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Displaying results 1 to 15 of 15.

  1. Die Kunst des Pillendrehens oder warum Säure doch sauer ist!
    Feldbeobachtung des Pharmaziestudiums - für Menschen, Pharmazeuten und andere Lebewesen
    Author: Waßmann, Saskia
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Books on Demand, Norderstedt

  2. Pharmaceutical innovation, incremental patenting and compulsory licensing
    Author: Correa, Carlos María
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  South Centre, Geneva

    Despite the decline in the discovery of new chemical entities for pharmaceutical use, there is a significant proliferation of patents on products and processes that cover minor, incremental innovations. A study conducted in five developing countries... more

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    Despite the decline in the discovery of new chemical entities for pharmaceutical use, there is a significant proliferation of patents on products and processes that cover minor, incremental innovations. A study conducted in five developing countries - Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, India and South Africa - evidenced a significant proliferation of ‘evergreening’ pharmaceutical patents that can block generic competition and thereby limit access to medicines. It also found that both the nature of pharmaceutical learning and innovation and the interest of public health are best served in a framework where rigorous standards of inventive step are used to grant patents. The analysis suggests that local firms in developing countries are better supported in a framework where patent protection for minor incremental innovations is not allowed. The study also suggests that with the application of well-defined patentability standards, governments could avoid spending the political capital necessary to grant and sustain compulsory licenses/government use. If patent applications were correctly scrutinized, there would be no need to have recourse to such measures.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    Series: Research papers / South Centre ; 41
    Subjects: Pharmakologie; Arzneimittel; Patent; Lizenz; Immaterialgüterrechte; Innovationsdiffusion; Argentinien; Brasilien; Kolumbien; Indien; Südafrika
    Scope: 27 S., graph. Darst., 30 cm
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    Parallel als Online-Ausg. erschienen
  3. Investments in pharmaceuticals before and after TRIPS
    Author: Kyle, Margaret K.; McGahan, Anita M.
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    W 32 (8371)
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    Series: Array ; 8371
    Subjects: Pharmaindustrie; Pharmakologie; Investition; Patentrecht; TRIPS; Welt
    Scope: 42 S., graph. Darst.
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    Parallel als Online-Ausg. erschienen
  4. Collaboration in pharmaceutical research
    exploration of country-level determinants
    Author: Plotnikova, Tatiana; Rake, Bastian
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Univ. [u.a.], Jena

    In this paper we focus on proximity as one of the main determinants of international collaboration in pharmaceutical research. We use various count data specifications of the gravity model to estimate the intensity of collaboration between pairs of... more

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    In this paper we focus on proximity as one of the main determinants of international collaboration in pharmaceutical research. We use various count data specifications of the gravity model to estimate the intensity of collaboration between pairs of countries as explained by the geographical, cognitive, institutional, social, and cultural dimensions of proximity. Our results suggest that geographical distance has a significant negative relation to the collaboration intensity between countries. The amount of previous collaborations, as a proxy for social proximity, is positively related to the number of cross-country collaborations. We do not find robust significant associations between cognitive proximity or institutional proximity with the intensity of international research collaboration. Moreover, there is no robust and significant relation between the interaction terms of geographical distance with social, cognitive, or institutional proximity, and international research collaboration. Our findings for cultural proximity do not allow of unambiguous conclusions concerning their influence on the collaboration intensity between countries. Linguistic ties among countries are associated with a higher amount of cross-country research collaboration but we find no clear association for historical and colonial linkages. -- International Cooperation ; Pharmaceuticals ; Proximity

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/56838
    Series: Jena economic research papers ; 2011,026
    Subjects: Pharmakologie; Forschungskooperation; Unternehmenskooperation; Geographische Entfernung; Schätzung; Welt
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 33 S., 478 KB), graph. Darst.
  5. Do cost-sharing and entry deregulation curb pharmaceutical Innovation?
    Author: Grossmann, Volker
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  CESifo, München

    This paper examines the role of both cost-sharing schemes in health insurance systems and entry regulation for pharmaceutical R&D expenditure, drug prices, aggregate productivity, and income. The analysis suggests that both an increase in the... more

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    This paper examines the role of both cost-sharing schemes in health insurance systems and entry regulation for pharmaceutical R&D expenditure, drug prices, aggregate productivity, and income. The analysis suggests that both an increase in the coinsurance rate and stricter price regulations adversely affect R&D spending in the pharmaceutical sector. In contrast, entry deregulation may lead to quality-improvements of pharmaceuticals, despite reducing price-setting power of pharmaceutical companies. Extension to an endogenous growth context suggests that, when individual labor supply depends on health status, both cost-sharing and entry barriers in the pharmaceutical sector also affect aggregate productivity and wage rates. -- aggregate productivity ; cost-sharing ; entry deregulation ; health insurance ; pharmaceutical innovation

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/46570
    Series: Array ; 3439
    Subjects: Pharmakologie; Forschungsfinanzierung; Selbstbeteiligung; Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung; Markteintritt; Gesundheitsökonomik; Produktivität; Endogenes Wachstumsmodell; Theorie
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 41 S., 466,41 KB), graph. Darst.
  6. Does Europe have an innovation policy?
    the case of EU economic law
    Author: Battaglia, Lauren; Larouche, Pierre; Negrinotti, Matteo
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    W 32 (8481)
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    Series: Array ; 8481
    Subjects: Technologiepolitik; EU-Wirtschaftsrecht; Kartellrecht; EU-Recht; Pharmaindustrie; Pharmakologie; EU-Staaten
    Scope: 27 S.
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    Parallel als Online-Ausg. erschienen
  7. Identyfikacja potencjału i zasobów Dolnego Śląska w obszarze nauka i technologie na rzecz poprawy jakości życia (qualtiy of life) oraz wytyczenie przyszłych kierunków rozwoju badania metodami foresight
    praca zbiorowa
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  "Drukat", Wrocław

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    B 386852
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Polish
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    ISBN: 9788393021246
    Subjects: Lebensqualität; Regionale Wirtschaftskraft; Forschung; Biotechnologie; Pharmakologie; Ernährungswissenschaft; Ökologie; Forschungskooperation; Niederschlesien
    Scope: 374 S., graph. Darst., Kt.
  8. The impact of public basic research on industrial innovation
    evidence from the pharmaceutical industry
    Author: Toole, Andrew A.
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  ZEW, Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung, Mannheim

    While most economists believe that public scientific research fuels industry innovation and economic growth, systematic evidence supporting this relationship is surprisingly limited. In a recent study, Acemoglu and Linn (2004) identified market size... more

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    While most economists believe that public scientific research fuels industry innovation and economic growth, systematic evidence supporting this relationship is surprisingly limited. In a recent study, Acemoglu and Linn (2004) identified market size as a significant driver of drug innovation in the pharmaceutical industry, but they did not find any evidence supporting science-driven innovation from publicly funded research. This paper uses new data on biomedical research investments by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) to examine the contribution of public research to pharmaceutical innovation. The empirical analysis finds that both market size and NIH funded basic research have economically and statistically significant effects on the entry of new drugs with the contribution of public basic research coming in the earliest stage of pharmaceutical drug discovery. The analysis also finds a positive return to public investment in basic biomedical research. -- R&D ; NIH ; social return ; biomedical ; research lags ; public science ; new molecular entities

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/51353
    Edition: This version: March 2011
    Series: Discussion paper / ZEW ; 11-063
    Subjects: Öffentliche Forschung; Pharmakologie; Forschungskooperation; Pharmaindustrie; Innovation; Schätzung; USA
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 38, [3] S., 461 KB)
    Notes:

    Zsfassung in dt. Sprache
  9. International research networks in pharmaceuticals
    structure and dynamics
    Author: Cantner, Uwe; Rake, Bastian
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Univ. [u.a.], Jena

    Knowledge production and scientific research have become increasingly more collaborative and international, particularly in pharmaceuticals. We analyze international research networks on the country level in different disease groups. Our empirical... more

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    Knowledge production and scientific research have become increasingly more collaborative and international, particularly in pharmaceuticals. We analyze international research networks on the country level in different disease groups. Our empirical analysis is based on a unique dataset of scientific publications related to pharmaceutical research. Using social network analysis, we find that both the number of countries and their connectivity increase in almost all disease groups. The cores of the networks consist of high income OECD countries and remain rather stable over time. We use network regression techniques in order to analyze the dynamics of the networks. Our results indicate that an accumulative advantage based on preferential attachment and point connectivity as a proxy for multi-connectivity are positively related to changes in the countries' collaboration intensity. -- International Cooperation ; Pharmaceuticals ; Research Networks ; Network Dynamics ; MRQAP

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/56855
    Series: Jena economic research papers ; 2011,055
    Subjects: Pharmakologie; Forschungskooperation; Soziales Netzwerk; Globalisierung; Internationale Unternehmenskooperation; OECD-Staaten
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 43 S., 995 KB), graph. Darst.
  10. Optimal contracts for coordinating the pharmaceutical R&D supply chain
    Author: Bhattacharya, Shantanu; Gaba, Vibha; Hasija, Sameer
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  INSEAD, Fontainebleau

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    Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Edition: Rev. vers. of 2011/45/TOM/OB
    Series: Array ; 2011,95
    Subjects: Pharmaindustrie; Pharmakologie; Lieferkette; Prinzipal-Agent-Theorie; Spieltheorie; Moral Hazard; Risikopräferenz; Vertragstheorie
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 35 S., 530 KB)
  11. The captain of the men of death and his shadow
    long-run impacts of early life pneumonia exposure
    Author: Bhalotra, Sonia; Venkataramani, Atheendar
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    We exploit the introduction of sulfa drugs in 1937 to identify the causal impact of exposure to pneumonia in infancy on later life well-being and productivity in the United States. Using census data from 1980-2000, we find that cohorts born after the... more

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    We exploit the introduction of sulfa drugs in 1937 to identify the causal impact of exposure to pneumonia in infancy on later life well-being and productivity in the United States. Using census data from 1980-2000, we find that cohorts born after the introduction of sulfa experienced increases in schooling, income, and the probability of employment, and reductions in disability rates. These improvements were larger for those born in states with higher pre-intervention levels of pneumonia as these were the areas that benefited most from the availability of sulfa drugs. These estimates are, in general, larger and more robust to specification for men than for women. With the exception of cognitive disability and poverty for men, the estimates for African Americans are smaller and less precisely estimated than those for whites. This is despite our finding that African Americans experienced larger absolute reductions in pneumonia mortality after the arrival of sulfa. We suggest that pre-Civil Rights barriers may have inhibited their translating improved endowments into gains in education and employment. -- early childhood ; infectious diseases ; pneumonia ; medical innovation ; antibiotics ; schooling ; income ; disability ; mortality trends

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/58826
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 6041
    Subjects: Infektionskrankheit; Kinder; Pharmakologie; Arzneimittel; Lebensverlauf; Einkommen; Sterblichkeit; USA
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 48 S., 702,35 KB), graph. Darst., Kt.
  12. Inter-firm R&D networks in the global pharmaceutical biotechnology industry during 1985 – 1998
    a conceptual and empirical analysis
    Author: Krogmann, Yin; Schwalbe, Ulrich
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Univ. Hohenheim, Forschungszentrum Innovation und Dienstleistung, Stuttgart

    This paper analyses a large database on inter-firm R&D cooperation formed in the pharmaceutical biotechnology industry during the period 1985 - 1998. The results indicate that network size largely grows, whereas the density of the network declines... more

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    This paper analyses a large database on inter-firm R&D cooperation formed in the pharmaceutical biotechnology industry during the period 1985 - 1998. The results indicate that network size largely grows, whereas the density of the network declines during the periods. In the network analysis that emphasizes individual structural positions, the empirical results show that small biotechnological companies had a crucial bridging role for the large pharmaceutical firms in the second half of the 1980s. In the 1990s, the bridge role of biotechnology companies became less important and established pharmaceutical companies developed into dominant start players with many collaborators while holding central roles in the research network. The current analysis also shows that degree-based and betweenness-based network centralization are both low implying that the overall positional advantages are relatively equally distributed in the inter-firm R&D network of the pharmaceutical biotechnology industry. -- R&D networks ; pharmaceutical biotechnology ; network analysis ; conceptual centrality ; network visualization software

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/54189
    S2UB-opus-663
    Series: FZID discussion papers ; 38-2011
    Subjects: Forschungskooperation; Industrieforschung; Unternehmensnetzwerk; Pharmakologie; Biotechnologie; Biotechnologie-Industrie; Deutschland; Forschung und Entwicklung; Netzwerk; Pharmazeutische Industrie
    Scope: Online-Ressource
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  13. The captain of the men of death and his shadow
    long-run impacts of early life pneumonia exposure
    Author: Bhalotra, Sonia; Venkataramani, Atheendar
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  CMPO, Bristol

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    W 1696 (2011,273)
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    Series: Working papers / Centre for Market and Public Organisation ; 11,273
    Subjects: Infektionskrankheit; Kinder; Pharmakologie; Arzneimittel; Lebensverlauf; Einkommen; Sterblichkeit; USA
    Scope: 48 S., graph. Darst.
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    Parallel als Online-Ausg. erschienen
  14. Die richtigen Anreize schaffen: Der Health Impact Fund
    ein konkreter Beitrag zu globaler Gerechtigkeit und eine Innovation für die Weltgesundheit
    Author: Pogge, Thomas
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Globale Politik und Entwicklung, Berlin

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    Deutscher Caritasverband e.V., Bibliothek
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    JJ 6627
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    C 266204
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: German
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    ISBN: 9783868729207
    Series: Internationale Politikanalyse
    Subjects: Pharmakologie; Innovation; Anreiz; Gesundheit; Soziale Gerechtigkeit; Gesundheitsfinanzierung; Welt; Armut; Entwicklungsländer
    Scope: 10 S., 30 cm
  15. South-South cooperation in health and pharmaceuticals
    emerging trends in India-Brazil collaborations
    Author: Chaturvedi, Sachin
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Research and Information System for the Non-Aligned and Other Developing Countries, New Delhi

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    Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: RIS discussion papers ; 172
    Subjects: Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen; Arzneimittel; WTO-Recht; Pharmakologie; Forschungskooperation; Indien; Brasilien; Pharmaceutical industry; Pharmaceutical industry; Medical care; Medical care
    Scope: Online-Ressource (44 S.)