplinary research in the field of mobile phone technology and inclusive economic development, with a view to inspire and educate readers and policy makers on the vital role of mobile phones in economic development in Africa. We hope that the articles in this special issue will encourage academics and policy makers to carry out more research on the challenges and opportunities mobile phone technology offers in our quest to develop our communities.

     
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    Contributor: Asongu, Simplice (HerausgeberIn); Boateng, Agyenim (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191341
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 018
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 7 Seiten)
  6. Information asymmetry, financialisation and financial access
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Odhiambo, Nicholas M.
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    This study investigates whether information sharing channels that are meant to reduce information asymmetry have led to an increase in financial access. The study employs a Generalised Method of Moments technique using data from 53 African countries... more

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    This study investigates whether information sharing channels that are meant to reduce information asymmetry have led to an increase in financial access. The study employs a Generalised Method of Moments technique using data from 53 African countries during the period from 2004-2011 to examine this linkage. Information sharing channels are theoretically designed to promote the formal financial sector and discourage the informal financial sector. The study uses two information sharing channels: private credit bureaus and public credit registries. The study found that both information sharing channels have a positive and significant impact on financial access. The study also found that public credit registries complement the formal financial sector to promote financial access. The policy implications are discussed.

     
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    hdl: 10419/191342
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 019
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten)
  7. Introduction
    Author: Asongu, Simplice
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    Sustainable development within the investigated context includes the ability of African countries to meet the present economic, social and environmental needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. A... more

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    Sustainable development within the investigated context includes the ability of African countries to meet the present economic, social and environmental needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. A challenging contemporary policy syndrome is the lack of funding for adequate capacities and structures essential for the realisation of the post-2015 development agenda. This introductory chapter provides highlights on all chapters covered by the book in the direction of addressing the underlying policy syndrome.

     
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191343
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 021
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 9 Seiten)
  8. Human development thresholds for inclusive mobile banking in developing countries
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Odhiambo, Nicholas M.
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    This study assesses human development thresholds at which mobile banking mitigates poverty and inequality in 93 developing countries for the year 2011. Mobile banking entails: "mobile used to pay bills" and "mobile used to receive/send money", while... more

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    This study assesses human development thresholds at which mobile banking mitigates poverty and inequality in 93 developing countries for the year 2011. Mobile banking entails: "mobile used to pay bills" and "mobile used to receive/send money", while the modifying policy indicator is the human development index (HDI). The empirical evidence is based on interactive quantile regressions. A summary of the findings shows that with increasing human development: (i) "mobiles used to pay bills" contribute to reducing inequality in countries at the bottom and top ends of the inequality distribution, while (ii) "mobiles used to receive/send money’ have an appealing role in promoting inclusive development in all poverty distributions, with the exception of the top-end or 90th decile. The modifying thresholds of the HDI vary from 0.542 to 0.632 and 0.333 to 0.705 in inequality and poverty specifications, respectively. The relevance of the findings is discussed in light of the current transition from Millennium Development Goals to Sustainable Development Goals.

     
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    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191344
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 022
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten)
  9. CO2 emission thresholds for inclusive human development in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Author: Asongu, Simplice
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    We provide policy-relevant critical masses beyond which, increasing CO2 emissions negatively affects inclusive human development. This study examines how increasing CO2 emissions affects inclusive human development in 44 Sub-Saharan African countries... more

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    We provide policy-relevant critical masses beyond which, increasing CO2 emissions negatively affects inclusive human development. This study examines how increasing CO2 emissions affects inclusive human development in 44 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period 2000-2012. The empirical evidence is based on Fixed Effects and Tobit regressions. In order to increase the policy relevance of this study, the dataset is decomposed into fundamental characteristics of inclusive development and environmental degradation based on income levels (Low income versus (vs.) Middle income); legal origins (English Common law vs. French Civil law); religious domination (Christianity vs. Islam); openness to sea (Landlocked vs. Coastal); resource-wealth (Oil-rich vs. Oil-poor) and political stability (Stable vs. Unstable). All computed thresholds are within policy range. Hence, above these thresholds, CO2 emissions negatively affect inclusive human development.

     
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191345
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 023
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten)
  10. Does CSR contribute to the development of rural young people in cultural tourism of sub-Saharan Africa?
    evidence from the Niger Delta in Nigeria
    Author: Uduji, Joseph I.; Okolo-Obasi, Elda N.; Asongu, Simplice
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    Handicrafts are key cultural products consumed in the Nigeria’s tourism industry. Owing to low entry barriers, as handicrafts require a low level of capital investment, there is potential to develop viable linkages between tourism and local... more

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    Handicrafts are key cultural products consumed in the Nigeria’s tourism industry. Owing to low entry barriers, as handicrafts require a low level of capital investment, there is potential to develop viable linkages between tourism and local handicrafts sectors that create economic opportunities for local artisans. Thus, we assess the impact of a new corporate social responsibility (CSR) model of multinational oil companies on the development of rural young people (RYP) in cultural tourism in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. Six hundred RYP were sampled across the rural Niger Delta region. Using the logit model, results indicate that RYP have remained widely excluded from the General Memorandum of Understandings (GMoUs) interventions in cultural tourism projects due to the traditional beliefs that cultural affairs are prerogatives of elders, a caveat to the youths. This implies that if the traditions of the communities continue to hinder direct participation of the RYP from the GMoUs cultural tourism project interventions, achieving equality and cultural change would be limited in the region. The findings suggest that since handicrafts are key cultural products consumed in the tourism industry, GMoUs can play a role in helping to create an appropriate intervention structure that will be targeted towards youth empowerment in the area of traditional handicraft. This can be achieved if the Cluster Development Boards (CDBs) would focus on integrating rural young artisans into local tourism value chains and ensuring that they benefit economically from the sector. The CDBs should aim at creating space for the views of rural young indigenous people's handicrafts; emphasizing the value of indigenous knowledge, particularly on arts and crafts for tourists and expatriate in multinational corporations in Nigeria.

     
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191346
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 024
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. An integrative framework for entrepreneurship research in Africa
    Author: Adu-Gyamfi, Richard; Kuada, John E.; Asongu, Simplice
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    Despite the good intentions in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA), previous policy initiatives on entrepreneurship have been disjointed, unambitious, and implemented without commitment and required resources. Furthermore, there has been limited research that... more

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    Despite the good intentions in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA), previous policy initiatives on entrepreneurship have been disjointed, unambitious, and implemented without commitment and required resources. Furthermore, there has been limited research that can provide insight into the reasons why some of the policy initiatives appear to be successful while others fail. Some scholars have suggested that without a context-specific classificatory guide, policymakers are unlikely to be accurate in their assessment of the growth capabilities of prospective candidates for specific promotion initiatives and this can explain some of the policy failures. This observation has motivated the present paper. Our aim is to provide a framework that helps identify the different contextual dimensions influencing enterprise creation processes in SSA.

     
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    Language: English
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    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191347
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 025
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The role of inclusive development and military expenditure in modulating the effect of terrorism on governance
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Nwachukwu, Jacinta C.; Le Roux, Sara
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    Purpose- The study investigates the role of inclusive human development and military expenditure in modulating the effect of terrorism on governance. Design/methodology/approach- It is based on 53 African countries for the period 1998-2012 and... more

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    Purpose- The study investigates the role of inclusive human development and military expenditure in modulating the effect of terrorism on governance. Design/methodology/approach- It is based on 53 African countries for the period 1998-2012 and interactive Generalised Method of Moments is employed. Six governance indicators from the World Bank and two terrorism variables are used, namely: domestic and transnational terrorism dynamics. Findings- The following main findings are established. There is a negative net effect on governance (regulation quality and corruption-control) when inclusive human development is used to reduce terrorism. There is a positive net impact on governance ("voice and accountability" and rule of law) when military expenditure is used to reduce domestic terrorism. Originality/value- We have complemented the sparse literature on the use of policy variables to mitigate the effect of policy syndromes on macroeconomic outcomes.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191348
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 026
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten)
  13. Transfer pricing and corporate social responsibility
    arguments, views and agenda
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Uduji, Joseph I.; Okolo-Obasi, Elda N.
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    The central thesis of the paper is that Multinational Companies (MNC) should invest in the use of "soft" methods (socially responsible behavior) to mitigate costs in society accrued due to use of "hardcore" tax evasion tactics (Transfer mispricing)... more

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    The central thesis of the paper is that Multinational Companies (MNC) should invest in the use of "soft" methods (socially responsible behavior) to mitigate costs in society accrued due to use of "hardcore" tax evasion tactics (Transfer mispricing) to maximize profits from operations in developing countries and/or countries with weak or inefficient tax laws and tax collection institutions. Therefore, we articulate the argument of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as an indirect compensation for transfer mispricing. Our aim is not to present CSR as solution to transfer mispricing. An analytical approach is based on a content analysis of the existing literature with emphasis on a case study. We first discuss the dark side of transfer pricing (TP), next we present the link between TP and poverty and finally we advance arguments for CSR as a compensation for transfer mispricing. While acknowledging that TP is a legal accounting practice, we argue that in light of its poverty and underdevelopment externalities, the practice per se should be a strong defence for CSR because it is also associated with schemes that deprive developing countries of the capital essential for investment in health, education and development programmes.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/204996
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 029
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten)
  14. Tourism and insecurity in the world
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Uduji, Joseph I.; Okolo-Obasi, Elda N.
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    The study assesses the role of forces of law and order in modulating the insecurity-tourism nexus in 163 countries for the period 2010 to 2015. Policy syndromes or insecurity dynamics include: violent crime, access to weapons, political instability... more

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    The study assesses the role of forces of law and order in modulating the insecurity-tourism nexus in 163 countries for the period 2010 to 2015. Policy syndromes or insecurity dynamics include: violent crime, access to weapons, political instability and perception of criminality while the policy variables of forces of law and order are captured with "security officers & police" and "armed service personnel". The empirical evidence is based on Negative Binomial regressions. The findings show that the policy variables can be effectively used to crowd-out the negative incidence of policy syndromes on tourist arrivals. The results are contingent on net effects (from conditional and unconditional effects), insecurity dynamics and thresholds. A threshold is an inflexion point at which the unfavorable unconditional effect from a policy syndrome of insecurity on tourist arrivals is completely neutralized by policy variables of forces of law and order. Policy implications are discussed.

     
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    hdl: 10419/204997
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 028
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten)
  15. Inequality and the economic participation of women in Sub-Saharan Africa
    an empirical investigation
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Odhiambo, Nicholas M.
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    This study investigates the effect of inequality on female employment in 42 countries in sub- Saharan Africa for the period 2004-2014. Three inequality indicators are used, namely, the: Gini coefficient, Atkinson index and Palma ratio. Two indicators... more

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    This study investigates the effect of inequality on female employment in 42 countries in sub- Saharan Africa for the period 2004-2014. Three inequality indicators are used, namely, the: Gini coefficient, Atkinson index and Palma ratio. Two indicators of gender inclusion are also employed, namely: female employment and female unemployment rates. The empirical analysis is based on the Generalised Method of Moments (GMM).The following main findings are established. First, inequality increases female unemployment in regressions based on the Palma ratio. Second, from the robustness checks, inequality reduces female employment within the frameworks of the Gini coefficient and Palma ratio.

     
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/204998
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 027
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 20 Seiten)
  16. Terrorism and social media
    global evidence
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Orim, Stella-Maris I.; Nting, Rexon T.
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    The study assesses the relationship between terrorism and social media from a cross section of 148 countries with data for the year 2012. The empirical evidence is based on Ordinary Least Squares, Negative Binomial and Quantile regressions. The main... more

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    The study assesses the relationship between terrorism and social media from a cross section of 148 countries with data for the year 2012. The empirical evidence is based on Ordinary Least Squares, Negative Binomial and Quantile regressions. The main finding is that there is a positive relationship between social media in terms of Facebook penetration and terrorism. The positive relationship is driven by below-median quantiles of terrorism. In other words, countries in which existing levels of terrorism are low are more significantly associated with a positive Facebook-terrorism nexus. The established positive relationship is confirmed from other externalities of terrorism: terrorism fatalities, terrorism incidents, terrorism injuries and terrorism-related property damages. The terrorism externalities are constituents of the composite dependent variable.

     
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    hdl: 10419/204999
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 026
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten)
  17. Natural resource exports, foreign aid and terrorism
    Author: Asongu, Simplice
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    Linkages between foreign aid, terrorism and natural resource (fuel and iron ore) exports are investigated in this study. The focus is on 78 developing countries with data for the period 1984 to 2008. The generalised method of moment is employed as... more

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    Linkages between foreign aid, terrorism and natural resource (fuel and iron ore) exports are investigated in this study. The focus is on 78 developing countries with data for the period 1984 to 2008. The generalised method of moment is employed as empirical strategy. Three main foreign aid variables are used for the analysis, namely: bilateral aid, multilateral aid and total aid. The corresponding terrorism variables employed are: domestic terrorism, transnational terrorism, unclear terrorism and total terrorism. The following findings are established. First, the criteria informing the validity of specifications corresponding to iron ore exports do not hold. Second, there is evidence of convergence in fuel exports. Third, whereas the unconditional impacts of aid dynamics are not significant, the unconditional impacts of terrorism dynamics are consistently positive on fuel exports. Fourth, the interaction between terrorism and aid dynamics consistently display negative signs, with corresponding modifying aid thresholds within respective ranges. Unexpected signs are elicited and policy implications discussed. Given the unexpected results, an extended analysis is performed in which net effects are computed. These net effects are constitutive of the unconditional effect from terrorism and the conditional impacts from the interaction between foreign aid and terrorism dynamics. Based on the extended analysis, bilateral aid and total aid modulate terrorism dynamics to induce net positive effects on fuel exports while multilateral aid moderates terrorism dynamics to engender negative net effects on fuel exports. The research improves extant knowledge on nexuses between resources, terrorism and foreign aid.

     
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    Language: English
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    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/204993
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 023
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten)
  18. Foreign aid and sustainable inclusive human development in Africa
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Nnanna, Joseph
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    Motivated by evidence that extreme poverty has been decreasing in all regions of the world with the exception of Africa, the study contributes to the literature on reinventing foreign aid by assessing if development assistance can sustain inclusive... more

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    Motivated by evidence that extreme poverty has been decreasing in all regions of the world with the exception of Africa, the study contributes to the literature on reinventing foreign aid by assessing if development assistance can sustain inclusive human development. The empirical evidence is based on 53 African countries with data for the period 2005-2012 and Generalised Method of Moments. The adopted foreign aid variables include: aid for social infrastructure, aid for economic infrastructure, aid to the productive sector, aid to the multi sector, programme assistance, action on debt and humanitarian assistance. The results reveal that whereas foreign aid improves inclusive human development in the short-run, it decreases it in the long term. Policy implications are discussed with particular emphasis on reinventing foreign aid for sustainable development in the post-2015 development agenda.

     
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    hdl: 10419/204988
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 044
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten)
  19. The mobile phone as an argument for good governance in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Le Roux, Sara; Nwachukwu, Jacinta C.; Pyke, Chris
    Published: January 2018
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    Purpose- This study presents theoretical and empirical arguments for the role of mobile telephony in promoting good governance in 47 sub-Saharan African countries for the period 2000-2012. Design/methodology/approach- The empirical inquiry uses an... more

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    Purpose- This study presents theoretical and empirical arguments for the role of mobile telephony in promoting good governance in 47 sub-Saharan African countries for the period 2000-2012. Design/methodology/approach- The empirical inquiry uses an endogeneity-robust GMM approach with forward orthogonal deviations to analyse the linkage between mobile phone usage and the variation in three broad governance categories − political, economic and institutional. Findings- Three key findings are established: First, in terms of individual governance indicators, mobile phones consistently stimulated good governance by the same magnitude, with the exception of the effect on the regulation component of economic governance. Second, when indicators are combined, the effect of mobile phones on general governance is three times higher than that on the institutional governance category. Third, countries with lower levels of governance indicators are catching-up with their counterparts with more advanced dynamics. Originality/value- The study makes both theoretical and empirical contributions by highlighting the importance of various combinations of governance indicators and their responsiveness to mobile phone usage.

     
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    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/204937
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/18, 029
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten)
  20. Renewable energy, trade performance and the conditional role of finance and institutional capacity of sub-Sahara African countries
    Author: Akinyemi, Opeyemi; Efobi, Uchenna Rapuluchukwu; Asongu, Simplice; Osabuohein, Evans
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    The paper investigates the dynamic relationship between renewable energy usage and trade performance in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), while considering the conditioning role of corruption control, regulatory quality, and the private sector access to... more

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    The paper investigates the dynamic relationship between renewable energy usage and trade performance in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), while considering the conditioning role of corruption control, regulatory quality, and the private sector access to finance. Focusing on 42 SSA countries for the period 2004-2016, and engaging the System generalized method of moments (GMM) technique for its estimation, this study found a negative relationship between renewable energy usage and the indicators of trade performance. However, with corruption control, improved regulatory framework, and better finance for the private sector, there are potentials for a positive net impact of renewable energy usage on manufacturing export. For renewable energy and total trade nexus, we find that improved regulatory framework and better finance for the private sector are important conditioning structures. These findings are significant because they highlight the different important structures of SSA countries that improve the effect of renewable energy use on trade outcomes. For instance, the consideration of the financial, institutional and regulatory frameworks in SSA countries in conditioning the renewable energy-trade nexus stipulates a clear policy pathway for countries in this region as the debate for transition to the use of renewable energy progresses.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/205002
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 032
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Inequality thresholds, governance and gender economic inclusion in sub-Saharan Africa
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Odhiambo, Nicholas M.
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    Inequality and gender economic exclusion are major policy concerns facing sub-Saharan Africa in the post-2015 development agenda. The study provides critical masses of inequality that should not be exceeded if governance is to promote gender economic... more

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    Inequality and gender economic exclusion are major policy concerns facing sub-Saharan Africa in the post-2015 development agenda. The study provides critical masses of inequality that should not be exceeded if governance is to promote gender economic participation. The research focuses on 42 countries in sub-Saharan Africa using annual data spanning from 2004 to 2014. The empirical evidence is based on the Generalized Method of Moments. The following findings are established. First, inequality (i.e. the Gini coefficient) levels that completely nullify the positive effect of governance on female labour force participation are 0.708 for political stability, 0.601 for voice & accountability, 0.588 for government effectiveness, 0.631 for regulatory quality, 0.612 for the rule of law, and 0.550 for corruption control. Second, inequality thresholds at which female unemployment can no longer be mitigated by governance channels include: 0.561 (for political stability) and 0.465 (for the rule of law). Third, inequality levels that completely dampen the positive impact of governance on female employment are 0.608 for political stability, 0.580 for voice & accountability, 0.581 for government effectiveness, and 0.557 for the rule of law. As the main policy implication, for good governance to promote gender economic inclusion, inequality levels should not exceed established thresholds.

     
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    hdl: 10419/205003
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 033
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. How enhancing gender inclusion affects inequality
    thresholds of complementary policies for sustainable development
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Odhiambo, Nicholas M.
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    This study investigates how enhancing gender inclusion affects inequality in 42 African countries for the period 2004-2014. The empirical evidence is based on the Generalized Method of Moments. Three inequality indicators are used, namely, the: Gini... more

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    This study investigates how enhancing gender inclusion affects inequality in 42 African countries for the period 2004-2014. The empirical evidence is based on the Generalized Method of Moments. Three inequality indicators are used, namely, the: Gini coefficient, Atkinson index, and Palma ratio. The two gender inclusion measurements used include female labour force participation and female employment. The following main findings are established. There are positive net effects on inequality from the enhancement of gender inclusion dynamics. An extended threshold analysis is used to assess critical masses at which further increasing gender inclusion enhances inequality. The established thresholds are: (i) 55.555 "employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%)"for the nexus with the Gini coefficient. (ii) 50 "labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+)" and between 50 to 55 "employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%)", for the Atkinson index. (iii) 61.87 "labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+)" for the Palma ratio.These established thresholds are worthwhile for sustainable development because, beyond the critical masses, policy makers should complement the gender inclusion policy with other measures designed to reduce income inequality. Some complementary measures that can be taken on board beyond the established thresholds could focus on enhancing, inter alia: information and communication technology, infrastructural development; financial inclusion and inclusive education.

     
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    hdl: 10419/205004
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 034
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten)
  23. Inequality, information technology and inclusive education in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Orim, Stella-Maris I.; Nting, Rexon T.
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    This study examines linkages between inequality, information and communication technology (ICT) and inclusive education in order to establish inequality thresholds that should not be exceeded in order for ICT to promote inclusive education in 42... more

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    This study examines linkages between inequality, information and communication technology (ICT) and inclusive education in order to establish inequality thresholds that should not be exceeded in order for ICT to promote inclusive education in 42 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for the period 2004-2014. The empirical evidence is based on the Generalized Method of Moments. The following findings are established. First, a Gini coefficient and an Atkinson index of respectively, 0.400 and 0.625 are income inequality thresholds that should not be exceeded in order for internet penetration to positively influence inclusive education. Second, a Gini coefficient, an Atkinson index and a Palma ratio of respectively, 0.574, 0.676 and 9.000 are thresholds of income inequality that if exceeded, fixed broadband subscriptions will no longer positively affect inclusive education. As a main policy implication, the established inequality thresholds should not be exceeded in order for ICT to promote inclusive education in sampled countries. Other implications in the light of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are discussed.

     
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    hdl: 10419/205005
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 035
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten)
  24. Foreign aid complementarities and inclusive human development in Africa
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Odhiambo, Nicholas M.
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    This study complements existing literature by assessing how various types of foreign aid complement each other in boosting inclusive human development in Africa. (a) When 'aid to social infrastructure' is moderated with other aid types, 'action on... more

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    This study complements existing literature by assessing how various types of foreign aid complement each other in boosting inclusive human development in Africa. (a) When 'aid to social infrastructure' is moderated with other aid types, 'action on debts' is substitutive whereas 'aid to the production sector', 'aid for program assistance' and humanitarian assistance are complementary. (b) 'Aid to the production sector' ('action on debt') is complementary (substitutive) to 'aid for economic infrastructure'. (c) Whereas 'action on debt' is a substitute to 'aid to the production sector', 'aid for social infrastructure' and 'aid for economic infrastructure' are complementary. (d) 'Action on debt' is a substitute for 'aid to the multi-sector'. (e) While 'aid for social infrastructure' and 'action on debt' are substitutive to 'aid for program assistance'; humanitarian assistance is complementary. (f) The following are substitutes to 'action on debt': 'aid for economic infrastructure', 'aid to the production sector', 'aid to the multi-sector' and 'programme assistance'. (g) 'Aid for social infrastructure' and 'programme assistance' are complementary to humanitarian assistance. The findings reveal various patterns that inform policy makers on the relevance of sequencing aid types to enhance inclusive development. Future research should focus on country-specific studies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/204938
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 021
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten)
  25. Taxation, foreign aid and political governance in Africa
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Odhiambo, Nicholas M.
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    This study examines the hypothesis that foreign aid dilutes the positive role of taxation on political governance. The empirical evidence is based on the Generalised Method of Moments and 53 African countries for the period 1996-2010. For more policy... more

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    This study examines the hypothesis that foreign aid dilutes the positive role of taxation on political governance. The empirical evidence is based on the Generalised Method of Moments and 53 African countries for the period 1996-2010. For more policy options, the dataset is disaggregated into fundamental characteristics of African development based on income levels, legal origins, natural resources and landlockedness. While the hypothesis is invalid in baseline Africa, low income and English common law countries of the continent, the research cannot conclude on its validity for other fundamental characteristics of development. Policy implications, caveats and directions for future research are discussed.

     
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/204939
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/19, 020
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten)