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Displaying results 1 to 21 of 21.

  1. Health care centralization
    the health impacts of obstetric unit closures in the US
    Author: Fischer, Stefanie; Royer, Heather; White, Corey D.
    Published: March 2023
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Over the last few decades, health care services in the United States have become more geographically centralized. We study how the loss of hospital-based obstetric units in over 400 counties affect maternal and infant health via a... more

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    Over the last few decades, health care services in the United States have become more geographically centralized. We study how the loss of hospital-based obstetric units in over 400 counties affect maternal and infant health via a difference-in-differences design. We find that closures lead mothers to experience a significant change in birth procedures such as inductions and C-sections. In contrast to concerns voiced in the public discourse, the effects on a range of maternal and infant health outcomes are negligible or slightly beneficial. While women travel farther to receive care, closures induce women to receive higher quality care.

     
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    hdl: 10419/272614
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15987
    Subjects: obstetric; closure; infant health; maternal health; maternity ward; hospital quality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Health care centralization
    the health impacts of obstetric unit closures in the US
    Author: Fischer, Stefanie; Royer, Heather; White, Corey D.
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  [Monash University, Monash Business School, Department of Economics], [Clayton]

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    Series: Discussion paper / Monash University, Department of Economics ; no. 2022, 06
    Subjects: obstetrics; closures; infant health; maternal health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Declining quantity and quality of births in Chile amidst the COVID-19 pandemic
    Author: Pesando, Luca Maria; Abufhele, Alejandra
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE

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    Series: Division of Social Science working paper series ; working paper # 0081 (November 2022)
    Subjects: COVID-19; fertility; infant health; baby bust; Chile
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. School starting age and infant health
    Author: Borra, Cristina; González, Libertad; Patiño, David
    Published: December 2023
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We study the effects of school starting age on siblings' infant health. In Spain, children born in December start school a year earlier than those born the following January, despite being essentially the same age. We follow a regression... more

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    We study the effects of school starting age on siblings' infant health. In Spain, children born in December start school a year earlier than those born the following January, despite being essentially the same age. We follow a regression discontinuity design to compare the health at birth of the children of women born in January versus the previous December, using administrative, population-level data. We find small and insignificant effects on average weight at birth, but, compared to the children of December-born mothers, the children of January-born mothers are more likely to have very low birthweight. We then show that January-born women have the same educational attainment and the same partnership dynamics as December-born women. However, they finish school later and are (several months) older when they have their first child. Our results suggest that maternal age is a plausible mechanism behind our estimated impacts of school starting age on infant health.

     
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    hdl: 10419/282803
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16676
    Subjects: school starting age; infant health; maternal age; school cohort
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 65 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. The impact of lead exposure on fertility, infant mortality, and infant birth outcomes
    Author: Clay, Karen; Hollingsworth, Alex; Severnini, Edson R.
    Published: June 2023
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Lead exposure has detrimental effects on fertility, infants, children, and adults. Despite the success in removing lead from on-road gasoline, industrial and aviation emissions continue to pose a substantial global challenge. Other major sources of... more

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    Lead exposure has detrimental effects on fertility, infants, children, and adults. Despite the success in removing lead from on-road gasoline, industrial and aviation emissions continue to pose a substantial global challenge. Other major sources of exposure include dust, soil resuspension, and consumption of contaminated water or food. Both animal studies and evidence from humans support claims of an adverse relationship between lead pollution and human health. Since lead exposure is not randomly assigned, quasi-experimental studies play a crucial role in this knowledge base. Among these studies, extensive research links elevated blood lead levels in children to academic and behavioral outcomes, but more limited attention has been given to lead's impact on fertility, infant mortality, and infant health. This paper examines the existing quasi-experimental literature on lead and fertility, infant mortality, and infant birth outcomes, highlighting key results, methods, and implications for policymakers.

     
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    hdl: 10419/278934
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16236
    Subjects: Blei; Fertilität; Gesundheit; Kinder; Kindersterblichkeit; Bibliometrie; Blei; Fertilität; Kinder; Kindersterblichkeit; Gesundheit; Bildungsniveau; lead exposure; fertility; mortality; infant health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Sex selection and health at birth among Indian immigrants
    Author: González, Libertad
    Published: March 2016
    Publisher:  [Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Department of Economics and Business], [Barcelona]

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    Series: [Working papers / Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Department of Economics and Business ; 1516]
    Subjects: fertility; sex ratio; abortion; sex selection; son preference; infant health; immigration; India; Spain
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Aridification, agriculture, and infant health
    evidence from soil potential evapotranspiration
    Author: Lunghi, Jacopo; Malpede, Maurizio; Percoco, Marco
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  GREEN, Centre for Geography, Resources, Environment, Energy and Networks, Milano, Italy

    This study explores how aridity (proxied with a measure of soil potential evapotranspiration) impacts agricultural productivity and child wellbeing in Sub-Saharan Africa. Climate conditions, crop yield, and infant health measures are collected over... more

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    This study explores how aridity (proxied with a measure of soil potential evapotranspiration) impacts agricultural productivity and child wellbeing in Sub-Saharan Africa. Climate conditions, crop yield, and infant health measures are collected over approximately 4,000 grid cells of 0.5 x 0.5 in 34 countries. The results indicate that cells with higher soil aridity suffer from lower agricultural productivity, and infants born in arid areas are comparatively more likely to be underweight at birth and in the early years. Additionally, the aridity measure in this study captured a large share of the effect on crop yields and child health imputed to precipitations alone. The findings are applied to model projections of future climate conditions to emphasize the importance of accounting for aridity, alongside precipitations, when assessing the economic impact of climate.

     
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    Series: Working paper series / Università Bocconi, GREEN, Centre for Geography, Resources, Environment, Energy and Networks ; number 21 (February 2022)
    Subjects: Climate; aridification; agricultural productivity; potentialevapo-transpiration; child mortality; infant health; climate damages
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Parental educational similarity and infant health in Chile
    evidence from administrative records, 1990-2015
    Author: Abufhele, Alejandra; Castro Torres, Andrés Felipe; Pesando, Luca Maria
    Published: 9-1-2021
    Publisher:  Population Studies Center, [Philadelphia, PA]

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    Series: Population Center Working Papers (PSC/PARC) / Population Studies Center ; 2021, 75
    Subjects: educational similarity; parental influences; infant health; birth records; gender; Chile
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 61 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Maternal age and infant health
    Author: Borra, Cristina; González, Libertad; Patiño, David
    Published: July 2021
    Publisher:  Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Department of Economics and Business, Barcelona

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    Series: Economics working paper series ; no. 1791
    Subjects: Maternal age; infant health; school cohort
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Maternal age and infant health
    Author: Borra, Cristina; González, Libertad; Patiño, David
    Published: July 2021
    Publisher:  GSE, Graduate School of Economics, Barcelona

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    Series: Barcelona GSE working paper series ; no 1276
    Subjects: Maternal age; infant health; school cohort
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. The birthweight effects of universal child benefits in pregnancy
    quasi-experimental evidence from England and Wales
    Author: Reader, Mary
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London School of Economics, London

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    Series: CASEpaper ; 222 (February 2021)
    Subjects: birthweight; cash transfers; child benefit; infant health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The gift of a lifetime
    the hospital, modern medicine, and mortality
    Author: Hollingsworth, Alex; Thomasson, Melissa A.; Karbownik, Krzysztof; Wray, Anthony
    Published: November 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    The past century witnessed a dramatic improvement in public health, the rise of modern medicine, and the transformation of the hospital from a fringe institution to one essential to the practice of medicine. Despite the central role of medicine in... more

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    The past century witnessed a dramatic improvement in public health, the rise of modern medicine, and the transformation of the hospital from a fringe institution to one essential to the practice of medicine. Despite the central role of medicine in contemporary society, little is known about how hospitals and modern medicine contributed to this health transition. In this paper, we explore how access to the hospital and modern medicine affects mortality. We do so by leveraging a combination of novel data and a unique quasi-experiment: a large-scale hospital modernization program introduced by The Duke Endowment in the early twentieth century. The Endowment helped communities build and expand hospitals, obtain state-of-the-art medical technology, attract qualified medical personnel, and refine management practices. We find that access to a Duke-supported hospital reduced infant mortality by 10%, saving one life for every $20,000 (2017 dollars) spent. Effects were larger for Black infants (16%) than for White infants (7%), implying a reduction in the Black-White infant mortality gap by one-third. We show that the effect of Duke support persisted into later life with a 9% reduction in mortality between the ages of 56 and 65. We further provide evidence on the mechanisms that enabled these effects, finding that Endowment-supported hospitals attracted higher-quality physicians and were better able to take advantage of new medical innovations.

     
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    hdl: 10419/267456
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15719
    Subjects: Gesundheitsversorgung; Medizintechnik; Krankenhaus; Wirkungsanalyse; Sterblichkeit; Schätzung; North Carolina; USA; modern medicine; hospitals; mortality; infant health; hospital funding; physician labor supply; medical innovation; health care complementarities; charitable giving
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 83 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. The gift of a lifetime
    the hospital, modern medicine, and mortality
    Author: Hollingsworth, Alex; Karbownik, Krzysztof; Thomasson, Melissa A.; Wray, Anthony
    Published: November 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    The past century witnessed a dramatic improvement in public health, the rise of modern medicine, and the transformation of the hospital from a fringe institution to one essential to the practice of medicine. Despite the central role of medicine in... more

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    The past century witnessed a dramatic improvement in public health, the rise of modern medicine, and the transformation of the hospital from a fringe institution to one essential to the practice of medicine. Despite the central role of medicine in contemporary society, little is known about how hospitals and modern medicine contributed to this health transition. In this paper, we explore how access to the hospital and modern medicine affects mortality. We do so by leveraging a combination of novel data and a unique quasi-experiment: a large-scale hospital modernization program introduced by The Duke Endowment in the early twentieth century. The Endowment helped communities build and expand hospitals, obtain state-of-the-art medical technology, attract qualified medical personnel, and refine management practices. We find that access to a Duke-supported hospital reduced infant mortality by 10%, saving one life for every $20,000 (2017 dollars) spent. Effects were larger for Black infants (16%) than for White infants (7%), implying a reduction in the Black-White infant mortality gap by one-third. We show that the effect of Duke support persisted into later life with a 9% reduction in mortality between the ages of 56 and 65. We further provide evidence on the mechanisms that enabled these effects, finding that Endowment-supported hospitals attracted higher-quality physicians and were better able to take advantage of new medical innovations.

     
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    hdl: 10419/267329
    Series: CESifo working papers ; 10097 (2022)
    Subjects: Gesundheitsversorgung; Medizintechnik; Krankenhaus; Wirkungsanalyse; Sterblichkeit; Schätzung; North Carolina; USA; modern medicine; hospitals; mortality; infant health; hospital funding; physician labor supply; medical innovation; health care complementarities; charitable giving
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 84 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Women's education, fertility and children's health during a gender equalization process
    evidence from a child labor reform in Spain
    Author: Bellés-Obrero, Cristina; Cabrales, Antonio; Jiménez-Martín, Sergi; Vall Castelló, Judit
    Published: enero 2021
    Publisher:  FEDEA, [Madrid]

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    Series: Documento de trabajo / FEDEA ; 2021, 04
    Subjects: education; fertility; infant health; gender equalization
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. North‐South displacement effects of environmental regulation: the case of battery recycling
    Author: Tanaka, Shinsuke; Teshima, Kensuke; Verhoogen, Eric
    Published: August 2021
    Publisher:  Columbia, SIPA, Center for Development Economics and Policy, New York, NY

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    Series: CDEP‐CGEG working paper series ; no. 97
    Subjects: pollution-haven hypothesis; environmental regulation; infant health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 64 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Healthy babies
    does prenatal care really matter?
    Author: Yan, Ji
    Published: December 2017
    Publisher:  Department of Economics, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC

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    Series: Department of Economics working paper / Appalachian State University ; number 17, 09
    Subjects: prenatal care; infant health; early childhood environment; in utero health investments; Medicaid managed care; sibling data
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten)
  17. North-South displacement effects of environmental regulation
    the case of battery recycling
    Author: Tanaka, Shinsuke; Teshima, Kensuke; Verhoogen, Eric
    Published: 17 August 2021
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Series: Array ; DP16463
    Subjects: pollution-haven hypothesis; environmental regulation; infant health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 66 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. North-South displacement effects of environmental regulation: the case of battery recycling
    Author: Tanaka, Shinsuke; Teshima, Kensuke; Verhoogen, Eric
    Published: August 2021
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This study examines the effect of a tightening of the U.S. air-quality standard for lead in 2009 on the relocation of battery recycling to Mexico and on infant health in Mexico. In the U.S., airborne lead dropped sharply near affected plants, most of... more

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    This study examines the effect of a tightening of the U.S. air-quality standard for lead in 2009 on the relocation of battery recycling to Mexico and on infant health in Mexico. In the U.S., airborne lead dropped sharply near affected plants, most of which were battery-recycling plants. Exports of used batteries to Mexico rose markedly. In Mexico, production increased at battery-recycling plants, relative to comparable industries, and birth outcomes deteriorated within two miles of those plants, relative to areas slightly farther away. The case provides a salient example of a pollution-haven effect between a developed and a developing country.

     
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    hdl: 10419/245715
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14664
    Subjects: pollution-haven hypothesis; environmental regulation; infant health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 65 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. North-South displacement effects of environmental regulation
    the case of battery recycling
    Author: Tanaka, Shinsuke; Teshima, „Kensuke; Verhoogen, Eric
    Published: Aug. 2021
    Publisher:  BREAD, the Bureau for Research and Economic Analysis of Development, [Cambridge, Massachusetts]

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    Series: BREAD working paper ; no. 595
    Subjects: pollution-haven hypothesis; environmental regulation; infant health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Mobile phones and infant health at birth
    Author: Pesando, Luca Maria; Qiyomiddin, Komin
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE

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    Series: Division of Social Science working paper series ; working paper # 0088 (May 2023)
    Subjects: Mobile phones; women; infant health; low birth weight; DHS; LMICs
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Soil aridification, precipitations, and infant health
    evidence from Africa
    Author: Lunghi, Jacopo; Malpede, Maurizio; Percoco, Marco
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  GREEN, Centre for Geography, Resources, Environment, Energy and Networks, Milano, Italy

    This study shows how soil aridity (proxied with a measure of soil potential evapotranspiration) impacts child wellbeing in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using climate and infant health data from a grid of approximately 4,000 cells in 34 African countries, we... more

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    This study shows how soil aridity (proxied with a measure of soil potential evapotranspiration) impacts child wellbeing in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using climate and infant health data from a grid of approximately 4,000 cells in 34 African countries, we find that infants born in arid areas are comparatively more likely to die under the age of 5 and be systematically underweight at birth. In addition, we show how the aridity measure in this study reduces the effect of rainfall on child wellbeing and how aridification drives substantial heterogeneity in the estimated response to increasing precipitation. The findings are combined with model projections of future climate conditions to emphasize the importance of accounting for aridity alongside precipitations when assessing the economic impact of climate.

     
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    Edition: This version: May 5, 2023
    Series: Working paper series / Università Bocconi, GREEN, Centre for Geography, Resources, Environment, Energy and Networks ; number 23 (May 2023)
    Subjects: Rainfall; climate change; potential evapotranspiration; child mortality; infant health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen