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Displaying results 1 to 25 of 27.

  1. Tax progressivity and self-employment dynamics
    Author: Arulampalam, Wiji; Papini, Andrea
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Oxford University Centre for Business Taxation, Oxford

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper series / Oxford University Centre for Business Taxation ; WP 18, 18 (July 2018)
    Subjects: Tax progressivity; Income tax; Self-employment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. The effects of the 1986 and 1993 tax reforms on self-employment
    Author: Moore, Kevin
    Published: 2004
    Publisher:  Div. of Research & Statistics and Monetary Affairs, Federal Reserve Board, Washington, DC

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    Series: Finance and economics discussion series ; 2004-05
    Subjects: Steuerreform; Selbstständige; USA; Self-employment
    Scope: 47 S
    Notes:
  3. Do the self-employed underreport their income?
    evidence from Japanese Panel Data
    Author: Niizeki, Takeshi; Hamaaki, Junya
    Published: September 2021
    Publisher:  Economic and Social Research Institute, Cabinet Office, Tokyo, Japan

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: ESRI discussion paper series ; no. 366
    Subjects: Income underreporting; Self-employment; Engel curves; Life-cycle/permanent income hypothesis
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Personality and self-employment
    a journey into the craft's way of doing business
    Author: Runst, Petrik; Thomä, Jörg
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Volkswirtschaftliches Institut für Mittelstand und Handwerk an der Universität Göttingen e.V., Göttingen

    The renewed scholarly interest in the craft-based mode of competition, work, learning and innovation suggests that there are some unique aspects of the craft's way of doing business. Using a large panel data set, the present paper takes a closer look... more

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    The renewed scholarly interest in the craft-based mode of competition, work, learning and innovation suggests that there are some unique aspects of the craft's way of doing business. Using a large panel data set, the present paper takes a closer look at this issue by examining the personality characteristics of business owners. Our results confirm that an individual's personality affects the likelihood of self-employment, but certain traits have a different effect in the case of crafts vis-à-vis non-crafts. We interpret this as evidence for the specificity of the 'crafts' at the fundamental level of human personality. Thus, personality traits can influence self-employment decisions differently, depending on the sector or field of entrepreneurship. The paper concludes with implications for policy and research.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/270882
    Edition: Updated version
    Series: ifh working paper ; no. 38 (2023)
    Subjects: Crafts; Self-employment; Personality; crafts entrepreneurship; craftsmanship
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 17 Seiten)
  5. Gründungen von Minderjährigen - Verbreitung und Charakteristika
    Author: Bijedić, Teita; Löher, Jonas; Schneck, Stefan; Suprinovič, Olga
    Published: April 2023
    Publisher:  Institut für Mittelstandsforschung Bonn, Bonn

    Diese explorative Studie beleuchtet erstmals auf Basis des Taxpayer-Panels sowie selbst erhobener Daten die unternehmerische Selbstständigkeit von Minderjährigen. Es zeigt sich, dass es sich um ein Randphänomen handelt: Schätzungsweise 290 bis 610... more

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    Diese explorative Studie beleuchtet erstmals auf Basis des Taxpayer-Panels sowie selbst erhobener Daten die unternehmerische Selbstständigkeit von Minderjährigen. Es zeigt sich, dass es sich um ein Randphänomen handelt: Schätzungsweise 290 bis 610 Minderjährige realisieren jährlich eine Gründung. Sie erzielen i.d.R. geringfügige Einkünfte, ihre Gründungen haben somit Nebenerwerbscharakter und sind häufig im Bereich internetbasierter Dienstleistungen angesiedelt. Die Gründung dient vor allem dem Ausprobieren, dem Kompetenzerwerb und der persönlichen Weiterentwicklung. Die im Elternhaus vermittelten Werte befördern den Schritt in die Selbstständigkeit, für die Umsetzung sind zudem Mentoren und Vorbilder bedeutsam. Institutionelle Einflüsse (Behörden, Schule) wirken eher entmutigend. Das gilt insbesondere für das Ermächtigungsverfahren am Familiengericht. Von einer Standardisierung des Verfahrens würden alle involvierten Akteure profitieren. We examine the entrepreneurial self-employment of minors based on the taxpayer panel of the statistical offices and a self-conducted survey. In 2017 around 4.200 minors were selfemployed (i.e., they gained income from profits, including asset transfer). About 290 to 610 minors start their own business in Germany every year. These are usually low-scale, sideline businesses, often in internet-based service industries. To gain an in-depth view of the start-up process and minors' founder personalities, we interviewed selected founders and experts. As for minor entrepreneurs, setting up a business is primarily about trying new things, building business skills, and personal development. Parental role models and values transported in the family foster entrepreneurial intention, while mentors and role models support implementation. Institutional influences (authorities, school) tend to have an unfortunate effect on the entrepreneurial intentions of minors. In particular, the legal process of authorization to conduct business holds potential for improvement.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Braun, Simone (MitwirkendeR)
    Language: German
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/271099
    Series: IfM-Materialien ; Nr. 298
    Subjects: Selbstständigkeit; Gründungen; Minderjährige; Deutschland; Self-employment; start-ups; minors; teenpreneurs; Germany
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Minimum wages in the presence of wage and non-wage sectors in India
    an exploratory analysis of the non-farm sector
    Author: Sharma, Mohit; Viswanathan, Brinda
    Published: July 2022
    Publisher:  Madras School of Economics, Chennai, India

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    Language: English
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    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Madras School of Economics ; 225 (2022)
    Subjects: Minimum wage; Informality; Self-employment; Lighthouse effect; India
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Self-employment within the firm
    Author: Bassi, Vittorio; Lee, Jay; Peter, Alessandra; Porzio, Tommaso; Sen, Ritwika; Tugume, Esau
    Published: 26 September 2023
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP18487
    Subjects: Self-employment; Economic development; Macroeconomics; Firm organization
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 106 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Global labor market power
    Author: Amodio, Francesco; Brancati, Emanuele; Brummund, Peter; Roux, Nicolás de; Di Maio, Michele
    Published: 12 February 2024
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

    We estimate the labor market power of over 13,000 manufacturing establishments across 82 low and middle-income countries around the world. Within local labor markets, larger and more productive firms have higher wage markdowns and pay lower wages.... more

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    We estimate the labor market power of over 13,000 manufacturing establishments across 82 low and middle-income countries around the world. Within local labor markets, larger and more productive firms have higher wage markdowns and pay lower wages. Labor market power across countries exhibits a mild non-linear relationship with GDP per capita, entirely driven by a strong hump-shaped relationship with the share of self-employed workers. Labor market institutions fully account for the hump shape: in countries with unemployment protection, wage markdowns increase with the share of self-employment while the opposite is true in countries without it. We explain this finding through the lens of a simple oligopsonistic labor market model with frictions. Self-employment prevalence correlates with the elasticity of labor supply to the wage paid, and labor market institutions can change the sign of this relationship.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP18828
    Subjects: Labor market power; Self-employment; Development; Labor market institutions
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Being your own boss
    the many faces of self-employment
    Author: Lenton, Pamela
    Published: 2017
    Publisher:  The University of Sheffield, Department of Economics, Sheffield, UK

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    VS 202 (2017,3)
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Sheffield economic research paper series ; SERPS no. 2017003 (January 2017)
    Subjects: Self-employment; Dynamic multinomial choice; Initial conditions
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. The ins and outs of self-employment
    an estimate of business cycle and trend effects
    Author: Schweitzer, Mark E.; Shane, Scott Andrew
    Published: September 2016
    Publisher:  Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, [Cleveland, OH]

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    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland ; 16, 21
    Subjects: Business Cycle; Self-employment; Entrepreneurship; Mobility
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Resilient entrepreneurs?
    revisiting the relationship between the Big Five and self-employment
    Author: Runst, Petrik; Thomä, Jörg
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Volkswirtschaftliches Institut für Mittelstand und Handwerk an der Universität Göttingen e.V., Göttingen

    Based on a trait-oriented approach, Big Five personality traits have been repeatedly shown to affect entrepreneurial action. In the last two decades, a new literature stream on the Big Five has emerged in the field of psychology that has partly moved... more

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    Based on a trait-oriented approach, Big Five personality traits have been repeatedly shown to affect entrepreneurial action. In the last two decades, a new literature stream on the Big Five has emerged in the field of psychology that has partly moved away from a traitbased perspective towards a person-centered approach, suggesting that multiple stable combinations of traits form individual personalities. We examine the relationship between this prototyping approach and entrepreneurship. Moreover, we compare prototyping with entrepreneurial profiling, another person-oriented approach to the Big Five, which assumes that low levels of agreeableness and high levels of all other traits describe a particular entrepreneurship-prone personality. By using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), we show that at least three prototypes can be identified, one of which - the resilient type - can be hypothesized to significantly increase the likelihood of entrepreneurial action. Our regression results provide evidence of a positive impact of the resilient type on the likelihood of and transitioning into self-employment but not the likelihood of exit. We also show that the prototyping approach explains individual self-employment decisions over and above what can already be explained by the profiling approach. Thus, the entrepreneurial profile tends to ignore a relatively large number of individuals who exhibit certain combinations of traits predisposing them to become entrepreneurs. In the context of entrepreneurship, profiling should therefore only be seen as a first step on the way from the usual trait-based to a person-oriented view of the Big Five.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/251222
    Series: ifh working paper ; no. 34 (2022)
    Subjects: Entrepreneurship; Self-employment; Big Five; Personality; Prototypes; Profiles
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Pandemic depression
    COVID-19 and the mental health of the self-employed
    Author: Caliendo, Marco; Graeber, Daniel; Kritikos, Alexander; Seebauer, Johannes
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  DIW Berlin, Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Berlin

    We investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-employed people’s mental health. Using representative longitudinal survey data from Germany, we reveal differential effects by gender: whereas self-employed women experienced a substantial... more

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    We investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-employed people’s mental health. Using representative longitudinal survey data from Germany, we reveal differential effects by gender: whereas self-employed women experienced a substantial deterioration in their mental health, self-employed men displayed no significant changes up to early 2021. Financial losses are important in explaining these differences. In addition, we find larger mental health responses among self-employed women who were directly affected by government-imposed restrictions and bore an increased childcare burden due to school and daycare closures. We also find that self-employed individuals who are more resilient coped better with the crisis.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/253651
    Series: Discussion papers / Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung ; 2002
    Subjects: Self-employment; COVID-19; mental health; gender; representative longitudinal survey data; PHQ-4 score; resilience
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 69 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. The transformation of self employment
    Author: Colaiacovo, Innessa; Dalton, Margaret; Pekkala Kerr, Sari; Kerr, William R.
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  U.S. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies, Washington, DC

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working papers / Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau ; 22, 03 (February 2022)
    Subjects: Self-employment; small business; entrepreneurship; startup investment; occupational choice; financing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Are all self-employed happy?
    Author: Meer, Peter H. van der
    Published: March 2022
    Publisher:  Research Institute SOM, Faculty of Economics & Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: [SOM research reports] / SOM ; 2022, 003-OB
    Subjects: Self-employment; subjective well-being; job satisfaction; precarious employment; meaning of the job; entrepreneurship
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten)
  15. The effects of uber diffusion on the mental health of drivers
    Author: Apouey, Bénédicte H.; Stabile, Mark
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  INSEAD, [Fontainebleau]

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Edition: Revised version of 2021/16/EPS
    Series: Array ; 2022, 23
    Subjects: Mental health; Self-employment; Gig economy; Uber
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Labor market power, self-employment, and development
    Author: Amodio, Francesco; Medina, Pamela; Morlacco, Monica
    Published: 28 September 2022
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP17543
    Subjects: Development; Monopsony; Sorting; Self-employment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Rediscovering the craft entrepreneur
    a personality approach
    Author: Runst, Petrik; Thomä, Jörg
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Volkswirtschaftliches Institut für Mittelstand und Handwerk an der Universität Göttingen e.V., Göttingen

    Personality is a key driver of self-employment decisions. For this reason, the personality traits of entrepreneurs or business owners have been repeatedly studied in previous research. This paper extends this literature by focusing on the craft... more

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    Personality is a key driver of self-employment decisions. For this reason, the personality traits of entrepreneurs or business owners have been repeatedly studied in previous research. This paper extends this literature by focusing on the craft entrepreneur - as a classic form of strategic entrepreneurship. Based on a large, representative German household panel data set, we show that the entrepreneurial type mediates the effect of broad (Big Five) and narrow personality traits (locus of control, risk tolerance) on the likelihood of being self-employed. Our results support the conventional distinction between craft entrepreneurs from other types of entrepreneurship. The paper concludes with implications for policy and research.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/266149
    Series: ifh working paper ; no. 38 (2022)
    Subjects: Entrepreneurship; Craft entrepreneur; Self-employment; Big Five; Personality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 17 Seiten)
    Notes:

    Datei gelöscht auf Wunsch der herausgebenden Institution
  18. The effects of Uber diffusion on mental health
    Author: Apouey, Bénédicte H.; Stabile, Mark
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  INSEAD, [Fontainebleau]

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Edition: Revised version of 2020/12/EPS
    Series: Array ; 2021, 16
    Subjects: Mental health; Self-employment; Gig economy; Uber
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Macroeconomic contractions during impressionable years and entrepreneurship in later adulthood
    Author: Sotirakopoulos, Panagiotis; Guven, Cahit; Ulker, Aydogan; Graham, Carol
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    We argue that past events experienced during the critical ages of 18-25 can influence an individual's future entrepreneurship based on the "impressionable years hypothesis". Accordingly, we empirically investigate the relationship between bad... more

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    We argue that past events experienced during the critical ages of 18-25 can influence an individual's future entrepreneurship based on the "impressionable years hypothesis". Accordingly, we empirically investigate the relationship between bad economic conditions during youth and later-life entrepreneurship using Gallup from 2009 to 2014. The identification is achieved through variations across 77 countries and age cohorts born between 1954 and 1989. Our findings indicate that bad economic conditions when young can significantly predict higher entrepreneurship in later life. For example, experiencing at least one economic contraction during youth increases future self-employment/business ownership propensities by about 6/10% at the outcome means. Graduating from college and entering the job market in a bad economy cannot explain our results. Findings are robust to numerous methods of measuring economic contractions and controlling for behavioural measures as well as economic shocks experienced before and after the impressionable years.

     
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    hdl: 10419/234428
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 850
    Subjects: Impressionable Years Hypothesis; Entrepreneurship; Self-employment; Business Ownership; Economic Contractions; Gallup Data
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 61 Seiten)
  20. Tax progressivity and self-employment dynamics
    Author: Arulampalam, Wiji; Papini, Andrea
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville

    Analysis of the relationship between taxes and self-employment should account for the interplay between responses in self-employment and wage employment. To this end, we estimate a two-state multi-spell duration model which accounts for both observed... more

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    Analysis of the relationship between taxes and self-employment should account for the interplay between responses in self-employment and wage employment. To this end, we estimate a two-state multi-spell duration model which accounts for both observed and unobserved heterogeneity using a large longitudinal administrative dataset for Norway for 1993 to 2011. Our findings confirm theoretical predictions, and are robust to various changes to definitions and sample selections. A policy experiment simulating a atter tax schedule in the year 2000 is found to encourage self-employment, delivering a net increase of predicted inflow into self-employment from 2.8% to 5.3%.

     
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    hdl: 10419/248825
    Edition: This version: April 20, 2021
    Series: JRC working papers on taxation and strucutral reforms ; no 2021, 03
    Subjects: Tax progressivity; Income tax; Self-employment; Duration analysis
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 77 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Declining search frictions and type-of-employment choice
    Author: Denderski, Piotr; Sniekers, Florian
    Published: 31 March 2021
    Publisher:  CentER, Center for Economic Research, Tilburg

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    Series: Discussion paper / CentER, Center for Economic Research ; no. 2021, 010
    Subjects: Self-employment; goods markets; labour markets; search frictions; Internet; matching efficiency
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Improved framework conditions for a more entrepreneurial, innovative and sustainable EU
    Author: Elert, Niklas; Henrekson, Magnus
    Published: March 25, 2021
    Publisher:  Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm, Sweden

    In the wake of the corona crisis, the European Union must regain lost ground and create more favorable conditions for inclusive and sustainable economic growth. The best way to achieve this goal is by increasing the Union's innovativeness. This... more

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    In the wake of the corona crisis, the European Union must regain lost ground and create more favorable conditions for inclusive and sustainable economic growth. The best way to achieve this goal is by increasing the Union's innovativeness. This effort requires extensive and broad-based institutional reforms aimed at strengthening the incentives for entrepreneurship. Innovative entrepreneurship requires collaborations with numerous agents that provide those skills and resources that the entrepreneur is lacking: inventors, key personnel, demanding customers, and early and later-stage financiers. Based on this ecosystem perspective, we propose reforms in the following six broad areas: (i) the rule of law and property rights, ii) taxation, iii) savings and finance, iv) labor market regulations and social security, v) entry and exit barriers in product markets, and (vi) human capital for entrepreneurship. The reforms would likely strengthen Europe's innovation capacity at a time when it is needed more than ever.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/240527
    Series: IFN working paper ; no. 1384 (2021)
    Subjects: Entrepreneurship; European Union; Innovation; Institutions; Policy reform; Regulation; Self-employment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Motherhood and the allocation of talent
    Author: Berniell, Inés; Berniell, Lucila; Mata, Dolores de la; Edo, María; Fawaz, Yarine; Machado, Matilde P.; Marchionni, Mariana
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, [La Plata, Argentina]

    In this paper we assess whether changes in labor market decisions upon motherhood lead to potential inefficient allocations of talent. Using an event study approach with retrospective data drawn from SHARE for 29 European countries we show that... more

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    In this paper we assess whether changes in labor market decisions upon motherhood lead to potential inefficient allocations of talent. Using an event study approach with retrospective data drawn from SHARE for 29 European countries we show that motherhood effects go beyond the well studied effects of labor market participation decisions: the arrival of the first child substantially affects the uptaking of alternative modes of employment, such as part-time and self-employment, that are characterized by flexible or reduced work schedules but also lower pay on average. We also show that the size of labor market responses to motherhood are larger in societies with more conservative social-norms or with weak policies regarding work-life balance. To assess the effects of motherhood over the allocation of talent, we explore how labor market responses to parenthood vary by alternative measures of talent or ability. We find that all women, even those with the highest level of ability and abler than their husbands face large motherhood effects, while men show virtually no changes in the labor market when becoming fathers. We also find that mothers who become self-employed after the birth of the first child are those that are less entrepreneurial-able according to cognitive ability and personality traits shown to impair business survival. Overall, our results suggest relevant changes in the allocation of talent caused by gender differences in nonmarket responsibilities that can have sizable impacts on aggregate market productivity.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/250359
    Series: Documento de trabajo / CEDLAS ; nro. 270 (noviembre, 2020)
    Subjects: Child penalty; Part-time; Self-employment; Motherhood; SHARE data
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Understanding informality
    Author: Elgin, Ceyhun; Kose, M. Ayhan; Ohnsorge, Franziska; Yu, Shu
    Published: 31 August 2021
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP16497
    Subjects: Informal economy; Self-employment; employment; output; business cycles
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. Growing apart or moving together?
    synchronization of informal and formal economy cycles
    Author: Elgin, Ceyhun; Kose, M. Ayhan; Ohnsorge, Franziska; Yu, Shu
    Published: 31 August 2021
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP16498
    Subjects: Informal economy; Self-employment; Business cycle
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen