Fénelon, Offenbach and the 'Iliad' in Arabic, 'Robinson Crusoe' in Turkish, the Bible in Greek-alphabet Turkish, excoriated French novels circulating through the Ottoman Empire in Greek, Arabic and Turkish - literary translation at the eastern end of the Mediterranean offered worldly vistas and new, hybrid genres to emerging literate audiences in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Whether to propagate 'national' language reform, circulate the Bible, help audiences understand European opera, argue for girls' education, institute pan-Islamic conversations, introduce political concepts, share the Persian 'Gulistan' with Anglophone readers in Bengal, or provide racy fiction to schooled adolescents in Cairo and Istanbul, translation was an essential tool. But as these essays show, translators were inventors. And their efforts might yield surprising results List of charts and mapsNote on Translation and TransliterationAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Translation as Lateral Cosmopolitanism in the Ottoman Universe, Marilyn BoothI. Translation, Territory, Community1. What was (really) translated in the Ottoman Empire? Sleuthing Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Translated Literature, Johann Strauss2. Translation and the Globalisation of the Novel: Relevance and Limits of a Diffusionist Model, Peter Hill; 3. On Eastern Cultures: Trans-Regionalism and Multilingualism in Iraq, 1910-38, Orit BashkinII. Translation and/as Fiction4. Gender and Diaspora in Late Ottoman Egypt: The Case of Greek Women Translators, Titika Dimitroulia and Alexander Kazamias5. Haunting Ottoman Middle-Class Sensibility: Ahmet Midhat Efendi's Gothic, A. Holly ShisslerIII. 'Classical' interventions, 'European' inflections: Translation as/and Adaptation5. Lords or Idols? Translating the Greek Gods into Arabic in Nineteenth-Century Egypt, Raphael Cormack6. Translating World Literature into Arabic and Arabic Into World Literature: Sulayman al-Bustani's al-Ilyadha and Ruhi al-Khalidi's Arabic Rendition of Victor Hugo, Yaseen Noorani7. Girlhood Translated? Fénelon's Traité de l'éducation des filles (1687) as a Text of Egyptian Modernity (1901, 1909), Marilyn Booth8. Gulistan: Sublimity and the Colonial Credo of Translatability, Kamran RastegarBibliographyContributors
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