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Displaying results 1 to 14 of 14.

  1. Costa Rica
    2021 Article IV consultation and request for an extended arrangement under the extended fund facility : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Costa Rica
    Published: March 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Costa Rica has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, notwithstanding the authorities' proactive policy response and the country's well-established universal healthcare system. The socio-economic impact has been significant, exacerbating an already... more

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    Costa Rica has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, notwithstanding the authorities' proactive policy response and the country's well-established universal healthcare system. The socio-economic impact has been significant, exacerbating an already fragile outlook and pre-existing imbalances, with a significant toll on economic activity and unemployment-especially among women and the young. The shock has further weakened the country's fiscal position, undermining the expected yields from the ambitious fiscal reform launched in late 2018, and generated a large financing gap. Financial support through the Fund's Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) in 2020 provided temporary relief to respond to the pandemic, including by catalyzing financial assistance from other official partners, but financing needs remain sizable over the medium term

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781513570921
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    Series: IMF country reports ; 21, 48
    Subjects: BCCR Law; Costa Rican authorities; reform agenda; EFF policy commitment; monetary policy stance; COVID-19; External sector statistics; Government finance statistics; Global; Central America
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 130 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Sweden
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; and staff report
    Published: March 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Sweden entered the pandemic with substantial buffers and suffered a relatively shallow recession in 2020. The decline in output was moderated by substantial income and liquidity support as well as structural features of the economy. Sweden's initial... more

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    Sweden entered the pandemic with substantial buffers and suffered a relatively shallow recession in 2020. The decline in output was moderated by substantial income and liquidity support as well as structural features of the economy. Sweden's initial less stringent containment strategy seems to have altered the timing of the economic fallout, which intensified towards the middle of the year. This fallout has particularly impacted the youth and foreign-born. Economic recovery is projected over the next two years, but uncertainty has increased due to the new strains of the virus and slow vaccination

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781513574684
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    Series: IMF country reports ; no. 21, 61
    Subjects: liability positions vis-à-vis nonresident; money market rate; IMF staff calculation; statistics Sweden; monetary policy stance; Greenhouse gas emissions; Government finance statistics; Global; asset purchase program; Baltics
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. The Gambia
    second review under the extended credit facility arrangement and financing assurances review; press release; and staff report
    Published: June 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    The Gambia is experiencing a second wave of COVID-19 cases. The vaccination campaign started in early March 2021, but the pace is slow, due to vaccine availability and hesitancy. Presidential and parliamentary elections are planned for December 2021... more

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    The Gambia is experiencing a second wave of COVID-19 cases. The vaccination campaign started in early March 2021, but the pace is slow, due to vaccine availability and hesitancy. Presidential and parliamentary elections are planned for December 2021 and April 2022, respectively

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781513572819
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    Series: IMF country reports ; 21, 109
    Subjects: monetary policy stance; public finance; fiscal policy prioritization; transparency policy; vaccination campaign; inflation development; reform agenda; COVID-19; Debt service; Credit; Global; International Agreements; International Organizations; Monetary Policy; Observance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 79 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Republic of Croatia
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Croatia
    Published: September 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    As other emerging economies reliant on tourism (about 25 percent total contribution of tourism-related industries in GDP and employment), Croatia has been hit hard by the pandemic and two devastating earthquakes, leading the economy to contract by... more

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    As other emerging economies reliant on tourism (about 25 percent total contribution of tourism-related industries in GDP and employment), Croatia has been hit hard by the pandemic and two devastating earthquakes, leading the economy to contract by 8.0 percent in 2020. Vaccinations have been rolled out to about 38 percent of the population (end-June 2021). Staff projects growth to bounce back to 5.4 percent in 2021, driven by a rebound in the services sector and investment, aided by fiscal and monetary policies, and bolstered by large EU grants over the medium-term

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781513595429
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 21, 205
    Subjects: EU funds; monetary policy stance; expansionary fiscal policy; targeted monetary policy response; EU investment grant; COVID-19; Tourism; Loans; Global; International Agreements; International Organizations; Monetary Policy; Observance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 74 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Republic of Tajikistan
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Tajikistan
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    With a strong recovery in train, the authorities are gradually withdrawing the policy stimulus released during the pandemic. Although debt is sustainable, there is a high risk of debt distress. At the same time, financing the Roghun dam project while... more

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    With a strong recovery in train, the authorities are gradually withdrawing the policy stimulus released during the pandemic. Although debt is sustainable, there is a high risk of debt distress. At the same time, financing the Roghun dam project while implementing tax reform remains a key challenge. The financial sector has stabilized, but intermediation remains low. Risks to the outlook are tilted to the downside due to uncertainty on the pandemic and regional spillovers

     
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  6. Angola
    2021 Article IV consultation and sixth review under the extended arrangement under the extended fund facility and request for a waiver of nonobservance of a performance criterion
    Published: January 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Policies since 2018 have stabilized the economy in a very difficult environment. Yet many challenges remain for sustainable development, especially high debt and oil dependency. The authorities remain committed to continued reforms more

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    Policies since 2018 have stabilized the economy in a very difficult environment. Yet many challenges remain for sustainable development, especially high debt and oil dependency. The authorities remain committed to continued reforms

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781616359539
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 22, 11
    Subjects: national bank of Angola; minority stake; monetary policy stance; state reform; EFF arrangement; Oil prices; Inflation; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 126 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Shadow rates as a measure of the monetary policy stance
    some international evidence
    Author: Anderl, Christina; Caporale, Guglielmo Maria
    Published: July 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    This paper examines the usefulness of shadow rates to measure the monetary policy stance by comparing them to the official policy rates and those implied by three types of Taylor rules in both inflation targeting countries (the UK, Canada, Australia... more

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    This paper examines the usefulness of shadow rates to measure the monetary policy stance by comparing them to the official policy rates and those implied by three types of Taylor rules in both inflation targeting countries (the UK, Canada, Australia and New Zealand) and others that have only targeted inflation at times (the US, Japan, the Euro Area and Switzerland) over the period from the early 1990s to December 2021. Shadow rates estimated from a dynamic factor model are shown to suggest a much looser policy stance than either the official policy rates or those implied by the Taylor rules, and generally to provide a more accurate picture of the monetary policy stance during both ZLB and non-ZLB periods, since they reflect the full range of unconventional policy measures used by central banks. Further, generalised impulse response analysis based on two alternative Vector Autoregression (VAR) models indicates that monetary shocks based on the shadow rates are more informative than those related to the official policy rates, especially during the Global Financial Crisis and the recent Covid-19 pandemic, when unconventional measures have been adopted.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263769
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9839 (2022)
    Subjects: dynamic factor models; shadow rates; inflation targeting; monetary policy stance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Republic of Tajikistan
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Tajikistan
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    With a strong recovery in train, the authorities are gradually withdrawing the policy stimulus released during the pandemic. Although debt is sustainable, there is a high risk of debt distress. At the same time, financing the Roghun dam project while... more

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    With a strong recovery in train, the authorities are gradually withdrawing the policy stimulus released during the pandemic. Although debt is sustainable, there is a high risk of debt distress. At the same time, financing the Roghun dam project while implementing tax reform remains a key challenge. The financial sector has stabilized, but intermediation remains low. Risks to the outlook are tilted to the downside due to uncertainty on the pandemic and regional spillovers

     
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  9. Angola
    2021 Article IV consultation and sixth review under the extended arrangement under the extended fund facility and request for a waiver of nonobservance of a performance criterion
    Published: January 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Policies since 2018 have stabilized the economy in a very difficult environment. Yet many challenges remain for sustainable development, especially high debt and oil dependency. The authorities remain committed to continued reforms more

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    Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Heidenheim, Bibliothek
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    Policies since 2018 have stabilized the economy in a very difficult environment. Yet many challenges remain for sustainable development, especially high debt and oil dependency. The authorities remain committed to continued reforms

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
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    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781616359539
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 22, 11
    Subjects: national bank of Angola; minority stake; monetary policy stance; state reform; EFF arrangement; Oil prices; Inflation; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 126 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Republic of Croatia
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Croatia
    Published: September 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    As other emerging economies reliant on tourism (about 25 percent total contribution of tourism-related industries in GDP and employment), Croatia has been hit hard by the pandemic and two devastating earthquakes, leading the economy to contract by... more

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    As other emerging economies reliant on tourism (about 25 percent total contribution of tourism-related industries in GDP and employment), Croatia has been hit hard by the pandemic and two devastating earthquakes, leading the economy to contract by 8.0 percent in 2020. Vaccinations have been rolled out to about 38 percent of the population (end-June 2021). Staff projects growth to bounce back to 5.4 percent in 2021, driven by a rebound in the services sector and investment, aided by fiscal and monetary policies, and bolstered by large EU grants over the medium-term

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781513595429
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 21, 205
    Subjects: EU funds; monetary policy stance; expansionary fiscal policy; targeted monetary policy response; EU investment grant; COVID-19; Tourism; Loans; Global; International Agreements; International Organizations; Monetary Policy; Observance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 74 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. The Gambia
    second review under the extended credit facility arrangement and financing assurances review; press release; and staff report
    Published: June 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    The Gambia is experiencing a second wave of COVID-19 cases. The vaccination campaign started in early March 2021, but the pace is slow, due to vaccine availability and hesitancy. Presidential and parliamentary elections are planned for December 2021... more

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    The Gambia is experiencing a second wave of COVID-19 cases. The vaccination campaign started in early March 2021, but the pace is slow, due to vaccine availability and hesitancy. Presidential and parliamentary elections are planned for December 2021 and April 2022, respectively

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
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    ISBN: 9781513572819
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    Series: IMF country reports ; 21, 109
    Subjects: monetary policy stance; public finance; fiscal policy prioritization; transparency policy; vaccination campaign; inflation development; reform agenda; COVID-19; Debt service; Credit; Global; International Agreements; International Organizations; Monetary Policy; Observance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 79 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Deciphering Federal Reserve communication via text analysis of alternative FOMC statements
    Author: Doh, Taeyoung; Song, Dongho; Yang, Shu-Kuei
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  Federal Research Bank of Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo.

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Series: KcFED research working papers ; RWP 20, 14 (October 2020)
    Subjects: Alternative FOMC statements; counterfactual policy evaluation; monetary policy stance; text analysis; natural language processing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Costa Rica
    2021 Article IV consultation and request for an extended arrangement under the extended fund facility : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Costa Rica
    Published: March 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Costa Rica has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, notwithstanding the authorities' proactive policy response and the country's well-established universal healthcare system. The socio-economic impact has been significant, exacerbating an already... more

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    Costa Rica has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, notwithstanding the authorities' proactive policy response and the country's well-established universal healthcare system. The socio-economic impact has been significant, exacerbating an already fragile outlook and pre-existing imbalances, with a significant toll on economic activity and unemployment-especially among women and the young. The shock has further weakened the country's fiscal position, undermining the expected yields from the ambitious fiscal reform launched in late 2018, and generated a large financing gap. Financial support through the Fund's Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) in 2020 provided temporary relief to respond to the pandemic, including by catalyzing financial assistance from other official partners, but financing needs remain sizable over the medium term

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
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    ISBN: 9781513570921
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    Series: IMF country reports ; 21, 48
    Subjects: BCCR Law; Costa Rican authorities; reform agenda; EFF policy commitment; monetary policy stance; COVID-19; External sector statistics; Government finance statistics; Global; Central America
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 130 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Sweden
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; and staff report
    Published: March 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Sweden entered the pandemic with substantial buffers and suffered a relatively shallow recession in 2020. The decline in output was moderated by substantial income and liquidity support as well as structural features of the economy. Sweden's initial... more

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    Sweden entered the pandemic with substantial buffers and suffered a relatively shallow recession in 2020. The decline in output was moderated by substantial income and liquidity support as well as structural features of the economy. Sweden's initial less stringent containment strategy seems to have altered the timing of the economic fallout, which intensified towards the middle of the year. This fallout has particularly impacted the youth and foreign-born. Economic recovery is projected over the next two years, but uncertainty has increased due to the new strains of the virus and slow vaccination

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781513574684
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    Series: IMF country reports ; no. 21, 61
    Subjects: liability positions vis-à-vis nonresident; money market rate; IMF staff calculation; statistics Sweden; monetary policy stance; Greenhouse gas emissions; Government finance statistics; Global; asset purchase program; Baltics
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen