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  1. Inequality and income dynamics in Germany
    Author: Drechsel-Grau, Moritz; Peichl, Andreas; Schmieder, Johannes; Schmid, Kai D.; Walz, Hannes; Wolter, Stefanie
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We provide a comprehensive analysis of income inequality and income dynamics for Germany over the last two decades. Combining personal income tax and social security data allows us - for the first time - to offer a complete picture of the... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 63
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    We provide a comprehensive analysis of income inequality and income dynamics for Germany over the last two decades. Combining personal income tax and social security data allows us - for the first time - to offer a complete picture of the distribution of annual earnings in Germany. We find that cross-sectional inequality rose until 2009 for men and women. After the Great Recession inequality continued to rise at a slower rate for men and fell slightly for women due to compression at the lower tail. We further document substantial gender differences in average earnings and inequality over the life-cycle. While for men earnings rise and inequality falls as they grow older, many women reduce working hours when starting a family such that average earnings fall and inequality increases. Men's earnings changes are on average smaller than women's but are substantially more affected by the business cycle. During the Great Recession, men's earnings losses become magnified and gains are attenuated. Apart from recession years, earnings changes are significantly right-skewed reflecting the good overall state of the German labor market and increasing labor supply. In the second part of the paper, we study the distribution of total income including incomes of self-employed, business owners, and landlords. We find that total inequality increased significantly more than earnings inequality. Regarding income dynamics, entrepreneurs’ income changes are more dispersed, less skewed, less leptokurtic and less dependent on average past income than workers' income changes. Finally, we find that top income earners have become less likely to fall out of the top 1 and 0.1 percent.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/252122
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9605 (2022)
    Subjects: inequality; income dynamics; mobility; non-labor income
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 143 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Inequality and income dynamics in Germany
    Author: Drechsel-Grau, Moritz; Peichl, Andreas; Schmieder, Johannes; Schmid, Kai D.; Walz, Hannes; Wolter, Stefanie
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We provide a comprehensive analysis of income inequality and income dynamics for Germany over the last two decades. Combining personal income tax and social security data allows us - for the first time - to offer a complete picture of the... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    We provide a comprehensive analysis of income inequality and income dynamics for Germany over the last two decades. Combining personal income tax and social security data allows us - for the first time - to offer a complete picture of the distribution of annual earnings in Germany. We find that cross-sectional inequality rose until 2009 for men and women. After the Great Recession inequality continued to rise at a slower rate for men and fell slightly for women due to compression at the lower tail. We further document substantial gender differences in average earnings and inequality over the life-cycle. While for men earnings rise and inequality falls as they grow older, many women reduce working hours when starting a family such that average earnings fall and inequality increases. Men's earnings changes are on average smaller than women's but are substantially more affected by the business cycle. During the Great Recession, men's earnings losses become magnified and gains are attenuated. Apart from recession years, earnings changes are significantly right-skewed reflecting the good overall state of the German labor market and increasing labor supply. In the second part of the paper, we study the distribution of total income including incomes of self-employed, business owners, and landlords. We find that total inequality increased significantly more than earnings inequality. Regarding income dynamics, entrepreneurs' income changes are more dispersed, less skewed, less leptokurtic and less dependent on average past income than workers' income changes. Finally, we find that top income earners have become less likely to fall out of the top 1 and 0.1 percent.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/252239
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15115
    Subjects: inequality; income dynamics; mobility; non-labor income
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 142 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Income risk inequality
    evidence from Spanish administrative records
    Author: Arellano, Manuel; Bonhomme, Stéphane; De Vera, Micole; Hospido, Laura; Wei, Siqi
    Published: September 2021
    Publisher:  Centro de estudios monetarios y financieros, Madrid, Spain

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / CEMFI ; 2109
    Subjects: Spain; income dynamics; administrative data; income risk; inequality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 106 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Income risk inequality
    evidence from Spanish administrative records
    Author: Arellano, Manuel; Bonhomme, Stéphane; De Vera, Micole; Hospido, Laura; Wei, Siqi
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    In this paper we use administrative data from the social security to study income dynamics and income risk inequality in Spain between 2005 and 2018. We construct individual measures of income risk as functions of past employment history, income, and... more

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    DS 141
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    In this paper we use administrative data from the social security to study income dynamics and income risk inequality in Spain between 2005 and 2018. We construct individual measures of income risk as functions of past employment history, income, and demographics. Focusing on males, we document that income risk is highly unequal in Spain: more than half of the economy has close to perfect predictability of their income, while some face considerable uncertainty. Income risk is inversely related to income and age, and income risk inequality increases markedly in the recession. These findings are robust to a variety of specifications, including using neural networks for prediction and allowing for individual unobserved heterogeneity.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/249692
    Series: Working paper / lnstitute for Fiscal Studies ; 21, 37
    Subjects: Spain; income dynamics; administrative data; income risk; inequality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 105 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Income risk inequality
    evidence from Spanish administrative records
    Author: Arellano, Manuel; Bonhomme, Stéphane; De Vera, Micole; Hospido, Laura; Wei, Siqi
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Banco de España, Madrid

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    VS 470
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Documentos de trabajo / Banco de España, Eurosistema ; no. 2136
    Subjects: Spain; income dynamics; administrative data; income risk; inequality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 98 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. High frequency income dynamics
    Author: Druedahl, Jeppe; Graber, Michael; Jørgensen, Thomas H.
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  CEBI, Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen

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    Signature:
    VS 731
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/258952
    Series: CEBI working paper series ; 21, 08
    Subjects: Consumption-saving; income dynamics; panel data models
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Using census, social security and tax data from the Multi-Agency Data Integration Project (MADIP) to impute the complete Australian income distribution
    Author: Biddle, Nicholas; Marasinghe, Dinith
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Australian National University, Canberra

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: TTPI - working papers ; 2021, 8 (April 2021)
    Subjects: MADIP data; machine learning; model validation and selection; imputation; income distributions; income dynamics
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Progressive income-contingent student loans
    Author: Hua, Yue; Kudrna, George
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  CEPAR, ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research, [Kensington, NSW]

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / CEPAR, ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research ; 2024, 04
    Subjects: Student loans; income-contingent repayment; income dynamics; heterogeneous-agent life-cycle model
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Annual and lifetime incidence of the value-added tax in France
    Author: Georges-Kot, Simon
    Published: Septembre 2015
    Publisher:  INSEE, Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques, Malakoff

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Document de travail / Direction des études et synthèses économiques ; G 2015/12
    Subjects: consumption dynamics; income dynamics; value-added tax; life cycle
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen