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Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of illustrations -- Acknowledgements -- Preface -- Chapter 1. What is a translation theory? -- 1.1 From theorizing to theories -- 1.2 From theories to paradigms -- 1.3 How this book is organized -- 1.4 Why study translation theories? -- 1.5 How should translation theories be studied? -- Chapter 2. Natural equivalence -- 2.1 Natural equivalence as a concept -- 2.2 Equivalence vs. structuralism -- 2.3 Procedures for maintaining natural equivalence -- 2.4 Text-based equivalence -- 2.5 Reference to a tertium comparationis and the "theory of sense" -- 2.6 The virtues of natural equivalence -- 2.7 Frequently had arguments -- 2.8 Natural equivalence as a historical sub-paradigm -- Chapter 3. Directional equivalence -- 3.1 Two kinds of similarity -- 3.2 Directionality in definitions of equivalence -- 3.3 Back-translation as a test -- 3.4 Polarities of directional equivalence -- 3.5 Only two categories? -- 3.6 Relevance theory -- 3.7 Equivalence as an illusion -- 3.8 The virtues of directional equivalence -- 3.9 Frequently had arguments -- Chapter 4. Purposes -- 4.1 Skopos as the key to a new paradigm -- 4.2 Reiss, Vermeer, and the origins of the Skopos approach -- 4.3 Holz-Mänttäri and the translator's expertise -- 4.4 Purpose- based "good enough" theory -- 4.5 Who really decides? -- 4.6 The virtues of the purpose paradigm -- 4.7 Frequently had arguments -- 4.8 An extension into project analysis -- Chapter 5. Descriptions -- 5.1 What happened to equivalence? -- 5.2 Theoretical concepts within the descriptive paradigm -- 5.3 Norms -- 5.4 "Assumed" translations -- 5.5 Target-side priority -- 5.6 Universals of translation -- 5.7 Laws -- 5.8 Process studies -- 5.9 Frequently had arguments -- 5.10 The future of the descriptive paradigm -- Chapter 6. Uncertainty. Exploring Translation Theories presents a comprehensive analysis of the core contemporary paradigms of Western translation theory. The book covers theories of equivalence, purpose, description, uncertainty, localization, and cultural translation. This second edition adds coverage on new translation technologies, volunteer translators, non-lineal logic, mediation, Asian languages, and research on translatorsâ cognitive processes. Readers are encouraged to explore the various theories and consider their strengths, weaknesses, and implications for translation practice. The book concludes with a survey of the way translation is used as a model in postmodern cultural studies and sociologies, extending its scope beyond traditional Western notions. Features in each chapter include: An introduction outlining the main points, key concepts and illustrative examples. Examples drawn from a range of languages, although knowledge of no language other than English is assumed. Discussion points and suggested classroom activities. A chapter summary. This comprehensive and engaging book is ideal both for self-study and as a textbook for Translation theory courses within Translation Studies, Comparative Literature and Applied Linguistics.
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