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Displaying results 1 to 25 of 598.

  1. Leisure time and labor productivity
    a new economic view rooted from sociological perspective
    Author: Cui, Dan; Wei, Xiang; Wu, Dianting; Cui, Nana; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel

    Most economists measure labor productivity based on activities conducted at places of work and do not consider leisure time in their calculations. In contrast, psychologists and sociologists argue that leisure has a positive role in the production... more

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    Most economists measure labor productivity based on activities conducted at places of work and do not consider leisure time in their calculations. In contrast, psychologists and sociologists argue that leisure has a positive role in the production process: leisure can improve individuals’ labor productivity by affecting their self-development. Using empirical data from 21 OECD countries, this study finds that leisure time has a dual effect on labor productivity in terms of per capita per hour GDP. Moreover, leisure time is nonlinearly associated with labor productivity (inverted U-shaped). When leisure time reaches the optimal level (5813 hours), leisure has a compensatory effect on work and can positively influence labor productivity, but when leisure time exceeds the optimal value, leisure has a substitution effect on work and can negatively influence labor productivity.

     
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    46
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/183126
    Series: Array ; no. 2018, 74 (October 10, 2018)
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Inbound tourism as a driving force for regional innovation
    a spatial impact study on China
    Author: Liu, Jingjing; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: [2016]
    Publisher:  European Regional Science Association, [Louvain-la-Neuve]

    Along with the globalization and information-economic epoch, international knowledge spillover plays an important role in regional development, and the regional innovation system becomes more and more open-ended. As a nexus of the destination and the... more

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    Along with the globalization and information-economic epoch, international knowledge spillover plays an important role in regional development, and the regional innovation system becomes more and more open-ended. As a nexus of the destination and the outside world, inbound tourism brings various economic and social resources for the development of the host region, which may also contribute to a higher level of cognitive proximity and absorptive capability as well as to greater product variety and manifold consumption externalities. Much research has addressed the influence of innovation on the tourism industry development, but only a few studies have focused on the impact of tourism on innovation. This study focusses on the influence of inbound tourism on a regional innovation system. The aims of this research are to: (1) interpret the mechanism of how inbound tourism impacts regional innovation; (2) inquire the external influence factors of the performance of inbound tourism; (3) explore the different characteristics of these effects when considering different types of innovation; (4) revisit the Tourism-Led Growth (TLG) hypothesis, and consider whether innovation can be a new vehicle to explain the influence of inbound tourism on spatial economic development. The influence of inbound tourism on innovation will provide a new perspective for analyzing the long term impact of tourism development. Furthermore, it may also be a meaningful complement to studies on the relationship between immigration, culture diversity and innovation, especially in the context of developing regions. Our study is organized as follows. First, the theoretical framework and the related hypotheses on the interaction between inbound tourism and regional innovation are presented. The network structure and diverse demands approaches as well as the effect of the regional absorptive capacity are considered and highlighted. Next, data from 30 Chinese Mainland provinces (Tibet being excluded, because part of the important indicators are unavailable) for the years 2003-2012 are used for the empirical analysis. The data come from the Chinese Patent Statistical Yearbook, the Chinese Statistical Yearbook, and the China Economic & Industry Data Database. From a methodical perspective, an entropy method and a perpetual inventory method were undertaken to measure the key variables. Next, a descriptive analysis was used to reach a preliminary idea on the above relationship. As to the existence of spatial autocorrelation, spatial panel data analysis was conducted to test these hypotheses. The study finds that inbound tourism is a driving force for a regional innovation system in China and can bring a new life to regional economic development. Firstly, inbound tourism appears to have a direct and indirect impact on regional innovation, while absorptive capacity has a significant mediating effect in this relationship. Secondly, the impact of inbound tourism on regional innovation capacity tends to be stronger in the wealthier and more international-oriented provinces. Thirdly, the effect of inbound tourism on technological innovation is mostly weaker than that of social innovation. Fourthly, this study supports the TLG hypothesis with regional innovation as the mediating variable.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/174664
    Series: Cities & regions : smart, sustainable, inclusive? : European Regional Science Association Congress 2016 : 56th Congress : 23-26 August 2016, Vienna, Austria
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. A comprehensive analysis of the wage curve in Brazil
    non-linearities, urban size, and the spatial dimension
    Author: Barufi, Ana Maria Bonomi; Haddad, Eduardo Amaral; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: [2016]
    Publisher:  European Regional Science Association, [Louvain-la-Neuve]

    Agglomeration economies have a relevant impact on local labour markets. The interaction of workers and firms in dense urban areas may generate productivity advantages that result in higher wages. City size has an important impact on the relative... more

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    Agglomeration economies have a relevant impact on local labour markets. The interaction of workers and firms in dense urban areas may generate productivity advantages that result in higher wages. City size has an important impact on the relative bargaining power of workers and firms in the labour market. When analysing the relationship of local wages and the business cycle, wage flexibility, measured by the wage curve, is higher in informal sectors in less dense areas in Brazil. Therefore, large agglomerations are supposed to provide a higher bargaining power for workers, as they have further job opportunities. In addition, labour market dualism is an essential ingredient in the evaluation of the wage curve in developing economies. However, this type of analysis should be conducted in the adequate regional level (labour market areas), mking it possible to find a relevant impact of city size on the relative bargaining power of workers and firms.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/174643
    Series: Cities & regions : smart, sustainable, inclusive? : European Regional Science Association Congress 2016 : 56th Congress : 23-26 August 2016, Vienna, Austria
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. The nexus of entrepreneurship and regional development
    Author: Fischer, Manfred M.; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: June 18, 2018
    Publisher:  WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna

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    VS 369 (2018,5)
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Edition: Revised version: June 18, 2018
    Series: Working papers in regional science ; 2018, 05
    Subjects: Entrepreneurship; definition and measurement issues; spatial aspects of entrepreneurship; regions with an entrepreneurial culture; cluster agglomeration factors; entrepreneurship and networks
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten)
  5. Spatial commuting patterns of German regional labour markets
    a sustainability perspective
    Author: Tedeschi, Federico; Reggiani, Aura; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: [2012]
    Publisher:  Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Department of Economics, Bologna, Italy

    This paper aims to investigate the relationship between commuting and spatial labour market developments in the framework of sustainability issues. To do so, we propose, first, an exploratory investigation of the effects of inbound commuter flows on... more

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    This paper aims to investigate the relationship between commuting and spatial labour market developments in the framework of sustainability issues. To do so, we propose, first, an exploratory investigation of the effects of inbound commuter flows on employment in regional labour markets in Germany. Next, we address sustainability issues as a common umbrella for the relationship 'economy-transportation'. In this context, we show that the German production system is faced with negative environmental externalities, which are clearly associated with a specific transport mode, viz. the private car. Negative environmental externalities as a result of modal choices in Germany are confirmed by data from EU-15 countries. Public transport, in particular the train, appears to be more environmentally-benign. Our results bring to light that, on average, commuter flows have a positive and robust effect on employment in the receiving German labour market districts, while, for commuting flows, public transport, especially the train, is a more environmentally-benign mode of transport, compared with the car, in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. In the light of possible policy strategies, the paper argues that sustainability may lead to positive economic effects; in particular, the improvement of the public transport system, which can provide more opportunities for sustainable commuting patterns, may lead to favourable employment perspectives for the local or regional labour force.

     
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    46
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/159658
    Series: Working paper DSE / Department of Economics, Università di Bologna ; no 819
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Comparative modelling of interregional transport flows
    applications to multimodal European freight transport
    Author: Nijkamp, Peter; Reggiani, Aura; Tsang, Wai Fai
    Published: 1999

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    W 18 (1999,2)
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    Media type: Book
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    Series: Research memorandum / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; 1999,2
    Subjects: Güterverkehr; Verkehrsinfrastruktur; Intermodaler Verkehr; Maut; Europa
    Scope: 21 S., graph. Darst.
  7. A policy scenario analysis of sustainable agricultural development options
    a case study for Nepal
    Author: Lancker, Elly; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: 1999

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    W 18 (1999,3)
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    Series: Research memorandum / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; 1999,3
    Subjects: Nachhaltige Entwicklung; Welt; Landwirtschaft
    Scope: 20 S.
  8. Impact assessment of qualitative policy scenarios
    a comparative case study on land use in Sicily
    Author: Nijkamp, Peter; Vindigni, Gabriella
    Published: 1999

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    W 18 (1999,4)
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    Series: Research memorandum / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; 1999,4
    Subjects: Landnutzung; Sizilien; Landwirtschaft
    Scope: 23 S.
  9. Advances in comparative assessment research in the space-economy
    Author: Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: 1999

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    W 18 (1999,5)
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Series: Research memorandum / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; 1999,5
    Subjects: Regionalplanung; Wirkungsanalyse; Wissenschaftliche Methode; Theorie
    Scope: 19 S., graph. Darst.
  10. Experts on speaking terms with public policy-makers
    a case study on the Ijssel-Vecht Delta
    Author: Gorter, Cees; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: 1999

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    W 18 (1999,6)
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    Series: Research memorandum / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; 1999,6
    Subjects: Regionalplanung; Kommunikation; Informationsverbreitung; Niederlande
    Scope: 19 S., graph. Darst.
  11. The learning capability of regions
    patterns and policies
    Author: Geenhuizen, Marina S. van; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: 1999

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    W 18 (1999,11)
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    Series: Research memorandum / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; 1999,11
    Subjects: Regionalökonomik; Lernprozess; Innovationsdiffusion; Theorie; Europa
    Scope: S. B - W
  12. Intermodal freight terminals
    marketing channels and transport networks
    Author: Wiegmans, Bart W.; Nijkamp, Peter; Masurel, Enno
    Published: 1999

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    W 18 (1999,12)
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    Series: Research memorandum / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; 1999,12
    Subjects: Verkehrsinfrastruktur; Güterverkehr; Intermodaler Verkehr; Theorie; Europa
    Scope: 21 S., graph. Darst.
  13. Experts at arm's length of public policy-makers
    a case study on Utrecht
    Author: Bruinsma, Frank; Nijkamp, Peter; Vreeker, Ron
    Published: 1999

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    W 18 (1999,7)
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    Series: Research memorandum / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; 1999,7
    Subjects: Regionalplanung; Interessenvertretung; Niederlande
    Scope: 22 S., graph. Darst.
  14. Critical success factors for soil remediation policy
    a meta-analytic comparison of Dutch experiences
    Author: Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: 1999

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    W 18 (1999,8)
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    Series: Research memorandum / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; 1999,8
    Scope: 16 S.
  15. Meta-analysis: a methodology for research synthesis
    Author: Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: 1999

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    W 18 (1999,10)
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Media type: Book
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    Series: Research memorandum / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; 1999,10
    Subjects: Wissenschaft; Theorie
    Scope: 9 S.
  16. New explanatory models for analysing spatial innovation
    a comparative investigation
    Author: Reggiani, Aura; Nijkamp, Peter; Sabella, Enrico
    Published: 1998

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    W 899 (98.131)
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    Series: Array ; 98,131
    Subjects: Innovationsdiffusion; Innovation; Neuronale Netze; Niederlande; Italien; Großbritannien; Selbstorganisation
    Scope: 22 S, graph. Darst
  17. Fortunadoss, desperado's and clandestino's in diaspora labour markets
    the circular "homo mobilis"
    Author: Kourtit, Karima; Nijkamp, Peter; Gheasi, Masood
    Published: 2017
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    Demographic patterns in our world (e.g., aging processes, birth and death rates) are increasingly influenced by migration movements. A rising number of people is 'on the move', in search of a better fortune elsewhere. It is noteworthy that nowadays... more

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    Demographic patterns in our world (e.g., aging processes, birth and death rates) are increasingly influenced by migration movements. A rising number of people is 'on the move', in search of a better fortune elsewhere. It is noteworthy that nowadays many migration movements do not show anymore stable patterns, but reflect a high degree of dynamics, for instance, in the form of return migration, circular and temporary migration, or chain migration. There is also a great heterogeneity in the motivations of many migrants that may have significant impacts on the migration choice, the destination place, the migrant's status, and the duration of stay. Consequently, return migration, temporary migration and circular migration have in recent years become important research and policy issues. This note offers a short review of the dilemma's and assessment issues inherent in the effects of non-structural or temporary migrants (so-called 'movers') on host economies. Particular attention will be paid to circular migration policy in Europe as a vehicle to both mitigate temporary tensions on regional labor markets of host economics and to provide a solid base for sustainable growth in the sending countries. Various research and policy challenges are outlined as well.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/156159
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 39
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Look who's talking
    on the heterogeneous returns to foreign language use at work among natives and migrants in Europe
    Author: Wang, Zhiling; Graaff, Thomas de; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: 2017
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    We examine the heterogeneous impacts of foreign language use at work on earnings of both native-born workers and foreign-born workers, using a longitudinal survey, viz. the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) running from 1994 to 2001. Our... more

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    We examine the heterogeneous impacts of foreign language use at work on earnings of both native-born workers and foreign-born workers, using a longitudinal survey, viz. the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) running from 1994 to 2001. Our findings are the following. First, for native-born workers with a tertiary diploma, using a foreign language at work is found to have an unambiguously positive impact on their earnings (2% on average). Second, for foreign-born workers, returns to foreign language use at work is highly complementary to education. Foreign language users below the upper secondary educational level earn significantly less (¡8%) than those who use the local language at work. Third, with regard to language types, a linguistically distant foreign language gives native-born workers the highest wage premium, while the use of EU official languages pays off the most for foreign-born workers. Fourth, our results do not show evidence that the lack of local language knowledge of low-educated migrants causes these results, as immigrants for whom themother tongue is similar to the local language show a similar pattern.

     
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    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/167615
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 104
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Shacklean uncertainty and cultural embeddedness as innovation constraints in the UK
    Author: Tubadji, Annie; Nijkamp, Peter; Santarelli, Enrico
    Published: 2017
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    We focus on both individual and local uncertainty to explain the innovation potential of entrepreneurs in the NUTS1 UK regions in 2005 and 2009. The 'potential surprise function' (Shackle, 1949) clarifying why sometimes promising business choices are... more

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    We focus on both individual and local uncertainty to explain the innovation potential of entrepreneurs in the NUTS1 UK regions in 2005 and 2009. The 'potential surprise function' (Shackle, 1949) clarifying why sometimes promising business choices are truncated is taken as a determinant of an entrepreneur's innovation decision. GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) data and data on psychological types are used in the empirical analysis. The econometric estimation strategy addresses both the issue of selection bias (due to uncertainty) and that of zero-inflated data (i.e., presence of only a few highly innovative actors in comparison to the majority in our sample). Findings suggest that local uncertainty is the predominant determinant of individual entrepreneurial choice. The regional effect appears to amount to about 4% of the innovation differences across NUTS1 UK regions, while almost one third of it is determined by the local level of uncertainty bias. Thus, the novelty of the present study is that it shows how differences in local cultural tolerance to uncertainty may explain differences in the quantity of truncated innovative ideas among localities.

     
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/167707
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 111
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. New evidence on the wage curve
    non-linearities, urban size, and spatial scale in Brazil
    Author: Barufi, Ana Maria Bonomi; Haddad, Eduardo Amaral; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: [2016]
    Publisher:  FEA/USP, São Paulo

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    Series: Working paper series / Department of Economics-FEA/USP ; no 2016, 39
    Subjects: Lohnkurve; Regionaler Arbeitsmarkt; Informelle Wirtschaft; Ballungsraum; Brasilien
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Did Zipf anticipate socio-economic spatial networks?
    Author: Reggiani, Aura; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: [2012]
    Publisher:  Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Department of Economics, Bologna, Italy

    An avalanche of empirical studies has addressed the validity of the rank-size rule (or Zipf's law) in a multi-city context in many countries. City size in most countries seems to obey Zipf's law, but the question under which conditions (e.g. sample... more

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    An avalanche of empirical studies has addressed the validity of the rank-size rule (or Zipf's law) in a multi-city context in many countries. City size in most countries seems to obey Zipf's law, but the question under which conditions (e.g. sample size, spatial scale) this 'law' holds remained largely underinvestigated. Another complementary question is whether socio-economic networks in space also show a similar hierarchical pattern. Against this background, the present paper investigates - from a methodological viewpoint - the relationship between network connectivity and the rank-size rule (or Zipf's law) in an urban-economic network constellation. After a review of the literature, we address in particular the following methodological issues: (i) the (aggregate) behavioural foundation underlying the rank-size rule/Zipf's law in the light of spatial-economic network theories (e.g. entropy maximization, spatial interaction theory, etc.); (ii) the nature of the analytical relationship between social-spatial network analysis and the rank-size rule/Zipf's law. We argue that the rank size rule is compatible with conventional economic foundations of spatial network models. Consequently, a spatial-economic interpretation - as well as a network connectivity interpretation - of the rank-size rule coefficient is provided. Our methodological contribution forms the foundation for the subsequent empirical analysis applied to spatial networks in a socio-economic context. The aim here is to test the sensitivity of empirical findings for changes in scale, functional forms, time periods, and network structures. Our application is concerned with an extensive spatio-temporal panel database related to the evolution of urban population in Germany. We test the relevance of the rank-size rule/Zipf's law, and its evolution over the years, and - in parallel - the related 'socio-economic' connectivity in these urban networks. In particular, we will show that Zipf's law (i.e., with the rank-size coefficient equal to 1) is only valid under particular conditions of the sample size. The paper concludes with some retrospective and prospective remarks.

     
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    46
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/159655
    Series: Working paper DSE / Department of Economics, Università di Bologna ; no 816
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Industrial scope of agglomeration economies in Brazil
    Author: Barufi, Ana Maria Bonomi; Haddad, Eduardo Amaral; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: 2015
    Publisher:  FEA/USP, São Paulo

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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    Series: Working paper series / Department of Economics-FEA/USP ; no 2015, 13
    Subjects: Agglomerationseffekt; Produktivitätsentwicklung; Stadtentwicklung; Brasilien
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. A preference allocation-DFM model in Data Envelopment Analysis
    an application to Energy-Environment-Economic efficiency in Japan-
    Author: Suzuki, Soushi; Nijkamp, Peter; Rietveld, Piet
    Published: [2012]
    Publisher:  European Regional Science Association, [Louvain-la-Neuve]

    Japan is faced with a gFukushima f problem, meaning a nuclear accident leading to electrical power shortage. This problem relates to a non-balanced gEnergy-Environment-Economic h policy which does not, but should incorporate gelectrical power... more

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    Japan is faced with a gFukushima f problem, meaning a nuclear accident leading to electrical power shortage. This problem relates to a non-balanced gEnergy-Environment-Economic h policy which does not, but should incorporate gelectrical power saving h, glow carbon emission h, and geconomic growth h. Although it is difficult at this stage, it is necessary to make an effort to achieve more balanced and more efficient gEnergy-Environment-Economic h policy in Japan, even if Japan decides to withdraw from the COP (Conference of Parties of United Nations Conventions) 17. A standard tool to judge the efficiency of actors (decision making units) is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The existence of many possible efficiency improvement solutions has in recent years prompted a -rich variety of literature on the methodological integration of the MOLP (Multiple Objective Linear Programming) and the DEA models. In the past years, much progress has been made to extend this approach in several directions. An example is the Distance Friction Minimization (DFM) method. The DFM model is based on a generalized distance friction function and serves to improve the performance of a Decision Making Unit (DMU) by identifying the most appropriate movement towards the efficiency frontier surface. Standard DEA models use a uniform proportional input reduction (or a uniform proportional output increase) in the improvement projections, but the DFM approach aims to enhance efficiency strategies by introducing a weighted projection function. This approach may address both input reduction and output increase as a strategy of a DMU. An advantage of this model is that there is no need to incorporate the value judgment of a decision maker. Nevertheless, in order to achieve efficiency improvement in Japan fs gEnergy-Environment-Economic h policy at a regional level, it might be necessary to incorporate a value judgment of a policy maker on political priorities. In our study, we present a newly developed Preference Allocation model in DFM, which is suitable to incorporate a decision maker fs value judgment for the allocation of an input reduction and an output augmentation in an efficiency improvement projection. The above-mentioned Preference Allocation model is illustrated on the basis of an application to the efficiency analysis of gEnergy-Environment-Economic h for each prefecture in Japan.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/120553
    Series: Regions in motion : breaking the path : 52nd ERSA Congress : 21 - 25 August 2012, Bratislava, Slovakia / European Congress of the Regional Science; Central European Regional Science
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Cultural diversity and cultural distance as choice determinants of migration destination
    Author: Wang, Zhiling; Graaff, Thomas de; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: July 2, 2014
    Publisher:  European Regional Science Association, [Louvain-la-Neuve]

    This study analyses the impact of cultural composition on regional attractiveness from the perspective of migrant sorting behaviour. We use an attitudinal survey to quantify cultural distances between natives and immigrants in the area concerned, and... more

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    This study analyses the impact of cultural composition on regional attractiveness from the perspective of migrant sorting behaviour. We use an attitudinal survey to quantify cultural distances between natives and immigrants in the area concerned, and estimate the migrants' varying preferences for both cultural diversity and cultural distance. To account for regional unobserved heterogeneity, our econometric analysis employs artificial instrumental variables, as developed by Bayer et al. (2004a). The main conclusions are twofold. On the one hand, cultural diversity increases regional attractiveness. On the other hand, average cultural distance greatly weakens regional attractiveness, even when the presence of network effect is controlled for.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/124457
    Series: Regional development & globalisation : best practices : 54th ERSA Congress : Saint Petersburg, Russia, 26-29 August 2014
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. A comparative analysis of Gibrat's and Zipf's Law on urban population
    Author: Modica, Marco; Reggiani, Aura; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: [2015]
    Publisher:  Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Department of Economics, Bologna, Italy

    The regional economics and geography literature on urban population size has in recent years shown interesting conceptual and methodological contributions on the validity of Gibrat's Law and Zipf's Law. Despite distinct modeling features, they... more

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    The regional economics and geography literature on urban population size has in recent years shown interesting conceptual and methodological contributions on the validity of Gibrat's Law and Zipf's Law. Despite distinct modeling features, they express similar fundamental characteristics in an equilibrium situation. Zipf's law is formalized in a static form, while its associated dynamic process is articulated by Gibrat's Law. Thus, it is likely that both Zipf's Law and Gibrat's Law share a common root. Unfortunately, empirical investigations on the direct relationship between Gibrat's Law and Zipf's Law are rather rare and not conclusive. The present paper aims to answer the question whether (a generalisation of) Gibrat's Law allows us to infer Zipf's Law, and vice versa? In our conceptual and applied framework, particular attention will be paid to the role of the mean and the variance of city population as key indicators for assessing the (non-) validity of the generalised Gibrat's Law. Our empirical experiments are based on a comparative analysis between the dynamics of the urban population of four countries with entirely mutually contrasting spatial-economic and geographic characteristics: Botswana, Germany, Hungary and Luxembourg. We arrive at the following results: if (i) the mean is independent of city size (first necessary condition of Gibrat's law) and (ii) the coefficient of the rank-size rule/Zipf's Law is different from one, then the variance is dependent on city size.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/159846
    Series: Working paper DSE / Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Department of Economics ; no 1008
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten)