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  1. Characteristics of special purpose entities in measures of U.S. direct investment abroad
    Published: October 2015
    Publisher:  [U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis], [Washington, DC]

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: [BEA working papers] ; [WP2016, 2]
    Subjects: production; cost; national income and product accounts; foreign direct investment; multinational firms; globalization
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Einschlagstopp in alten, naturnahen Buchenwäldern im öffentlichen Besitz
    Definition, Vorkommen, Inventur-Kennzahlen, Gefährdung und ökonomische Bewertung
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei, Braunschweig

    Der Koalitionsvertrag der Bundesregierung sieht vor, dass der Einschlag in alten, naturnahen Buchenwäldern im öffentlichen Besitz gestoppt werden soll (SPD/Grüne/FDP 2021, Zeile 1219-1220). Im vorliegenden Thünen Working Paper werde für alte,... more

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    Der Koalitionsvertrag der Bundesregierung sieht vor, dass der Einschlag in alten, naturnahen Buchenwäldern im öffentlichen Besitz gestoppt werden soll (SPD/Grüne/FDP 2021, Zeile 1219-1220). Im vorliegenden Thünen Working Paper werde für alte, naturnahe Buchenwälder mögliche Definitionen und deren Vorkommen aufgezeigt, zentrale Inventur-Kennzahlen zu diesen Wäldern vorgestellt, mögliche Gefährdungen beschrieben und ökonomische Bewertungen durchgeführt. Wir schlagen folgende Definition vor, um den Begriff „alter, naturnaher Buchenwälder“ zu operationalisieren: Wälder mit (1) >75 % Buchenanteil an der Grundfläche, (2) einem Mindestalter von 140 Jahren, (3) Vorkommen auf heute buchengeeigneten Standorten (inklusive Risikostandorte) und (4) einer Mindestfläche von 1 ha. Nähere Erläuterungen zu den Kriterien findet sich in Abschnitt 3.1. Ohne das Mindestflächen-Kriterium umfasst die Fläche alter, naturnaher Buchenwälder 205.200 ha; zieht man alle vier obengenannten Kriterien heran, dann verbleiben grob geschätzt 168.300 ha mit einer Mindestfläche von 1 ha. The coalition agreement of the German government stipulates that logging in old, near-natural beech forests in public ownership should be stopped (SPD/Grüne/FDP 2021, line 1219-1220). In this Thünen Working Paper, possible definitions and their occurrence are presented for old, near-natural beech forests, central inventory key figures for these forests are presented, possible threats are described and economic evaluations are carried out. We propose the following definition to operationalise the term "old, near-natural beech forests": forests with (1) >75 % beech share of the basal area, (2) a minimum age of 140 years, (3) occurrence at sites currently suitable for beech (inclusive risk area) and (4) a minimum area of 1 ha. More detailed explanations of the criteria can be found in section 3.1. Without the minimum area criterion, the area of old, near-natural beech forests comprises 205,200 ha; if all four of the above criteria are considered, then a rough estimate of 168,300 ha with a minimum area of 1 ha remains.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: German
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263238
    Series: Thünen working paper ; 197
    Subjects: alte Buchenwälder; Kennzahlen; Deutschland; Stilllegung; Kosten; Nutzen; old beech forests; key figures; Germany; set-aside; cost; benefit
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. The fiscal effect of immigration
    reducing bias in influential estimates
    Published: September 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Immigration policy can have important net fiscal effects that vary by immigrants' skill level. But mainstream methods to estimate these effects are problematic. Methods based on cashflow accounting offer precision at the cost of bias; methods based... more

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    Immigration policy can have important net fiscal effects that vary by immigrants' skill level. But mainstream methods to estimate these effects are problematic. Methods based on cashflow accounting offer precision at the cost of bias; methods based on general equilibrium modeling address bias with limited precision and transparency. A simple adjustment greatly reduces bias in the most influential and precise estimates: conservatively accounting for capital taxes paid by the employers of immigrant labor. The adjustment is required by firms' profit-maximizing behavior, unconnected to general equilibrium effects. Adjusted estimates of the positive net fiscal impact of average recent U.S. immigrants rise by a factor of 3.2, with a much shallower education gradient. They are positive even for an average recent immigrant with less than high school education, whose presence causes a present-value subsidy of at least $128,000 to all other taxpayers collectively.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265813
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15592
    Subjects: Einwanderung; Arbeitsmigranten; Wirkungsanalyse; Steuereinnahmen; Schätzung; USA; immigration; fiscal; tax; revenue; budget; deficit; surplus; capital; cost; benefit; dividend; subsidy; burden; social security; welfare; outlays; balance; foreign; skill; government; public
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. How to not miss a productivity revival once again?
    Published: November 2020
    Publisher:  National Institute of Economic and Social Research, London

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NIESR discussion paper ; no. 518 (5 November 2020)
    Subjects: production; cost; capital; multifactor and total factor productivity; capacity; measurement of economic growth; aggregate productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen