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Displaying results 1 to 8 of 8.

  1. Baseline results from the EU28 EUROMOD
    2016-2019 / Jack Kneeshaw with Paola De Agostini, Kakia Chatsiou, Katrin Gasior, Holguer Xavier Jara Tamayo, Chrysa Leventi, Kostas Manios, Alari Paulus, Daria Popova, Iva Tasseva
    Author: Kneeshaw, Jack; De Agostini, Paola; Chatsiou, Kakia; Gasior, Katrin; Jara, H. Xavier; Leventi, Chrysa; Manios, Kostas; Paulus, Alari; Popova, Daria; Tasseva, Iva
    Published: December 2020
    Publisher:  Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, UK

    This paper presents baseline results from the latest version of EUROMOD (version I2.0+), the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the EU. First, we briefly report the process of updating EUROMOD. We then present indicators for income inequality and... more

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    This paper presents baseline results from the latest version of EUROMOD (version I2.0+), the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the EU. First, we briefly report the process of updating EUROMOD. We then present indicators for income inequality and risk of poverty using EUROMOD and discuss the main reasons for differences between these and EU-SILC based indicators. We further compare EUROMOD distributional indicators across all EU 28 countries and over time between 2016 and 2019. Finally, we provide estimates of marginal effective tax rates (METR) for all 28 EU countries in order to explore the effect of tax and benefit systems on work incentives at the intensive margin. Throughout the paper, we highlight both the potential of EUROMOD as a tool for policy analysis and the caveats that should be borne in mind when using it and interpreting results. This paper updates the work reported in Tammik (2019).

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/259509
    Parent title: Baseline results from the EU28 EUROMOD - Show all bands
    Series: EUROMOD working paper series ; EM 20, 20
    Subjects: microsimulation; redistribution; tax-benefit system; poverty; inequality; work incentives
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Living with reduced income
    an analysis of household financial vulnerability under COVID-19
    Author: Midões, Catarina; Seré, Mateo
    Published: December 2020
    Publisher:  Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, UK

    The COVID-19 crisis has led to substantial reductions in earnings. We propose a new measure of financial vulnerability, computable through survey data, to determine whether households can withstand a certain income shock for a defined period of time.... more

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    The COVID-19 crisis has led to substantial reductions in earnings. We propose a new measure of financial vulnerability, computable through survey data, to determine whether households can withstand a certain income shock for a defined period of time. Using data from the ECB Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) we analyse preexisting financial vulnerability in seven EU countries. We find that income support is essential for many families: 47.2 million individuals, out of the 243 million considered, cannot afford three months of food and housing expenses without privately earned income. Differences across countries are stark, and those born outside of the EU are especially vulnerable. Through a tax-benefit microsimulation exercise, we then derive household net income when employees are laid-off and awarded the COVID-19 employment protection benefits enacted in the different countries. Our findings suggest that the COVID-19 employment protection schemes awarded are extremely effective in reducing the number of vulnerable individuals. The relative importance of rent and mortgage suspensions in alleviating vulnerability is highly country dependent.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/259510
    Series: EUROMOD working paper series ; EM 20, 21
    Subjects: vulnerability; household finance; microsimulation; COVID-19
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. The new "minimum vital income" in Spain
    distributional and poverty effects in the presence and absence of regional minimum income schemes
    Author: Badenes Plá, Nuria; Gambau-Suelves, Borja
    Published: December 2020
    Publisher:  Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, UK

    The "Minimum Vital Income" (IMV) constitutes a novelty in the panorama for fighting poverty by guaranteeing minimum incomes after the COVID-19 crisis. This work simulates the distributional and poverty effects of the IMV introduction across Spanish... more

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    The "Minimum Vital Income" (IMV) constitutes a novelty in the panorama for fighting poverty by guaranteeing minimum incomes after the COVID-19 crisis. This work simulates the distributional and poverty effects of the IMV introduction across Spanish regions using EUROMOD. Our results show that the IMV reduces inequality and poverty - general and extreme - for all regions. The regional minimum income schemes (RMI) have been a fundamental measure to fight poverty in Spain from the regional level, although this power has not been as effective as it was expected in reducing inequality. This work also simulates the effects on inequality and poverty that the elimination of current RMI and the introduction of the new IMV would generate. Considering the simultaneous introduction of IMV and RMI elimination, the negative effects of RMI would be offset by positive effects of IMV, leading also to a big additional saving for the Spanish Public Accounts.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/259511
    Series: EUROMOD working paper series ; EM 20, 22
    Subjects: microsimulation; inequality; income distribution; poverty; minimum vital income; EUROMOD
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Joint taxation in Spain and its effects on social welfare
    a microsimulation analysis
    Author: Badenes Plá, Nuria; Blanco Palmero, Patricia; Gambau-Suelves, Borja; Navas Román, María; Villazán Pellejero, Noemí
    Published: December 2020
    Publisher:  Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, UK

    This paper focuses on the study of the effects on social welfare generated by the scheme of joint taxation of the Spanish Personal Income Tax (PIT), whose peculiarity linked to its condition of optionality, allows the minimization of households´ tax... more

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    This paper focuses on the study of the effects on social welfare generated by the scheme of joint taxation of the Spanish Personal Income Tax (PIT), whose peculiarity linked to its condition of optionality, allows the minimization of households´ tax bill. Different scenarios are simulated using the tax-benefit microsimulator of the European Commission - EUROMOD - with data from the Survey on Income and Living Conditions corresponding to 2016. In order to measure the welfare, the current PIT scheme is taken as reference and then it is compared with two alternatives, one, in which the families that currently can opt for this system are forced to pay jointly, and another, in which the only taxation scheme was individual. The results show that the Spanish system is revealed as a generator of additional welfare linked both to the circumstance of allowing an option to families, as well as to the fact of designing a specific system of joint taxation. In addition, it is shown that the policy recommendations would be different if only the study of inequality had been considered, since the net income gains of the current system offset the possible improvements in inequality of the simulated alternatives. Our results, therefore, also reinforce the convenience of adopting an approach that simultaneously considers efficiency and equity.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/259512
    Series: EUROMOD working paper series ; EM 20, 23
    Subjects: microsimulation; EUROMOD; social welfare; inequality; family taxation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Did the opening up of rice importation in the Philippines worsen income poverty and inequality?
    a general equilibrium with microsimulation approach
    Author: Briones, Roehlano M.
    Published: December 2020
    Publisher:  Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines

    Tariffication of quantitative restrictions on rice imports was a key policy reform of the Duterte administration. This study reviews recent trends in the rice market, and assesses the poverty and distributional effects of rice tariffication using a... more

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    Tariffication of quantitative restrictions on rice imports was a key policy reform of the Duterte administration. This study reviews recent trends in the rice market, and assesses the poverty and distributional effects of rice tariffication using a computable general equilibrium model with microsimulation. Owing to the price difference between domestic prices in Philippines and exporting countries, imports of rice have surged under tariffication. As a result, domestic prices have fallen, though gross marketing margins have increased, amplifying the effect of the drop in retail prices on both wholesale prices and palay prices. The price and associated economic adjustments are expected to cause an increase in income poverty as conventionally measured. However, the increases are rather small, and would diminish over time. The value of the income loss suffered by the poor is far below what the amount provided by law to address problems in the rice economy with tariffication.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    hdl: 10419/241032
    Series: Discussion paper series / Philippine Institute for Development Studies ; no. 2020, 43 (December 2020)
    Subjects: Computable general equilibrium; microsimulation; trade liberalization; poverty; income distribution
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Research paper: analysing the distributional implications of the 2020 budget measures for Malta
    Author: Vella, Stephanie; Mifsud, Maria
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  [Economic Policy Department, Ministry for Finance and Financial Services, Malta], [Floriana]

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    Series: Working papers / Economic Policy Department, Ministry for Finance and Financal Services, Malta ; WP 2020, 01
    Subjects: income distribution; microsimulation; Malta
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 11 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. On the horizontal inequity effect of the erosion of the PIT base
    the case of Italy
    Author: Boscolo, Stefano
    Published: August 2020
    Publisher:  nUnimore, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di economia Marco Biagi, [Modena]

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Media type: Book
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    Series: DEMB working paper series ; n. 176
    Subjects: classical horizontal inequity; comprehensive income tax; flat tax;redistribution; microsimulation; IT-EXEMPT
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Distributional effects of emission pricing in a carbon-intensive economy: the case of Poland
    Author: Antosiewicz, Marek; Fuentes S. M., J. Rodrigo; Lewandowski, Piotr; Witajewski-Baltvilks, Jan
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, Santiago, Chile

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    Series: Documento de trabajo / Instituto de Economia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile ; 546 (2020)
    Subjects: climate policy; carbon tax; distributional effect; microsimulation; general equilibrium;employment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten), Illustrationen