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  1. Income and differential fertility
    evidence from oil price shocks
    Author: Hailemariam, Abebe
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    This paper examines the effect of national income on the total fertility rate (children born per woman). We estimate the effects on fertility of shocks to national per capita income using plausibly exogenous variations in oil price shock as an... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 565
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    This paper examines the effect of national income on the total fertility rate (children born per woman). We estimate the effects on fertility of shocks to national per capita income using plausibly exogenous variations in oil price shock as an instrument for income and using instrumental variable generalized quantile regressions (IV-GQR). Using data for a panel of 122 countries spanning the period 1965-2020, our results show that national per capita income has has generally a negative and significant effect on the total fertility rate. Looking at the entire spectrum of the fertility distribution, the IVGQR estimates exhibit considerable heterogeneity in the impact of income on fertility. The income elasticity of fertility is relatively low at the upper tail of the distribution (for countries with high fertility) compared to the value at the median.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/253547
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 1089
    Subjects: National income; differential fertility; mortality; oil price shock; instrumentalvariable generalized quantile regressions
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Republic of Congo
    request for a three-year arrangement under the exted credit facility : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Congo
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    A new wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is creating headwinds for the nascent economic recovery from the deep recession spurred by the pandemic's onset and related oil price shocks. Over the medium term, reforms supporting improved governance, economic... more

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    A new wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is creating headwinds for the nascent economic recovery from the deep recession spurred by the pandemic's onset and related oil price shocks. Over the medium term, reforms supporting improved governance, economic diversification, and resilience will help confront challenges from climate change, and the global transition to low-carbon economies-gradually resulting in improved incomes, job creation, inequality, and exit from fragility. In the near term, fiscal space to address these challenges is limited. Although debt sustainability was recently restored, large liquidity risks and vulnerabilities remain. Due to arrears and on-going negotiations with an external commercial creditor, debt is classified as "in distress". The recent AIV consultation concluded on September 24, 2021

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9798400202681
    Other identifier:
    Series: IMF country report ; no. 22, 49
    Subjects: Congolese authorities; government website; financing gap; debt vulnerability; support economic recovery; oil price shock; clearing arrears; Arrears; Oil; gas and mining taxes; Fiscal stance; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 112 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Republic of Congo
    request for a three-year arrangement under the exted credit facility : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Congo
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    A new wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is creating headwinds for the nascent economic recovery from the deep recession spurred by the pandemic's onset and related oil price shocks. Over the medium term, reforms supporting improved governance, economic... more

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    A new wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is creating headwinds for the nascent economic recovery from the deep recession spurred by the pandemic's onset and related oil price shocks. Over the medium term, reforms supporting improved governance, economic diversification, and resilience will help confront challenges from climate change, and the global transition to low-carbon economies-gradually resulting in improved incomes, job creation, inequality, and exit from fragility. In the near term, fiscal space to address these challenges is limited. Although debt sustainability was recently restored, large liquidity risks and vulnerabilities remain. Due to arrears and on-going negotiations with an external commercial creditor, debt is classified as "in distress". The recent AIV consultation concluded on September 24, 2021

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9798400202681
    Other identifier:
    Series: IMF country report ; no. 22, 49
    Subjects: Congolese authorities; government website; financing gap; debt vulnerability; support economic recovery; oil price shock; clearing arrears; Arrears; Oil; gas and mining taxes; Fiscal stance; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 112 Seiten), Illustrationen