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Displaying results 1 to 14 of 14.

  1. Evaluating medium term forecasting methods & their implications for EU output gap calculations
    Author: McMorrow, Kieran; Röger, Werner; Vandermeulen, Valerie
    Published: 2017
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 289 (70)
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279649318
    Other identifier:
    Series: Array ; 070 (October 2017)
    Subjects: Production function methodology; output gaps
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Estimating the output gap after COVID
    an application to Colombia
    Author: Granados, Camilo; Parra-Amado, Daniel
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, International Economics Department, Geneva, Switzerland

    This study examines whether and how important it is to adjust output gap frameworks during the COVID-19 pandemic and similar unprecedentedly large-scale episodes. Our proposed modelling framework comprises a Bayesian Structural Vector Autoregresion... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 272
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    This study examines whether and how important it is to adjust output gap frameworks during the COVID-19 pandemic and similar unprecedentedly large-scale episodes. Our proposed modelling framework comprises a Bayesian Structural Vector Autoregresion with an identification setup based on a permanent-transitory decomposition that exploits the long-run relationship of consumption with output whose residuals are scaled up around the COVID-19 period. Our results indicate that (i) a single structural error is sufficient to explain the permanent component of the gross domestic product (GDP); (ii) the adjusted method allows for the incorporation of the COVID-19 period without assuming sudden changes in the modelling setup after the pandemic; and (iii) the proposed adjustment generates approximation improvements relative to standard filters or similar models with no adjustments or alternative ones, but where the specific rare observations are not known. Importantly, abstracting from any adjustment may lead to over- or underestimating the gap, too-quick gap recoveries after downturns, or too-large volatility around the median potential output estimations.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/278388
    Series: Working paper series / Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, International Economics Department ; no. HEIDWP2023, 04
    Subjects: Bayesian methods; business cycles; potential output; output gaps; structural estimation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Estimating the output gap after Covid: how to address unprecedented macroeconomic variations
    Author: Granados, Camilo; Parra-Amado, Daniel
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Banco de la Republica Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 468
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 20.500.12134/10695
    Series: Borradores de economía ; no.1249 (2023)
    Subjects: Bayesian methods; business cycles; potential output; output gaps; structural estimation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Managing growth in a volatile world
    Published: June 2012
    Publisher:  The World Bank, Washington, DC

    The year began on a positive note. A marked improvement in market sentiment, combined with monetary policy easing in developing countries, was reflected in a rebound in economic activity in both developing and advanced countries. Industrial... more

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    The year began on a positive note. A marked improvement in market sentiment, combined with monetary policy easing in developing countries, was reflected in a rebound in economic activity in both developing and advanced countries. Industrial production, trade and capital goods sales all returned to positive territory, following the slow growth of the fourth quarter of 2011. Although debt levels in developing countries are lower, several countries (notably Jordan, India, and Pakistan) must reduce their structural fiscal balances to reduce debt to 40 percent of Gross domestic Product (GDP) by 2020 (or prevent debt-to-GDP ratios from rising further). As a result, sharp swings in investor sentiment and financial conditions will continue to complicate the conduct of macroeconomic policy in developing countries. In these conditions, policy in developing countries needs to be less reactive to short-term changes in external conditions, and more responsive to medium-term domestic considerations. A return to more neutral macroeconomic policies would also help developing countries reduce their vulnerabilities to external shocks, by rebuilding fiscal space, reducing short-term debt exposures and recreating the kinds of buffers that allowed them to react so resiliently to the 2008/09 crisis.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/12106
    Series: Global economic prospects ; volume 5 (June 2012)
    Subjects: Wirtschaftslage; Welt; Global Economic Prospects; accounting; arbitrage; assets; bailout; bank lending; Bank Loans; banking systems; basis points; binding constraint; bond; bond issuance; Bond Issues; bond spreads; Bond Yields; bonds; borrowing costs; budget constraint; buffers; business confidence; capacity constraints; capital constraints; capital goods; capital inflows; capital markets; Capital outflows; capital requirements; capitalization; CDS; central bank; Commodities; commodity; commodity markets; commodity price; commodity prices; commodity traders; consumer demand; consumer goods; consumer spending; Copyright Clearance; Copyright Clearance Center; country capital; country debt; country Equity; Credit Default; Credit Default Swap; credit squeeze; credit squeezes; crisis countries; Current account balance; current account balances; current account deficit; current account deficits; debt; Debt data; debt flows; debt levels; debt obligations; debt restructuring; debt stocks; debts; decline in investment; deposits; developing countries; developing country; Developing country Equity; developing economies; developing economy; domestic markets; downside scenario; durable; durables; Economic developments; Emerging Markets; Emerging-market; Equities; equity issuance; Equity Issues; Equity market; Equity markets; exchange rate; Exchange Rates; expenditure; expenditures; export growth; export value Interest Rates; exporter; exporters; exposures; external shocks; financial crises; financial crisis; financial institutions; financial integration; financial market; financial markets; financial sector; financial sector developments; financial sectors; financial systems; financing requirements; fiscal consolidation; fiscal deficits; fiscal policies; fiscal policy; food price; food prices; foreign banks; foreign currency; Global Economy; global finance; global financial markets; global financial systems; global output; global trade; Government account; government accounts; Government budget; government debt; government deficit; government deficits; government expenditure; government expenditures; government revenue; government revenues; government spending; Gross debt; growth rate; growth rates; High-Income Countries; high-income country; household savings; human capital; import; import demand; Income; income growth; incomes; Inflation; inflation rates; inflationary pressures; interest rates; International Bank; international business; International capital; International capital flows; international financial institutions; international financial markets; international reserves; International Settlements; International Trade; investing; investment activity; investment spending; lenders; level of risk; loan; local currency; low-income countries; macroeconomic policies; macroeconomic policy; Macroeconomic vulnerabilities; market conditions; market price; market prices; Market regulators; maturity; middle-income countries; Monetary Fund; monetary policies; monetary policy; natural disasters; Net capital; oil commodities; oil price; oil prices; Output; Output Gap; output gaps; political stability; political uncertainty; Portfolio; portfolio capital; post-crisis period; power parity; private banks; Private creditors; Private debt; private inflows; public spending; purchasing power; purchasing power parity; rate of growth; real interest; real interest rates; Regional trade; regulators; remittances; reserve; return; risk assessments; risk aversion; savings; savings rate; short-term debt; small countries; sovereign debt; stock markets; sustainable growth; technological change; trade deficit; trade finance; trading; transition countries; Treasury; Treasury Yields; value index; volatile capital; volatility; weights; withdrawal; world economy; World Trade
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 162 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Navigating strong currents
    Published: January 2011
    Publisher:  The World Bank, Washington, DC

    Economic activity in most developing countries has, or is close to having, recovered. Supported by resurgence in international and domestic financial flows and higher commodity prices, most of the spare capacity in developing countries that was... more

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Economic activity in most developing countries has, or is close to having, recovered. Supported by resurgence in international and domestic financial flows and higher commodity prices, most of the spare capacity in developing countries that was created by the crisis has been reabsorbed, and developing countries have regained trend growth rates close to those observed in the pre-crisis period. The remainder of this report is organized as follows. The next section discusses recent developments in global production, trade, and financial markets, and presents updates of the World Bank's forecast for the global economy and developing countries. The global economy is transitioning from the bounce-back phase of the recovery toward a period of slower but more sustainable growth. Growth in most developing countries is increasingly running into capacity constraints, while in high-income and developing Europe and Central Asia growth is hampered by the concentrated nature of slack and ongoing restructuring. In this environment, policy needs to be moving away from short-term demand stimulus toward measures that generate additional employment by enhancing the supply potential of economies. The global policy environment has become highly charged and uncertain, and presents multiple risks to prospects for developing countries. As emphasized at the recent G-20 meetings in Seoul (G-20 2010), both developing and high-income countries will need to take care to minimize the negative external consequences of their domestic policy actions. Concretely, this means that while countries must remain mindful of domestic conditions, when opportunities present themselves to pursue domestic policy objectives in a manner that support adjustment elsewhere in the global economy these should be taken up.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/12102
    Series: Global economic prospects ; volume 2 (January 2011)
    Subjects: Wirtschaftslage; Welt; Global Economic Prospects; asset price; auction; Bank Bond; Bank Equity; bank lending; bank loan; banking assets; banking sector; banking sectors; banking system; basis points; Bond; bond flows; bond issuance; Bond Portfolio; bond yield; bonds; capacity constraints; capital control; capital controls; capital flows; capital formation; capital gains; capital inflow; Capital inflows; capital markets; capital outflows; capital shortages; CDS; Central Bank; commodities; commodity; commodity prices; consumer debt; consumer demand; consumer goods; contingent liabilities; Copyright Clearance; Copyright Clearance Center; corporate bonds; credit default; credit default swap; credit default swaps; credit rating; creditors; Current account balance; current account balances; current account deficit; current account deficits; current account surpluses; debt flows; debt relief; deposits; developing countries; Developing country; developing economies; dividends; dollar value; domestic credit; domestic economy; durable; durable goods; economic developments; economic performance; emerging markets; equipment; equities; equity flows; equity issues; equity market; equity markets; exchange rate; exchange rate movements; exchange rates; exporters; exposure; financial crisis; financial flows; financial inflows; financial institutions; financial integration; financial market; financial markets; financial sector; financial sector policies; Financial Stability; financial support; fiscal consolidation; fiscal consolidations; fiscal deficits; fiscal policy; Fixed investment; flows of capital; Food price; food prices; foreign banks; foreign capital; Foreign direct investment; foreign exchange; foreign exchange market; foreign holdings; foreign investors; fund managers; future growth; futures; global economy; global exports; global financial markets; global investors; global pension; global trade; government finances; government spending; growth rate; growth rates; hedge funds; holdings; host country; import costs; income; incomes; indebtedness; inflation; inflationary pressure; inflationary pressures; infrastructure investment; institutional development; Institutional investor; interest income; interest rate; interest rate differentials; interest rates; International Bank; international bond; International capital; International capital flows; international financial markets; International settlements; investment climate; investment flows; investment funds; investment projects; investment rates; investment spending; investment vehicles; labor market; liquidity; local currency; local economy; local market; long-term interest; loss of confidence; Low-income countries; macroeconomic management; macroeconomic policy; market developments; market expectations; market index; market makers; market participants; market price; market prices; market valuations; market volatility; maturity; middle-income countries; monetary policy; money market; money supply; monopoly; Net debt; oil price; oil prices; output; output gap; output gaps; pension; pension funds; pension systems; political stability; Portfolio; portfolio investment; portfolios; power parity; price volatility; private capital; private capital flows; Private creditors; private savings; public finances; purchasing power; rapid expansion; regulatory requirements; remittance; remittances; repayments; reserve; reserve requirements; reserves; savings; savings rates; securities; short-term assets; short-term debt; sovereign debt; sovereign debt markets; speculative bubble; supply shocks; tax; tax rate; tax rates; Technological change; trading; transaction costs; transition countries; transition economies; Treasuries; Unemployment rates; volatility; withdrawal; world economy; world trade; yield spreads
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 129 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Assuring growth over the medium term
    Published: January 2013
    Publisher:  The World Bank, Washington, DC

    More than four years after the global financial crisis hit, high-income countries struggle to restructure their economies and regain fiscal sustainability. Developing countries, where growth is 1-2 percentage points below what it was during the... more

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    More than four years after the global financial crisis hit, high-income countries struggle to restructure their economies and regain fiscal sustainability. Developing countries, where growth is 1-2 percentage points below what it was during the pre-crisis period, have been affected by the weakness in high-income countries. To regain pre-crisis growth rates, they will need to focus on productivity-enhancing domestic policies rather than demand stimulus. Although the major risks to the global economy are similar to those of a year ago, the likelihood that they will materialize has diminished, as has the magnitude of estimated impacts should these events occur. Major downside risks include the loss of access to capital markets by vulnerable Euro Area countries, lack of agreement on U.S. fiscal policy and the debt ceiling, and commodity price shocks. In an environment of slow growth and continued volatility, a steady hand is required in developing countries to avoid pro-cyclical policy and to rebuild macroeconomic buffers so that authorities can react in the case of new external or domestic shocks.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780821398821
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/12124
    Series: Global economic prospects ; volume 6 (January 2013)
    Subjects: Wirtschaftswachstum; Produktivitätsentwicklung; Entwicklungsländer; Global Economic Prospects; accounting; arbitrage; assets; bailout; bank lending; Bank Loans; banking systems; basis points; binding constraint; bond; bond issuance; Bond Issues; bond spreads; Bond Yields; bonds; borrowing costs; budget constraint; buffers; business confidence; capacity constraints; capital constraints; capital goods; capital inflows; capital markets; Capital outflows; capital requirements; capitalization; CDS; central bank; Commodities; commodity; commodity markets; commodity price; commodity prices; commodity traders; consumer demand; consumer goods; consumer spending; Copyright Clearance; Copyright Clearance Center; country capital; country debt; country Equity; Credit Default; Credit Default Swap; credit squeeze; credit squeezes; crisis countries; Current account balance; current account balances; current account deficit; current account deficits; debt; Debt data; debt flows; debt levels; debt obligations; debt restructuring; debt stocks; debts; decline in investment; deposits; developing countries; developing country; Developing country Equity; developing economies; developing economy; domestic markets; downside scenario; durable; durables; Economic developments; Emerging Markets; Emerging-market; Equities; equity issuance; Equity Issues; Equity market; Equity markets; exchange rate; Exchange Rates; expenditure; expenditures; export growth; export value Interest Rates; exporter; exporters; exposures; external shocks; financial crises; financial crisis; financial institutions; financial integration; financial market; financial markets; financial sector; financial sector developments; financial sectors; financial systems; financing requirements; fiscal consolidation; fiscal deficits; fiscal policies; fiscal policy; food price; food prices; foreign banks; foreign currency; Global Economy; global finance; global financial markets; global financial systems; global output; global trade; Government account; government accounts; Government budget; government debt; government deficit; government deficits; government expenditure; government expenditures; government revenue; government revenues; government spending; Gross debt; growth rate; growth rates; High-Income Countries; high-income country; household savings; human capital; import; import demand; Income; income growth; incomes; Inflation; inflation rates; inflationary pressures; interest rates; International Bank; international business; International capital; International capital flows; international financial institutions; international financial markets; international reserves; International Settlements; International Trade; investing; investment activity; investment spending; lenders; level of risk; loan; local currency; low-income countries; macroeconomic policies; macroeconomic policy; Macroeconomic vulnerabilities; market conditions; market price; market prices; Market regulators; maturity; middle-income countries; Monetary Fund; monetary policies; monetary policy; natural disasters; Net capital; oil commodities; oil price; oil prices; Output; Output Gap; output gaps; political stability; political uncertainty; Portfolio; portfolio capital; post-crisis period; power parity; private banks; Private creditors; Private debt; private inflows; public spending; purchasing power; purchasing power parity; rate of growth; real interest; real interest rates; Regional trade; regulators; remittances; reserve; return; risk assessments; risk aversion; savings; savings rate; short-term debt; small countries; sovereign debt; stock markets; sustainable growth; technological change; trade deficit; trade finance; trading; transition countries; Treasury; Treasury Yields; value index; volatile capital; volatility; weights; withdrawal; world economy; World Trade
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 178 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. The production function methodology for calculating potential growth rates & output gaps
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Europ. Comm., Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs, Brussels

    Location:
    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
    Signature:
    EDZ online a
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    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 289 (535)
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279351846
    Other identifier:
    Series: Array ; 535
    Subjects: Production function methodology; potential growth rates; output gaps
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei; 120 S., 2,86 MB)
  8. Managing growth in a volatile world
    Published: June 2012
    Publisher:  The World Bank, Washington, DC

    The year began on a positive note. A marked improvement in market sentiment, combined with monetary policy easing in developing countries, was reflected in a rebound in economic activity in both developing and advanced countries. Industrial... more

    Location:
    Orient-Institut Beirut
    Signature:
    Online
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    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
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    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Clausthal
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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    Location:
    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    VSP 732
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    Location:
    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
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    The year began on a positive note. A marked improvement in market sentiment, combined with monetary policy easing in developing countries, was reflected in a rebound in economic activity in both developing and advanced countries. Industrial production, trade and capital goods sales all returned to positive territory, following the slow growth of the fourth quarter of 2011. Although debt levels in developing countries are lower, several countries (notably Jordan, India, and Pakistan) must reduce their structural fiscal balances to reduce debt to 40 percent of Gross domestic Product (GDP) by 2020 (or prevent debt-to-GDP ratios from rising further). As a result, sharp swings in investor sentiment and financial conditions will continue to complicate the conduct of macroeconomic policy in developing countries. In these conditions, policy in developing countries needs to be less reactive to short-term changes in external conditions, and more responsive to medium-term domestic considerations. A return to more neutral macroeconomic policies would also help developing countries reduce their vulnerabilities to external shocks, by rebuilding fiscal space, reducing short-term debt exposures and recreating the kinds of buffers that allowed them to react so resiliently to the 2008/09 crisis.

     
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    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/12106
    Series: Global economic prospects ; volume 5 (June 2012)
    Subjects: Wirtschaftslage; Welt; Global Economic Prospects; accounting; arbitrage; assets; bailout; bank lending; Bank Loans; banking systems; basis points; binding constraint; bond; bond issuance; Bond Issues; bond spreads; Bond Yields; bonds; borrowing costs; budget constraint; buffers; business confidence; capacity constraints; capital constraints; capital goods; capital inflows; capital markets; Capital outflows; capital requirements; capitalization; CDS; central bank; Commodities; commodity; commodity markets; commodity price; commodity prices; commodity traders; consumer demand; consumer goods; consumer spending; Copyright Clearance; Copyright Clearance Center; country capital; country debt; country Equity; Credit Default; Credit Default Swap; credit squeeze; credit squeezes; crisis countries; Current account balance; current account balances; current account deficit; current account deficits; debt; Debt data; debt flows; debt levels; debt obligations; debt restructuring; debt stocks; debts; decline in investment; deposits; developing countries; developing country; Developing country Equity; developing economies; developing economy; domestic markets; downside scenario; durable; durables; Economic developments; Emerging Markets; Emerging-market; Equities; equity issuance; Equity Issues; Equity market; Equity markets; exchange rate; Exchange Rates; expenditure; expenditures; export growth; export value Interest Rates; exporter; exporters; exposures; external shocks; financial crises; financial crisis; financial institutions; financial integration; financial market; financial markets; financial sector; financial sector developments; financial sectors; financial systems; financing requirements; fiscal consolidation; fiscal deficits; fiscal policies; fiscal policy; food price; food prices; foreign banks; foreign currency; Global Economy; global finance; global financial markets; global financial systems; global output; global trade; Government account; government accounts; Government budget; government debt; government deficit; government deficits; government expenditure; government expenditures; government revenue; government revenues; government spending; Gross debt; growth rate; growth rates; High-Income Countries; high-income country; household savings; human capital; import; import demand; Income; income growth; incomes; Inflation; inflation rates; inflationary pressures; interest rates; International Bank; international business; International capital; International capital flows; international financial institutions; international financial markets; international reserves; International Settlements; International Trade; investing; investment activity; investment spending; lenders; level of risk; loan; local currency; low-income countries; macroeconomic policies; macroeconomic policy; Macroeconomic vulnerabilities; market conditions; market price; market prices; Market regulators; maturity; middle-income countries; Monetary Fund; monetary policies; monetary policy; natural disasters; Net capital; oil commodities; oil price; oil prices; Output; Output Gap; output gaps; political stability; political uncertainty; Portfolio; portfolio capital; post-crisis period; power parity; private banks; Private creditors; Private debt; private inflows; public spending; purchasing power; purchasing power parity; rate of growth; real interest; real interest rates; Regional trade; regulators; remittances; reserve; return; risk assessments; risk aversion; savings; savings rate; short-term debt; small countries; sovereign debt; stock markets; sustainable growth; technological change; trade deficit; trade finance; trading; transition countries; Treasury; Treasury Yields; value index; volatile capital; volatility; weights; withdrawal; world economy; World Trade
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 162 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Navigating strong currents
    Published: January 2011
    Publisher:  The World Bank, Washington, DC

    Economic activity in most developing countries has, or is close to having, recovered. Supported by resurgence in international and domestic financial flows and higher commodity prices, most of the spare capacity in developing countries that was... more

    Location:
    Orient-Institut Beirut
    Signature:
    Online
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    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
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    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Clausthal
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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    VSP 732
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    Location:
    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Economic activity in most developing countries has, or is close to having, recovered. Supported by resurgence in international and domestic financial flows and higher commodity prices, most of the spare capacity in developing countries that was created by the crisis has been reabsorbed, and developing countries have regained trend growth rates close to those observed in the pre-crisis period. The remainder of this report is organized as follows. The next section discusses recent developments in global production, trade, and financial markets, and presents updates of the World Bank's forecast for the global economy and developing countries. The global economy is transitioning from the bounce-back phase of the recovery toward a period of slower but more sustainable growth. Growth in most developing countries is increasingly running into capacity constraints, while in high-income and developing Europe and Central Asia growth is hampered by the concentrated nature of slack and ongoing restructuring. In this environment, policy needs to be moving away from short-term demand stimulus toward measures that generate additional employment by enhancing the supply potential of economies. The global policy environment has become highly charged and uncertain, and presents multiple risks to prospects for developing countries. As emphasized at the recent G-20 meetings in Seoul (G-20 2010), both developing and high-income countries will need to take care to minimize the negative external consequences of their domestic policy actions. Concretely, this means that while countries must remain mindful of domestic conditions, when opportunities present themselves to pursue domestic policy objectives in a manner that support adjustment elsewhere in the global economy these should be taken up.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/12102
    Series: Global economic prospects ; volume 2 (January 2011)
    Subjects: Wirtschaftslage; Welt; Global Economic Prospects; asset price; auction; Bank Bond; Bank Equity; bank lending; bank loan; banking assets; banking sector; banking sectors; banking system; basis points; Bond; bond flows; bond issuance; Bond Portfolio; bond yield; bonds; capacity constraints; capital control; capital controls; capital flows; capital formation; capital gains; capital inflow; Capital inflows; capital markets; capital outflows; capital shortages; CDS; Central Bank; commodities; commodity; commodity prices; consumer debt; consumer demand; consumer goods; contingent liabilities; Copyright Clearance; Copyright Clearance Center; corporate bonds; credit default; credit default swap; credit default swaps; credit rating; creditors; Current account balance; current account balances; current account deficit; current account deficits; current account surpluses; debt flows; debt relief; deposits; developing countries; Developing country; developing economies; dividends; dollar value; domestic credit; domestic economy; durable; durable goods; economic developments; economic performance; emerging markets; equipment; equities; equity flows; equity issues; equity market; equity markets; exchange rate; exchange rate movements; exchange rates; exporters; exposure; financial crisis; financial flows; financial inflows; financial institutions; financial integration; financial market; financial markets; financial sector; financial sector policies; Financial Stability; financial support; fiscal consolidation; fiscal consolidations; fiscal deficits; fiscal policy; Fixed investment; flows of capital; Food price; food prices; foreign banks; foreign capital; Foreign direct investment; foreign exchange; foreign exchange market; foreign holdings; foreign investors; fund managers; future growth; futures; global economy; global exports; global financial markets; global investors; global pension; global trade; government finances; government spending; growth rate; growth rates; hedge funds; holdings; host country; import costs; income; incomes; indebtedness; inflation; inflationary pressure; inflationary pressures; infrastructure investment; institutional development; Institutional investor; interest income; interest rate; interest rate differentials; interest rates; International Bank; international bond; International capital; International capital flows; international financial markets; International settlements; investment climate; investment flows; investment funds; investment projects; investment rates; investment spending; investment vehicles; labor market; liquidity; local currency; local economy; local market; long-term interest; loss of confidence; Low-income countries; macroeconomic management; macroeconomic policy; market developments; market expectations; market index; market makers; market participants; market price; market prices; market valuations; market volatility; maturity; middle-income countries; monetary policy; money market; money supply; monopoly; Net debt; oil price; oil prices; output; output gap; output gaps; pension; pension funds; pension systems; political stability; Portfolio; portfolio investment; portfolios; power parity; price volatility; private capital; private capital flows; Private creditors; private savings; public finances; purchasing power; rapid expansion; regulatory requirements; remittance; remittances; repayments; reserve; reserve requirements; reserves; savings; savings rates; securities; short-term assets; short-term debt; sovereign debt; sovereign debt markets; speculative bubble; supply shocks; tax; tax rate; tax rates; Technological change; trading; transaction costs; transition countries; transition economies; Treasuries; Unemployment rates; volatility; withdrawal; world economy; world trade; yield spreads
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 129 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Assuring growth over the medium term
    Published: January 2013
    Publisher:  The World Bank, Washington, DC

    More than four years after the global financial crisis hit, high-income countries struggle to restructure their economies and regain fiscal sustainability. Developing countries, where growth is 1-2 percentage points below what it was during the... more

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    More than four years after the global financial crisis hit, high-income countries struggle to restructure their economies and regain fiscal sustainability. Developing countries, where growth is 1-2 percentage points below what it was during the pre-crisis period, have been affected by the weakness in high-income countries. To regain pre-crisis growth rates, they will need to focus on productivity-enhancing domestic policies rather than demand stimulus. Although the major risks to the global economy are similar to those of a year ago, the likelihood that they will materialize has diminished, as has the magnitude of estimated impacts should these events occur. Major downside risks include the loss of access to capital markets by vulnerable Euro Area countries, lack of agreement on U.S. fiscal policy and the debt ceiling, and commodity price shocks. In an environment of slow growth and continued volatility, a steady hand is required in developing countries to avoid pro-cyclical policy and to rebuild macroeconomic buffers so that authorities can react in the case of new external or domestic shocks.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780821398821
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/12124
    Series: Global economic prospects ; volume 6 (January 2013)
    Subjects: Wirtschaftswachstum; Produktivitätsentwicklung; Entwicklungsländer; Global Economic Prospects; accounting; arbitrage; assets; bailout; bank lending; Bank Loans; banking systems; basis points; binding constraint; bond; bond issuance; Bond Issues; bond spreads; Bond Yields; bonds; borrowing costs; budget constraint; buffers; business confidence; capacity constraints; capital constraints; capital goods; capital inflows; capital markets; Capital outflows; capital requirements; capitalization; CDS; central bank; Commodities; commodity; commodity markets; commodity price; commodity prices; commodity traders; consumer demand; consumer goods; consumer spending; Copyright Clearance; Copyright Clearance Center; country capital; country debt; country Equity; Credit Default; Credit Default Swap; credit squeeze; credit squeezes; crisis countries; Current account balance; current account balances; current account deficit; current account deficits; debt; Debt data; debt flows; debt levels; debt obligations; debt restructuring; debt stocks; debts; decline in investment; deposits; developing countries; developing country; Developing country Equity; developing economies; developing economy; domestic markets; downside scenario; durable; durables; Economic developments; Emerging Markets; Emerging-market; Equities; equity issuance; Equity Issues; Equity market; Equity markets; exchange rate; Exchange Rates; expenditure; expenditures; export growth; export value Interest Rates; exporter; exporters; exposures; external shocks; financial crises; financial crisis; financial institutions; financial integration; financial market; financial markets; financial sector; financial sector developments; financial sectors; financial systems; financing requirements; fiscal consolidation; fiscal deficits; fiscal policies; fiscal policy; food price; food prices; foreign banks; foreign currency; Global Economy; global finance; global financial markets; global financial systems; global output; global trade; Government account; government accounts; Government budget; government debt; government deficit; government deficits; government expenditure; government expenditures; government revenue; government revenues; government spending; Gross debt; growth rate; growth rates; High-Income Countries; high-income country; household savings; human capital; import; import demand; Income; income growth; incomes; Inflation; inflation rates; inflationary pressures; interest rates; International Bank; international business; International capital; International capital flows; international financial institutions; international financial markets; international reserves; International Settlements; International Trade; investing; investment activity; investment spending; lenders; level of risk; loan; local currency; low-income countries; macroeconomic policies; macroeconomic policy; Macroeconomic vulnerabilities; market conditions; market price; market prices; Market regulators; maturity; middle-income countries; Monetary Fund; monetary policies; monetary policy; natural disasters; Net capital; oil commodities; oil price; oil prices; Output; Output Gap; output gaps; political stability; political uncertainty; Portfolio; portfolio capital; post-crisis period; power parity; private banks; Private creditors; Private debt; private inflows; public spending; purchasing power; purchasing power parity; rate of growth; real interest; real interest rates; Regional trade; regulators; remittances; reserve; return; risk assessments; risk aversion; savings; savings rate; short-term debt; small countries; sovereign debt; stock markets; sustainable growth; technological change; trade deficit; trade finance; trading; transition countries; Treasury; Treasury Yields; value index; volatile capital; volatility; weights; withdrawal; world economy; World Trade
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 178 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Coherence of output gaps in the euro area
    the impact of the Covid-19 shock
    Author: Haan, Jakob de; Jacobs, Jan; Zijm, Renske
    Published: March 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Using the measures proposed by Mink et al. (2012), we reexamine the coherence of business cycles in the euro area using a long sample period. We also analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on business cycle coherence and examine whether our... more

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    Using the measures proposed by Mink et al. (2012), we reexamine the coherence of business cycles in the euro area using a long sample period. We also analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on business cycle coherence and examine whether our measures for business cycle coherence indicate a core versus periphery within EMU. Our results suggest that business cycle coherence did not increase monotonically. The COVID-19 pandemic made that the signs of the output gaps of euro area countries became more similar, but we find large differences in the amplitude of the output gaps across countries.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/260784
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9654 (2022)
    Subjects: Covid-19 crisis; business cycle coherence; synchronization; output gaps; euro area
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Climate hysteresis and monetary policy
    Author: Panton, Augustus J.
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Australian National University, Crawford School of Public Policy, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Canberra

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Series: CAMA working paper ; 2020, 76 (August 2020)
    Subjects: Potential output; output gaps; NAIRU; physical climate risks
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Survey-based structural budget balances
    Author: Göttert, Marcell; Wollmershäuser, Timo
    Published: February 2021
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    The budget dispute between Italy and the European Commission in 2018 gave new impetus for the debate about the reliability of output gap estimation methods and their use for calculating structural budget balances. In this paper we review the main... more

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    The budget dispute between Italy and the European Commission in 2018 gave new impetus for the debate about the reliability of output gap estimation methods and their use for calculating structural budget balances. In this paper we review the main properties of the mainstream approaches and compare their performance with structural budget balances, whose calculation is based on a business survey. Our main result is that while the survey-based measure is highly correlated with the existing structural budget balances which are calculated based on some estimates of the output gap, it is significantly less revised over time and almost unbiased. Moreover, the survey-based measure could be easily implemented into the existing EU fiscal rules without any major changes.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Media type: Book
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/235281
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 8911 (2021)
    Subjects: fiscal rules; cyclical adjustment; output gaps; real time data
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  14. Survey-based structural budget balances
    Author: Göttert, Marcell; Wollmershäuser, Timo
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    The budget dispute between Italy and the European Commission in 2018 gave new impetus for the debate about the reliability of output gap estimation methods and their use for calculating structural budget balances. In this paper we review the main... more

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    The budget dispute between Italy and the European Commission in 2018 gave new impetus for the debate about the reliability of output gap estimation methods and their use for calculating structural budget balances. In this paper we review the main properties of the mainstream approaches and compare their performance with structural budget balances, whose calculation is based on a business survey. Our main result is that while the survey-based measure is highly correlated with the existing structural budget balances which are calculated based on some estimates of the output gap, it is significantly less revised over time and almost unbiased. Moreover, the survey-based measure could be easily implemented into the existing EU fiscal rules without any major changes.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/233804
    Series: EconPol working paper ; vol. 5, 59 (2021, February)
    Subjects: fiscal rules; cyclical adjustment; output gaps; real time data
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen