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  1. A mensuração da educação nas PNADs da década de 1990
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Lima, Adriana Fernandes
    Published: 2002

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
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    Series: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 928
    Subjects: Bildungsniveau; Brasilien
    Scope: 12 S, graph. Darst
    Notes:

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  2. A mensuração da educação nas PNADs da década de 1990
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Lima, Adriana Fernandes
    Published: dezembro de 2002
    Publisher:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    In this text we attempt to track the main changes in the block of questions that pertains to education in the Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD). We discuss the evolution of the questions and their flow, as well as point out small... more

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    In this text we attempt to track the main changes in the block of questions that pertains to education in the Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD). We discuss the evolution of the questions and their flow, as well as point out small changes in the measured results in the 1988, 1990, 1992, and 1995 PNADs, due to these question and flow changes. These measurement changes are concentrated in the measurement of people with very little education (less than fourth grade). We also discuss the changes in educational levels of the population and show that they are not strong enough to justify major changes in the questionnaire. Finally, we discuss some possible modifications and conclude that the only one that would significantly improve the PNAD is the inclusion of a three-year rotating panel in the survey.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; no 928
    Subjects: Bildungsniveau; Brasilien
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 17 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. A participação feminina no mercado de trabalho
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Izaki, Rejane Sayuri
    Published: 2002

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
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    Series: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 923
    Subjects: Weibliche Arbeitskräfte; Frauenbildung; Brasilien
    Scope: 22 S, graph. Darst
    Notes:

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  4. A participação feminina no mercado de trabalho
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Izaki, Rejane Sayuri
    Published: dezembro de 2002
    Publisher:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    This paper has three objectives: the first is to track the changes in labor force participation behavior of women and show its evolution according to time and also according to cohorts; the second is to decompose these changes according to a group of... more

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    This paper has three objectives: the first is to track the changes in labor force participation behavior of women and show its evolution according to time and also according to cohorts; the second is to decompose these changes according to a group of elementary variables, such as position in the household and educational level; the last is to analyze with special care the relationship between educational levels of married women, education of their spouses, and their labor force participation behavior. This last objective is motivated by findings in the second one. We have five main results. The first is not surprising - we find both cohort and time effects at work on changes in participation behavior. The second is perhaps more surprising: position in the household has low statistical explanatory power for labor force participation - in other words, the strong increase in the percentage of female headed household holds little relation with the increase in female labor force participation. The real explanation is a massive increase in the participation rates of married women - this increase alone explains close to 70% of the increase in female labor force participation. Another surprising conclusion is that by far the most important explanatory variable is women's educational level, which alone explains about 50% of the variation in the global female participation rate. This suggests a strong price effect in the propensity to work among women. Finally, we can see that for married women of any educational level, increases in the spouse's educational level (and thus potential income) are associated with a lower labor force participation rate. This suggests an income effect to female participation behavior, although other interpretations are possible.

     
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    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; no 923
    Subjects: Weibliche Arbeitskräfte; Frauenbildung; Brasilien
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. A proposal for the unification of social protection benefits for children, youth and those vulnerable to poverty
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Bartholo, Letícia; Osorio, Rafael Guerreiro
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth (IPC - IG), Brasília, DF, Brazil

    Social protection policy in Brazil is a historically built patchwork of programmes that pay different values to people in the same situation, leaves many unprotected (in particular, 17 million children) and is fraught with duplications and other... more

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    Social protection policy in Brazil is a historically built patchwork of programmes that pay different values to people in the same situation, leaves many unprotected (in particular, 17 million children) and is fraught with duplications and other inefficiencies. This paper proposes an approach through which all transfers to individuals vulnerable to poverty and children can be brought together within a single framework. The budgets of the Bolsa Família, Abono Salarial and Salário-Família programmes and the child income tax deduction together add up to BRL52 billion (about USD15 billion). With these resources, it is possible to propose a new transfer programme based on a universal child benefit and a targeted extreme poverty grant that will be twice as effective at reducing poverty and inequality as the four existing programmes

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/223399
    Series: Working paper / International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth ; number 187 (November, 2019)
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. A repetência no contexto internacional
    o que dizem os dados de avaliações das quais o Brasil não participa?
    Author: Soares, Sergei
    Published: Aug. 2007
    Publisher:  IPEA, Brasília

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    Fachinformationsverbund Internationale Beziehungen und Länderkunde
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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1300
    Subjects: Schule; Schulversagen; Studienabbruch; Internationaler Vergleich; Schulpolitik; Schulversuch; Brasilien
    Scope: 16 S.
    Notes:

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  7. A universal child grant in Brazil
    what must we do, and what can we expect from it?
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Ansiliero, Graziela; Amaral, Aline Diniz; Souza, Pedro H. G. Ferreira de; Paiva, Luis Henrique
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth (IPC - IG), Brasília, DF, Brazil

    The objective of this paper is to propose a universal child grant for Brazil. We will discuss the rationality behind the proposal, how best to design it, its initial operational set-up,its costs, and some of its distributive aspects. The proposed... more

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    The objective of this paper is to propose a universal child grant for Brazil. We will discuss the rationality behind the proposal, how best to design it, its initial operational set-up,its costs, and some of its distributive aspects. The proposed allowance is based on the unification of the three child allowances that currently exist in the country.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/200622
    Series: Working paper / International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth ; number 181 (April, 2019)
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Análise do impacto do Programa Bolsa Família e do Benefício de Prestação Continuada na Redução da desigualdade nos estados brasileiros
    2004 a 2006
    Author: Sátyro, Natalia; Soares, Sergei
    Published: 2009
    Publisher:  Inst. de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    The objective of this text is to analyze the changes in inequality of household per capita income distribution in Brazilian states between 2004 and 2006 and estimate how much of the change is due to non-contributory income transfers from the federal... more

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    The objective of this text is to analyze the changes in inequality of household per capita income distribution in Brazilian states between 2004 and 2006 and estimate how much of the change is due to non-contributory income transfers from the federal government: Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) and Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC). The methodology used is decomposition of the Gini coefficient by factor components. The Gini coefficient is merely the sum of the concentration coefficients of each income source weighted by the relevance of each income source in total income. Our results are as follows. Between 2004 and 2006 the Gini coefficient fell by one Gini point (x100). This tendency was followed by all states bar seven, and increases in inequality in Alagoas and Maranhão are especially worrisome. A clear regional pattern can be found in the causes of the reduction in the internal inequality of the states. In the Northern and Northeaster states, income transfers, principally the PBF, were undoubtedly the driving force behind inequality reduction. In these regions BPC and PBF were responsible for half of total inequality reduction, on average (unweighted). The unweighted average in the Northeast was 88%. In the states of the South, Southwest and Center-West, BPC and PBF were important, but their contribution to the reduction in inequality was 24% on average (unweighted). In these areas labor income was the driving force behind inequality reduction, accounting for 53% of the unweighted average fall.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/91453
    Series: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1435
    Scope: Online-Ressource (38 S.), graph. Darst.
    Notes:

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  9. Desigualdade no Brasil de 2016 a 2017
    um exercício de decomposição e análise de mercado de trabalho de pouca mudança (o que é uma boa notícia)
    Author: Soares, Sergei
    Published: outubro de 2018
    Publisher:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    This article uses recently released data from the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua), Brazilian household survey to calculate changes in inequality as measured by the Gini coefficient from 2016 to 2017. A Shorrocks... more

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    This article uses recently released data from the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua), Brazilian household survey to calculate changes in inequality as measured by the Gini coefficient from 2016 to 2017. A Shorrocks decomposition by factor components is also undertaken, as well as a limited analysis of the wage inequality and the labor market contribution to household inequality. The main results are: i) the Gini coefficient fell 0.18 point from 2016 to 2017, going from 54.1 to 53.8, which is a very small reduction in inequality; ii) this reduction is due to the interplay between labor and social protection incomes; and iii) the labor market by itself is playing against reductions in inequality, which shows the relevance of the (still limited and not very progressive) Brazilian social protection system.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/211369
    Series: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2408
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Distribuição de renda nos anos 2010: uma década perdida para desigualdade e pobreza
    Author: Barbosa, Rogério J.; Souza, Pedro H. G. Ferreira de; Soares, Sergei
    Published: novembro de 2020
    Publisher:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    In this paper we analyze Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua) microdata from 2012 to 2018 to document how the mid-decade economic recession reversed the trend of pro-poor growth that dated back to the early 2000s.... more

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    In this paper we analyze Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua) microdata from 2012 to 2018 to document how the mid-decade economic recession reversed the trend of pro-poor growth that dated back to the early 2000s. Since the recession, there was a rise in inequality and poverty levels and aggregate welfare decreased. While average incomes surged from 2017 to 2018 they were still below their peak in 2014. More than 80% of all income growth between 2015 and 2018 accrued to the top 5%. Most distributional statistics suggest Brazil in 2018 was either back at the same levels or even worse-off than in 2012. This paper also relies on decomposition techniques to investigate the immediate causes behind this reversal of fortune. We find that the effects of the recession on the labor market explain a lot of the recent changes, but public transfers also played a role in distributional dynamics – either by action or inaction. Social assistance transfers and unemployment compensation failed to address rising inequality and poverty in any significant way. At the same time, Social Security contributed to surprisingly large increases in inequality due to the rise in pensions to the well-off. Finally, we show that in the past few years poverty rates were much more sensitive to changes in inequality than in average incomes. Indeed, if there were no increase inequality Brazil would have made further progress in reducing poverty even amid the recession.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/240804
    Series: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2610
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Distributive impacts of social security financing in Brazil
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Bloch, Carolina
    Published: August 2019
    Publisher:  Ipea, Institute for Applied Economic Research, Brasília, DF, Brazil

    This paper seeks to estimate the distributive impact of the taxes and other fiscal contributions that finance social security in Brazil. Making a certain number of strong hypotheses relative to the fiscal incidence of social security financing, we... more

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    German Institute for Global and Area Studies, Bibliothek
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    This paper seeks to estimate the distributive impact of the taxes and other fiscal contributions that finance social security in Brazil. Making a certain number of strong hypotheses relative to the fiscal incidence of social security financing, we compute a measure of incidence that aggregates the distributive effect of the different taxes that compose tax revenues. For this, we use concentration coefficients computed by Silveira and Passos (2017) weighted by the importance of each tax in funding social security (basically by distinguishing individual social security contributions from taxes collected by the states and the Union). Our results indicate that the financing of social security in Brazil is only slightly progressive, given that the concentration coefficient of these taxes is not much lower than the Gini coefficient nor than the concentration coefficient of social security benefits.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/220330
    Series: Discussion paper / IPEA ; 244 (August 2019)
    Subjects: Sozialpolitik; Soziale Sicherheit; Finanzierung; Öffentliche Ausgaben; Steuereinnahmen
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Effective rates of protection in Brazil
    from 2000 to 2015
    Author: Bloch, Carolina; Soares, Sergei
    Published: maio 2019
    Publisher:  Ipea, Institute for Applied Economic Research, Brasília, DF, Brazil

    This paper calculates effective tariffs by economic sector for Brazil from 2000 to 2015. The effective tariff differs from the nominal tariff in that it takes into consideration the protection given to inputs along the production chain. A sector... more

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    This paper calculates effective tariffs by economic sector for Brazil from 2000 to 2015. The effective tariff differs from the nominal tariff in that it takes into consideration the protection given to inputs along the production chain. A sector whose products are protected by high tariffs may also be burdened by high tariffs on its inputs, leading to a lower effective tariff. Two series are calculated: 2000 to 2009 and 2010 to 2015. The reason for this is that the National Accounts changed their classification of economic sectors in 2010. Results indicate that: i) effective rates of protection are highly varied in Brazil, according to sector; ii) effective rates of protection have become slightly more homogeneous in the 15 years from 2000 to 2015; and iii) some sectors have seen their rates of protection vary considerably over this fifteen-year period, but most did not.

     
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    Language: English
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    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/220326
    Series: Discussion paper / IPEA ; 240 (May 2019)
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Erradicar a pobreza extrema
    um objetivo ao alcance do Brasil
    Author: Osorio, Rafael Guerreiro; Soares, Sergei; Souza, Pedro Herculano Guimarães Ferreira de
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Inst. de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília, DF

    In this text we address measurement, monitoring and cost issues relating to the eradication of extreme poverty in Brazil. We argue that, for the purpose of ending extreme poverty, income poverty is the relevant concept, and that an administrative... more

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    In this text we address measurement, monitoring and cost issues relating to the eradication of extreme poverty in Brazil. We argue that, for the purpose of ending extreme poverty, income poverty is the relevant concept, and that an administrative extreme poverty line, decided upon politically, is the best criterion. For computational purposes, we use a R$ 67 extreme poverty line. The extreme poverty line should be updated using food inflation (INPC-alimentos) and progress should be assessed using the upcoming quarterly continuous household survey. We finally argue that families report incomes strategically, that even if correctly reported, all incomes are measured with error, and that those of poor people are also highly volatile. Given these limitations, the only way to ensure the end of extreme poverty is to give to extremely poor families a benefit close to the poverty line itself. We finally propose an incremental strategy that will cost less that 0,5% of GDP, using a R$ 67 line.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/91026
    Series: Texto para discussão ; 1619
    Subjects: Armutsbekämpfung; Brasilien
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 58 S., 665 KB), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  14. Evolucão do desempenho cognitivo do Brasil de 2000 a 2009 face aos demais países
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Nascimen, Paulo A. Meyer M.
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Inst. de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília, DF

    This text analyzes the evolution of the cognitive abilities of Brazilian youth as measured by Programme for International Student Assessment (Pisa). Our results are quite positive. In spite of an increase of youth eligible for the PISA universe and,... more

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    This text analyzes the evolution of the cognitive abilities of Brazilian youth as measured by Programme for International Student Assessment (Pisa). Our results are quite positive. In spite of an increase of youth eligible for the PISA universe and, therefore, a reduction in selectivity, Brazil's average score increased 33 points over the last decade. Brazil's position also improved when compared to that of other countries as its average score increased from 75% to 80% of the average of the original Pisa 2000 country group. In distributive terms, the greatest score increases were observed at the lower tail of the cognitive ability distribution. The upper tail of the mathematics distribution saw its average score increase by nearly 30 points, while at the lower tail the increase was close to 70 points.

     
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    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/90986
    Series: Texto para discussão ; 1641
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 26 S., 1,99 MB), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  15. Fim de uma era ou e agora, Maria?
    desafios para a atuação federal na educação básica
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Bartholo, Letícia; Licio, Elaine Cristina; Bof, Alvana; Martins, Felipe dos Santos; Santos, Claudio Hamilton Matos dos
    Published: dezembro de 2021
    Publisher:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    In this text, a newly appointed national secretary of education takes the reader on journey through time across the main dimensions of educational policy, observing its evolution over the last thirty years. Federative relations, financing, evaluation... more

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    In this text, a newly appointed national secretary of education takes the reader on journey through time across the main dimensions of educational policy, observing its evolution over the last thirty years. Federative relations, financing, evaluation system, curricular parameters, and, of course, teachers training and earnings are all looked at and their evolution summarized. The results of this investment on student outcomes in terms of access, flow, and learning are analyzed. Finally, Maria shares her thoughts on possible trajectories to reach a future in which the quality levels of Brazilian education will leave a future time traveler with a sense of accomplishment. Given the Federative nature of Brazil, Maria understands that it is not up to the Federal Government to directly improve the results of a decentralized policy, but it can - and should - improve the processes that lead to this: coordination, financing and evaluation. In spite of the improvement of the last thirty years, teacher training and earnings and a better curriculum are still needed to improve educational outcomes.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
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    hdl: 10419/249229
    Series: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2713
    Subjects: basic education; educational policy evaluation; educational policy financing; federative coordination
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Focalização e cobertura do Programa Bolsa-Família
    qual o significado dos 11 milhões de famílias?
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Ribas, Rafael Pérez; Soares, Fabio Veras
    Published: 2009
    Publisher:  Inst. de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    In 2006, the Bolsa Família Program completed its expansion, expecting to cover 11 million beneficiary families. The objective of this article is to evaluate whether this implied in deterioration in the program's efficient targeting and whether the... more

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    In 2006, the Bolsa Família Program completed its expansion, expecting to cover 11 million beneficiary families. The objective of this article is to evaluate whether this implied in deterioration in the program's efficient targeting and whether the target of 11 million families in fact covers the entirety of Bolsa Família's eligible target population. Our results are twofold. First, the increase in the coverage was followed by a slightly fall in the targeting. However, we do not find evidences that the coverage increase caused a worse targeting by itself. In addition, that coverage target is insufficient to cover the eligible population due to targeting errors and the size of the program. Taking into consideration the inevitable targeting errors, we estimate that the program should expand up to 15 millions of beneficiary families.Additionally, we show that a considerable part of the so-called inclusion error may be explained by the income volatility of poor families that makes the real target population of Bolsa Família (those families that are or soon will be below R$ 120 per capita) considerably larger that that calculated using a cross-section estimate of the income distribution in a given moment.

     
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    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/91293
    Series: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1396
    Scope: Online-Ressource (48 S.), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  17. Impactos distributivos do financiamento dos regimes previdenciários no Brasil
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Bloch, Carolina
    Published: janeiro de 2020
    Publisher:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    This paper seeks to estimate the distributive impact of the taxes and other fiscal contributions that finance social security in Brazil. Making a certain number of strong hypotheses relative to the fiscal incidence of social security financing, we... more

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    This paper seeks to estimate the distributive impact of the taxes and other fiscal contributions that finance social security in Brazil. Making a certain number of strong hypotheses relative to the fiscal incidence of social security financing, we compute a measure of incidence that aggregates the distributive effect of the different taxes that compose tax revenues. For this, we use concentration coefficients computed by Silveira and Passos (2017) weighted by the importance of each tax in funding social security (basically by distinguishing individual social security contributions from taxes collected by the states and the Union). Our results indicate that the financing of social security in Brazil is only slightly progressive, given that the concentration coefficient of these taxes is not much lower than the Gini coefficient nor than the concentration coefficient of social security benefits.

     
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    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/240731
    Series: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2536
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Inequality in Brazil from 2016 to 2017
    a decomposition exercise and labor market analysis of virtually no change (which is good news)
    Author: Soares, Sergei
    Published: October 2018
    Publisher:  Ipea, Institute for Applied Economic Research, Brasília, DF, Brazil

    This article uses recently released data from the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua), Brazilian household survey to calculate changes in inequality as measured by the Gini coefficient from 2016 to 2017. A Shorrocks... more

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    This article uses recently released data from the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua), Brazilian household survey to calculate changes in inequality as measured by the Gini coefficient from 2016 to 2017. A Shorrocks decomposition by factor components is also undertaken, as well as a limited analysis of the wage inequality and the labor market contribution to household inequality. The main results are: i) the Gini coefficient fell 0.18 point from 2016 to 2017, going from 54.1 to 53.8, which is a very small reduction in inequality; ii) this reduction is due to the interplay between labor and social protection incomes; and iii) the labor market by itself is playing against reductions in inequality, which shows the relevance of the (still limited and not very progressive) Brazilian social protection system

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/220324
    Series: Discussion paper / IPEA ; 237 (October 2018)
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Maternity and paternity in the workplace in Latin America and the Caribbean: a review of national policies for paternity and maternity leave and support to breastfeeding in the workplace
    executive summary
    Author: Bilo, Charlotte; Tebaldi, Raquel
    Published: 05/11/2020
    Publisher:  International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth, Brasília, DF - Brasil

    Maternity, paternity and parental leaves, as well as policies to support breastfeeding in the workplace, such as breastfeeding breaks and rooms, are a fundamental part of comprehensive social protection systems and early childhood development... more

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    Maternity, paternity and parental leaves, as well as policies to support breastfeeding in the workplace, such as breastfeeding breaks and rooms, are a fundamental part of comprehensive social protection systems and early childhood development strategies. The study at hand compares current leave policies as well as policies supporting breastfeeding in the workplace in 24 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean according to the standards established by the International Labour Organization (ILO) and international best practices

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Osorio, Rafael Guerreiro (MitwirkendeR); Soares, Sergei (MitwirkendeR); Soares, Fabio Veras (MitwirkendeR)
    Language: Spanish
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: [Research report] / International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth ; 39
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 16 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Metodologia e resultados da avaliação do programa de erradicação do trabalho infantil
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Pianto, Donald M.
    Published: 2003

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    Series: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 994
    Subjects: Kinderarbeit; Brasilien
    Scope: 16 S
    Notes:

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  21. Metodologias para estabelecer a linha de pobreza
    objetivas, subjetivas, relativas e multidimensionais
    Author: Soares, Sergei
    Published: 2009
    Publisher:  Inst. de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    The objective of this text is to compare various approaches to defining poverty lines. The Cost of Basic Needs approach has been the most widely used method in Brazil and Latin America, there are various alternatives. In addition to the Cost of Basic... more

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    The objective of this text is to compare various approaches to defining poverty lines. The Cost of Basic Needs approach has been the most widely used method in Brazil and Latin America, there are various alternatives. In addition to the Cost of Basic Needs and Food Energy Intake methods, the text also discusses multidimensional poverty lines, not widely used in Brazil but quite popular in the rest of Latin America. Administrative poverty lines, such as half of a minimum wage or a dollar a day in purchasing power parity terms, are also discussed. Finally, the text also discusses relative and subjective poverty lines, widely used in the European OECD countries. The text's main conclusion is that although some approaches are better than others, this depends on the context. There is no perfect and criticism-proof method for defining who is and who is not poor.

     
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    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91156
    Series: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1381
    Scope: Online-Ressource (50 S.), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  22. Minimum wage
    global challenges and perspectives
    Contributor: Soares, Sergei (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: 09/10/2018
    Publisher:  International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth, United Nations Development Programme, Brasilia, DF - Brazil

    The increase in inequality over the last few decades in most of the world has been a constant source of concern for policymakers and analysts. Inequality can hinder economic growth, reduce well-being and increase poverty. It also fuels social unrest... more

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    The increase in inequality over the last few decades in most of the world has been a constant source of concern for policymakers and analysts. Inequality can hinder economic growth, reduce well-being and increase poverty. It also fuels social unrest and reduces social cohesion. Great attention has been given to the role of fiscal redistribution (or lack thereof) in the inequality debate, but perhaps mechanisms that involve money passing directly from one economic agent to another, rather than through the hands of the State, deserve more attention. In a time of weakened labour unions and decreasing income mobility, can the minimum wage once again shine as a market-friendly and effective policy tool?" (...)

     
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    Contributor: Soares, Sergei (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/197750
    Series: Policy in focus ; volume 15, issue no. 2 (September 2018)
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
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    Enthält 9 Beiträge
  23. Mortality from COVID-19 in the US
    did unions save lives?
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Berg, Janine
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  International Labour Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

    This paper builds on the existing literature on the effect of unionization on OSH by providing an analysis of unionization's effects on COVID-19 mortality. It combines data from the NVSS with the CPS into a unique dataset. It finds that a 10... more

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    This paper builds on the existing literature on the effect of unionization on OSH by providing an analysis of unionization's effects on COVID-19 mortality. It combines data from the NVSS with the CPS into a unique dataset. It finds that a 10 percentage-point increase in unionization is associated with a reduction in mortality from 26 per 100,000 workers to 24 per 100,000 workers. This means that if the United States had the union density of 35 percent that it had in 1954 instead of today's rate of 10 percent, the COVID-19 mortality rate for working people would have fallen from 26 to 19 per 100,000.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
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    ISBN: 9789220399828; 9789220399835; 9789220399842; 9789220399859
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/283443
    Series: ILO working paper / International Labour Organization ; 98 (November 2023)
    Subjects: COVID-19
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. O Programa Bolsa Família
    desenho institucional, impactos e possibilidades futuras
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Sátyro, Natália
    Published: 2009
    Publisher:  Inst. de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    This text discusses the Bolsa Família Program, its institutional design, implementation issues, its impacts and possibilities for future evolution. We discuss the institutional division of responsibilities, benefits, conditionalities and federative... more

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    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
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    This text discusses the Bolsa Família Program, its institutional design, implementation issues, its impacts and possibilities for future evolution. We discuss the institutional division of responsibilities, benefits, conditionalities and federative arrangements. With regards to implementation issues, we discuss the vitally important Single Registry of Beneficiaries, targeting, coverage and the discussion about exit strategies for beneficiary families. We also briefly review the literature on Bolsa Família`s impacts upon inequality, poverty, nutrition, labor supply, and political participation. We conclude that at present Bolsa Família is neither entirely a social protection program nor a program for the generation of opportunities. In the near future, a definition will be necessary because the two objectives are incompatible in a single program.

     
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    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91006
    Series: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1424
    Scope: Online-Ressource (37 S.), graph. Darst.
    Notes:

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  25. O Programa Bolsa Família
    desenho institucional, impactos e possibilidades futuras
    Author: Soares, Sergei; Sátyro, Natália
    Published: 2009
    Publisher:  Inst. de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    This text discusses the Bolsa Família Program, its institutional design, implementation issues, its impacts and possibilities for future evolution. We discuss the institutional division of responsibilities, benefits, conditionalities and federative... more

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    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    This text discusses the Bolsa Família Program, its institutional design, implementation issues, its impacts and possibilities for future evolution. We discuss the institutional division of responsibilities, benefits, conditionalities and federative arrangements. With regards to implementation issues, we discuss the vitally important Single Registry of Beneficiaries, targeting, coverage and the discussion about exit strategies for beneficiary families. We also briefly review the literature on Bolsa Família`s impacts upon inequality, poverty, nutrition, labor supply, and political participation. We conclude that at present Bolsa Família is neither entirely a social protection program nor a program for the generation of opportunities. In the near future, a definition will be necessary because the two objectives are incompatible in a single program.

     
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    Language: Portuguese
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91006
    Series: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1424
    Scope: Online-Ressource (37 S.), graph. Darst.
    Notes:

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache