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Displaying results 1 to 17 of 17.

  1. Services trade and credit frictions
    evidence from matched bank-firm data
    Author: Bripi, Francesco; Loschiavo, David; Revelli, Davide
    Published: [2017]
    Publisher:  Banca d'Italia Eurosistema, [Rom]

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    VS 450 (1110)
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Temi di discussione / Banca d'Italia ; number 1110 (April 2017)
    Subjects: trade in services; credit frictions; bank-firm relationships
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. The Covid-19 test for preferential trade agreements
    national security exceptions and trade and investment restrictive measures in services
    Author: Palacio Valencia, Ana María
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  United Nations University CRIS, [Brugge, Belgium]

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / United Nations University, Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies ; no. 2023, 01
    Subjects: Security exceptions; trade in services; preferential trade agreements; investment agreements; restrictive measures
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten)
  3. Einfluss bürokratischer Hürden auf die grenzüberschreitende Arbeitnehmerentsendung von KMU in Grenzregionen
    Author: Holz, Michael; Icks, Annette
    Published: Mai 2023
    Publisher:  Institut für Mittelstandsforschung Bonn, Bonn

    Auf der Grundlage von Fachgesprächen mit Unternehmerinnen und Unternehmern sowie Expertinnen und Experten untersucht die Studie, inwieweit bürokratische Erfordernisse die grenzüberschreitende Erbringung von Dienstleistungen von deutschen und... more

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    Fachinformationsverbund Internationale Beziehungen und Länderkunde
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    Auf der Grundlage von Fachgesprächen mit Unternehmerinnen und Unternehmern sowie Expertinnen und Experten untersucht die Studie, inwieweit bürokratische Erfordernisse die grenzüberschreitende Erbringung von Dienstleistungen von deutschen und niederländischen KMU in ausgewählten Grenzregionen be- bzw. verhindern. Großen Verbesserungsbedarf sehen die Befragten insbesondere im Hinblick auf die fehlende Harmonisierung der Entsendevorschriften und -verfahren in den einzelnen EU-Mitgliedstaaten. Auch Erleichterungen bei kurzen bzw. kurzfristigen Entsendungen werden sehr häufig als notwendig erachtet. Ein nicht unerheblicher Teil der KMU in beiden Ländern befolgt einzelne Vorschriften nicht, um den hohen Bürokratieaufwand auf ein - aus ihrer Sicht - verhältnismäßiges Niveau zu begrenzen. Based on interviews with companies and experts, the study examines the extent to which administrative requirements hinder or prevent the cross-border provision of services by German and Dutch SMEs in selected border regions. The respondents see a great need for improvement especially with regard to the lack of harmonisation of posting regulations and procedures in the individual EU member states. Facilitations for short-term postings and those done at short notice are also very often considered necessary. A not insignificant proportion of SMEs in both countries do not comply with individual regulations in order to limit the high administrative burden to a - from their point of view - proportionate level.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: German
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/273405
    Series: IfM-Materialien ; Nr. 299
    Subjects: Grenzgebiet; Grenzüberschreitende Kooperation; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb; Arbeitnehmer; Migration; Pendler; Verwaltungsvereinfachung; Arbeitnehmerentsendung; Bürokratie; EU; Dienstleistungsverkehr; KMU; Posting of workers; administrative burdens; EU; trade in services; SMEs
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 102 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Smart or smash?
    the effect of financial sanctions on trade in goods and services
    Author: Besedeš, Tibor; Goldbach, Stefan; Nitsch, Volker
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

    We examine the extent to which financial sanctions imposed by Germany through its European Union and United Nations commitments cause collateral damage on Germany's trade in goods and services. Financial sanctions reduce Germany's inflows and... more

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    We examine the extent to which financial sanctions imposed by Germany through its European Union and United Nations commitments cause collateral damage on Germany's trade in goods and services. Financial sanctions reduce Germany's inflows and outflows of financial assets, as well as imports and exports of goods and services. The relative effects on trade in goods and services are weaker than on financial assets, about half as large in the case of goods and two-thirds as large in the case of services. The effect on trade in goods is entirely due to episodes where financial sanctions are accompanied by export restrictions of specific goods. In the case of services trade, only exports are affected by financial sanctions once export restrictions are considered. The primary channel through which sanctions affect the three types of cross-border flows is the extensive margin. Anticipation effects are quite strong for financial assets and weak for services and goods.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/278735
    Series: Darmstadt discussion papers in economics ; Nr. 244
    Subjects: sanction; restriction; cross-border transaction; trade in goods; trade in services; financial flows
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. IT enabled services in the post-pandemic economy
    new opportunities for relations between India and Latin America
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  United Nations, ECLAC, Santiago de Chile

    During the last few decades, India’s trade with the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries has grown substantially, especially in the area of Information Technology (IT) services. The definition of IT services now includes a plethora of... more

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    During the last few decades, India’s trade with the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries has grown substantially, especially in the area of Information Technology (IT) services. The definition of IT services now includes a plethora of IT-enabled services (ITeS) directed to specific sectors, including Agri-tech, Fin-tech, Health-tech, manufacturing and mining-based services, as well as e-commerce. This sector has attracted significant Indian investment in the region. Over the last decade, the share of the IT sector in total Indian Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the region has nearly doubled to about 15 percent today.The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a myriad of challenges and new prospects for ITeS. The industry is confronting this health crisis through opportunities to promote skill-up, embrace the digital transformation and stimulate overall growth of the industry in both regions. The increased reliance on e-commerce has paved the way for greater development of IT-enabled financial products delivered via mobile applications. Moreover, to remain competitive in the global market, companies have increased their demand for new technologies.In this context, this report examines new challenges and prospects for ITeS and e-commerce in the pandemic economy in India and LAC, and explores new opportunities for bilateral direct investment and trade between the two regions. Introduction .-- Overview .-- Impacts and Challenges for the Information Technology .-- Enabled Services Sector During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Private Sector View .-- Recommendations and Policy Directives.

     
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  6. Cross border and foreign-affiliate sales of services
    evidence from German micro-data
    Published: 2012
    Publisher:  Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano, [Milano]

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Development studies working papers / Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano ; 335
    Subjects: international trade; trade in services; supply modes; commercial presence; foreign direct investment; multinational enterprises; firm heterogeneity
    Scope: Online-Ressource (28 S.)
  7. Estimates of the impact of restrictions on cross-border trade in services
    Author: Riker, David A.
    Published: August 2014
    Publisher:  Office of Economics, U.S. International Trade Commission, Washington, DC, USA

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    VS 173 (2014,8A)
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    Language: English
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    Series: Office of Economics working paper / U.S. International Trade Commission, Office of Economics ; no. 2014-08A
    Subjects: trade in services; STRI; gravity model
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 14 Seiten)
  8. Trade performance of Asian landlocked developing economies
    state of play and the way forward
    Author: Witada Anukoonwattaka; Saggu, Aman
    Published: 2016
    Publisher:  United Nations, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Trade, Investment and Innovation Division, Bangkok

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    Series: Trade, investment and innovation working paper series ; no. 01 (Apr 16)
    Subjects: Land-locked developing countries; trade performance; export diversification; industrialization; trade costs; trade in goods; trade in services; trade liberalization; regionalintegration; preferential trade agreements; WTO; GSP; ESCAP and Asia
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Opportunities for the Philippines under RCEP
    trade in services
    Author: Rivera, John Paolo R.; Tullao, Tereso S.
    Published: January 2022
    Publisher:  Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines

    The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is a forward-looking trade agreement between member economies of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and its free trade agreement (FTA) partners (AFPs) namely Australia, China,... more

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    The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is a forward-looking trade agreement between member economies of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and its free trade agreement (FTA) partners (AFPs) namely Australia, China, Japan, Korea, and New Zealand (i.e., non-ASEAN signatory economies). It presents an opportunity to participating economies to consolidate rules given overlapping sets of FTAs. Because of stalemates that developed between economies in World Trade Organizat ion (WTO) negotiations, more regional trading agreements (RTAs) have emerged. As RTAs define trade rules and commitments for all its signatories that are geared towards encouraging free movement of goods and services among member economies, it can deepen economic linkages. The RCEP is an alternative avenue for trade liberalization at the regional level, and a challenger to the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) in terms of coverage and degree of liberalization. Through RCEP, new opportunities for trade and investment may be harnessed. As a result, the enhanced partnership can contribute to human resource and infrastructure development - which are key to the economic growth and development of the Philippines. Hence, we investigate how the RCEP can deepen the contributions of trade in services in the Philippine economy through the commitments made and limitations imposed. We reviewed and assessed the specific commitments of AFPs joining the RCEP in terms of trade in services, particularly on market access and national treatment. We compared these commitments, evaluated its relevance to the needs of the Philippines, and determined the benefits that he Philippines can reap from RCEP. Our analysis suggests that the RCEP is a marginal regional trading arrangement that should be viewed as a compilation of previous regional trading agreements for key economies in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region. Because of the additional commitments made by the signatory economies, specific opportunities in trade in services may be valuable for the Philippines. However, there are challenges in the form of market access and national treatment limitations, which the Philippines must view as an opportunity to enhance its domestic productivity.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/256884
    Series: Discussion paper series / Philippine Institute for Development Studies ; no. 2022, 02 (January 2022)
    Subjects: ASEAN; free trade agreements; market access; national treatment; regional comprehensive economic partnership; trade in services
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 69 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Copyright protection in the digital single market
    Author: Stähler, Frank; Stähler, Leander
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    This paper scrutinizes the effects of the European Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market on platform competition in media markets. Platforms that are Online Content-Sharing Service Providers must have a license agreement with collective... more

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    This paper scrutinizes the effects of the European Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market on platform competition in media markets. Platforms that are Online Content-Sharing Service Providers must have a license agreement with collective management organizations that control the content platform users may (or must not) upload to the platform. The paper shows that the new directive may imply market concentration and an aggregate welfare loss. The reason is that only users of the large platform will be allowed to upload content if the content asset controlled by a collective management organization is sufficiently valuable and if network effects are strong.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/252114
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9597 (2022)
    Subjects: copyright protection; IPRs; content platforms; trade in services; digital services
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. COVID-19, digital transactions, and economic activities
    puzzling nexus of wealth enhancement, trade, and financial technology
    Author: Khan, Muhammad Ayub Mehar
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Asian Development Bank Institute, Tokyo, Japan

    This study examines the role and effectiveness of the several modes of financial inclusion and technology for uninterrupted economic and business activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study is based on empirical analysis through statistical... more

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    This study examines the role and effectiveness of the several modes of financial inclusion and technology for uninterrupted economic and business activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study is based on empirical analysis through statistical estimation of four mathematical equations. The Cross-sectional Random-Effects Model in panel least squares (PLS) technique based on four years' data on 102 countries was applied to identify the determinants of GDP growth, shareholders' wealth, and trade in goods and services. The impacts of the use of credit cards, use of the internet for shopping and payment of utility bills, and electronic transfer of funds on GDP growth, trade in goods and services, and shareholders' wealth have been tested. It is envisaged that COVID-19 has adversely affected GDP growth, but the use of financial technology for buying goods and services, and receiving money through digital modes during the pandemic crisis, may set off economic losses to some extent. The empirical evidences show that a higher share of the population receiving payments by digital modes and use of the internet for paying bills or buying something online are significant and robust determinants of trade in goods and services. Similarly, the use of the internet for buying things and for paying utility bills is a significant positive determinant of GDP growth. The results have also been estimated for 35 Asian countries separately and it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic and the use of fintech have affected these Asian countries in a similar way. These conclusions support the promotion of e-money and digital transactions in the economy. Although the role of the provision of domestic credit to the private sector is not significant in the determination of trade in services, it is a highly significant determinant of the value of investors' wealth and merchandizing trade. The positive association of trade in services with the magnitude of merchandizing trade indicates that policymakers must consider the interconnectivity of these two types of trade. Another important finding of this study from the policy formulation point of view is the significant role of financial technology in GDP growth. A significant association between GDP growth and the number of deaths due to COVID-19 was also observed.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/249473
    Series: ADBI working paper series ; no. 1294 (December 2021)
    Subjects: digital payments; payments through the internet; debit/credit card; market capitalization; trade in services; panel least squares
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten)
  12. IT enabled services in the post-pandemic economy
    new opportunities for relations between India and Latin America
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  United Nations, ECLAC, Santiago de Chile

    During the last few decades, India’s trade with the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries has grown substantially, especially in the area of Information Technology (IT) services. The definition of IT services now includes a plethora of... more

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    During the last few decades, India’s trade with the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries has grown substantially, especially in the area of Information Technology (IT) services. The definition of IT services now includes a plethora of IT-enabled services (ITeS) directed to specific sectors, including Agri-tech, Fin-tech, Health-tech, manufacturing and mining-based services, as well as e-commerce. This sector has attracted significant Indian investment in the region. Over the last decade, the share of the IT sector in total Indian Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the region has nearly doubled to about 15 percent today.The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a myriad of challenges and new prospects for ITeS. The industry is confronting this health crisis through opportunities to promote skill-up, embrace the digital transformation and stimulate overall growth of the industry in both regions. The increased reliance on e-commerce has paved the way for greater development of IT-enabled financial products delivered via mobile applications. Moreover, to remain competitive in the global market, companies have increased their demand for new technologies.In this context, this report examines new challenges and prospects for ITeS and e-commerce in the pandemic economy in India and LAC, and explores new opportunities for bilateral direct investment and trade between the two regions. Introduction .-- Overview .-- Impacts and Challenges for the Information Technology .-- Enabled Services Sector During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Private Sector View .-- Recommendations and Policy Directives.

     
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  13. Services Domestic Regulation - locking in good regulatory practices
    analyzing the prevalence of Services Domestic Regulation disciplines and their potential linkages with economic performance
    Author: Baiker, Laura; Bertola, Elena; Jelitto, Markus
    Published: 17 September 2021
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Economic Research and Statistics Division, [Geneva]

    Services is the fastest-growing sector of today's global economy and trade in services is the most dynamic segment of world trade. However, its potential remains constrained by a variety of barriers: trade costs are estimated to be almost double... more

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    Services is the fastest-growing sector of today's global economy and trade in services is the most dynamic segment of world trade. However, its potential remains constrained by a variety of barriers: trade costs are estimated to be almost double those in goods, and more than 40% of trade costs are accounted for by regulation-related factors. Regulatory measures related to the permission to supply a service, i.e. those related to licensing and qualifications requirements and procedures, and technical standards, can particularly affect service suppliers' ability to trade. With a view to mitigating the unintended trade-restrictive effects of such measures, since 2017, a group of Members has been negotiating a set of regulatory disciplines in the context of the Joint Initiative on Services Domestic Regulation. Since the launch of negotiations in the Joint Initiative at the margins of the 11th WTO Ministerial Conference, a number of delegations have approached the WTO Secretariat for assistance on assessing to what extent their domestic regulatory regimes are consistent with the disciplines on services domestic regulation that the Joint Initiative has developed ("SDR disciplines"), as well as to understand what potential benefits the implementation of such disciplines might bring to their economies. This Paper expands on the individual assistance provided to WTO Members and has the following three objectives: (i) to examine the prevalence of the SDR disciplines in regional and bilateral trade agreements; (ii) to evaluate to what extent Members have already implemented SDRrelated measures in their national regulatory frameworks; and (iii) to analyze the potential linkages between the application of the SDR disciplines and economic performance. Firstly, based on a sample of 74 agreements concluded by 151 Members, we show that the adoption of domestic regulatory disciplines in trade agreements is a fairly established practice, particularly among "new generation" agreements concluded after 2005. Almost 40% of the Members in our sample, across all income levels and regions, being participants of the Joint Initiative or not, have committed on average to at least half of the SDR disciplines. Secondly, we analyze the level of implementation of the SDR disciplines in national regulatory frameworks using a sample of 86 Members. Not only have Members signed on to the SDR disciplines in their trade agreements, but they have also undertaken substantive regulatory reforms that implement these measures at the national level. We find that more than half of the economies in our sample have implemented in their regulatory regimes at least two thirds of the SDR disciplines under study. Lastly, while our research does not claim to establish causal relationships, we provide initial insights on the potential linkages between the application of the SDR disciplines and various indicators of economic performance, including services value-added, share of services trade, participation in global value chains, and level of entrepreneurship.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/242937
    Edition: Manuscript date: 15 September 2021
    Series: Staff working paper ; ERSD-2021, 14
    Subjects: services domestic regulation; trade in services; trade agreements; economic performance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Bolstering East Asian-Latin American value chains through digitally deliverable services
    Author: Suominen, Kati
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  ARTNeT, United Nations ESCAP, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand

    Digitally deliverable services play a growing role in export-driven production in the FEALAC region, but digitally deliverable services from Latin America are used only to a limited extent by producers in Asia, and vice versa. However, this disguises... more

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    Digitally deliverable services play a growing role in export-driven production in the FEALAC region, but digitally deliverable services from Latin America are used only to a limited extent by producers in Asia, and vice versa. However, this disguises the fast growth in Latin American-Asian digitally deliverable services trade in the past 15 years. Asian manufacturing, agricultural and services exporters have significantly expanded their sourcing from providers in Costa Rica, Chile and Colombia, while Latin American producers have increased sourcing from China, the Philippines and Japan. There are some "hidden complementarities" in digitally deliverable services between Latin America and Asia. The Latin American manufacturing, mining and services sectors are drawing on sophisticated IT services and services using disruptive technologies such as blockchain and AI from Japan, the Republic of Korea, Singapore and the Philippines, while Latin American manufacturers and agricultural firms are increasingly using Chinese financial services. The Chinese manufacturing sector is using Brazilian suppliers, and companies in Singapore, China, the Republic of Korea and Japan look to Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica and Colombia for emerging digitally deliverable services such as gaming, animation and e-commerce. The agricultural sector in Thailand and Viet Nam leverage Brazilian digitally deliverable services, potentially Agtech applications.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/235587
    Series: Working paper / Asia-Pacific Research and Training Network on Trade ; no. 207 (2021)
    Subjects: international trade; value chains; trade in services; digitization; ecommerce
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. The impact of policy measures on trade in services in Latin America and the Caribbean
    Author: Trachtenberg, Danielle
    Published: May 2021
    Publisher:  Inter-American Development Bank, Department of Research and Chief Economist, [Washington, DC]

    This paper uses data on policy measures affecting services operation and trade to document and estimate the impact of different types of policy measures on services exports and imports, with a focus on Latin America and the Caribbean. It finds that... more

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    This paper uses data on policy measures affecting services operation and trade to document and estimate the impact of different types of policy measures on services exports and imports, with a focus on Latin America and the Caribbean. It finds that market-entry measures are important to both total services exports and imports in the region and bilateral trade flows with the United States, while measures relating to the operation of service providers are important for bilateral trade flows with the United States.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/237509
    Series: IDB working paper series ; no IDB-WP-01250
    Subjects: International trade; trade in services; trade policy; regulation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Copyright protection in the digital single market
    Author: Stähler, Frank; Stähler, Leander
    Published: june 2020
    Publisher:  Centre for Applied Research at NHH, Bergen

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    Language: English
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    Format: Online
    Series: SNF working paper ; no. 20, 04
    Subjects: Copyright protection; IPRs; content platforms; trade in services; digital services
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Smart or smash?
    the effect of financial sanctions on trade in goods and services
    Author: Besedeš, Tibor; Goldbach, Stefan; Nitsch, Volker
    Published: August 2023
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    We examine the extent to which financial sanctions imposed by Germany through its European Union and United Nations commitments cause collateral damage on Germany's trade in goods and services. Financial sanctions reduce Germany's inflows and... more

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    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 63
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    We examine the extent to which financial sanctions imposed by Germany through its European Union and United Nations commitments cause collateral damage on Germany's trade in goods and services. Financial sanctions reduce Germany's inflows and outflows of financial assets, as well as imports and exports of goods and services. The relative effects on trade in goods and services are weaker than on financial assets, about half as large in the case of goods and two-thirds as large in the case of services. The effect on trade in goods is entirely due to episodes where financial sanctions are accompanied by export restrictions of specific goods. In the case of services trade, only exports are affected by financial sanctions once export restrictions are considered. The primary channel through which sanctions affect the three types of cross-border flows is the extensive margin. Anticipation effects are quite strong for financial assets and weak for services and goods.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/279386
    Series: CESifo working papers ; 10635 (2023)
    Subjects: sanction; restriction; cross-border transaction; trade in goods; trade in services; financial flows
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen