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Displaying results 1 to 21 of 21.

  1. Should I wait or should I lie?
    path dependency and timing in repeated honesty decisions under frames
    Published: September 6, 2018
    Publisher:  Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, [Graz]

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    Series: Working paper / Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz ; 2018, 05
    Subjects: honesty; decision sequences; frames; path dependencies
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. To claim or not to claim
    anonymity, reciprocal externalities and honesty
    Published: May 24, 2017
    Publisher:  Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, [Graz]

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    Series: Working paper / Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz ; 2017, 01
    Subjects: honesty; anonymity; externalities; shame; guilt; pro-social preferences
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. The effect of chosen or given luck on honesty
    Published: August 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Does being lucky (or unlucky) affect honest decision-making? We examine (1) whether luck-based income strengthens or erodes the moral value of honesty; (2) whether the perceived level of agency over an uncertain event affects the relationship between... more

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    Does being lucky (or unlucky) affect honest decision-making? We examine (1) whether luck-based income strengthens or erodes the moral value of honesty; (2) whether the perceived level of agency over an uncertain event affects the relationship between luck and honesty; and (3) whether accumulated luck affects honesty. To this end, we conducted a lab experiment where participants self-report a dice roll outcome, which is associated with effort-based income, after having received luck-based income. We manipulated the participants' perceptions regarding their influence on luck-based income. In the exogenous luck treatment, computerized coin tosses determines the luck-based income, whereas in the endogenous luck treatment, the participants choose the coin's winning side before the computerized coin toss. Our results are as follows: (1) lying behaviour increases when contemporaneous luck-based income is high, (2) lying is not affected by the perceived level of agency, and (3) lying is not affected by the previous outcomes of the luck-based income. Our observations challenge the relative importance of context that may render moral justification. Therefore, our findings indicate that differences in dishonest behavior may be largely due to individual-specific heterogeneity.

     

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    hdl: 10419/265939
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9904 (2022)
    Subjects: laboratory experiment; lying; luck; honesty; agency
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Malleability of preferences for honesty
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Collaborative Research Center Transregio 190, [München]

    Reporting private information is a key part of economic decision making. A recent literature has found that many people have a preference for honest reporting, contrary to usual economic assumptions. In this paper, we investigate whether preferences... more

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    Reporting private information is a key part of economic decision making. A recent literature has found that many people have a preference for honest reporting, contrary to usual economic assumptions. In this paper, we investigate whether preferences for honesty are malleable and what determines them. We experimentally measure preferences for honesty in a sample of children. As our main result, we provide causal evidence on the effect of the social environment by randomly enrolling children in a year-long mentoring programme. We find that, about four years after the end of the programme, mentored children are significantly more honest.

     

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    hdl: 10419/256763
    Series: Discussion paper / Rationality & Competition, CRC TRR 190 ; no. 296 (November 15, 2021)
    Subjects: honesty; lying; truth-telling; formation of preferences; experiments with children
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Meta-nudging honesty
    past, present, and future of the research frontier
    Published: September 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Achieving successful and long-lasting behavior change via nudging comes with challenges. This is particularly true when choice architects attempt to change behavior that is collectively harmful but individually beneficial, such as dishonesty. Here,... more

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    Achieving successful and long-lasting behavior change via nudging comes with challenges. This is particularly true when choice architects attempt to change behavior that is collectively harmful but individually beneficial, such as dishonesty. Here, we introduce the concept of 'meta-nudging' and illustrate its potential benefits in the context of promoting honesty. The meta-nudging approach implies that instead of nudging end-users directly, one would nudge them indirectly via "social influencers". That is, one can arguably achieve better success by changing the behavior of those who have the ability to enforce other's behavior and norm adherence. We argue that this represents a promising new behavior change approach that helps overcome some of the challenges that the classical nudging approach has faced. We use the case of nudging honesty to develop the theoretical foundation of meta-nudging and discuss avenues for future work.

     

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    hdl: 10419/265974
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9939 (2022)
    Subjects: behaviour change; honesty; lying; nudging
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa10Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Honesty and epistemological implementation of social choice functions with asymmetric information
    Published: November 20, 2022
    Publisher:  Center for Advanced Research in Finance, [Tokyo]

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    Edition: This Version: November 20, 2022
    Series: Array ; CARF-F-548
    Subjects: unique implementation; asymmetric information; honesty; no common knowledge on selfishness; information diversity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten)
  7. The effect of self-awareness and competition on dishonesty
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  University of Warwick, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Series: Warwick economics research papers ; no: 1373 (September 2021)
    Subjects: lying; honesty; truth-telling; cognitive dissonance; social norms; competition;experiment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Conforming with peers in honesty and cooperation
    Published: December 2021
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Peer observation can influence social norm perceptions as well as behavior in various moral domains, but is the tendency to be influenced by and conform with peers domain-general? In an online experiment (N = 815), we studied peer effects in honesty... more

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    Peer observation can influence social norm perceptions as well as behavior in various moral domains, but is the tendency to be influenced by and conform with peers domain-general? In an online experiment (N = 815), we studied peer effects in honesty and cooperation and tested the individual-level links between these two moral domains. Participants completed both honesty and cooperation tasks after observing their peers. Consistent with the literature, separate analysis of the two domains indicated both negative and positive peer influences in honesty and in cooperation, with negative influences tending to be stronger. Behavioral tests linking the two domains at the individual-level revealed that cooperative participants were also more honest - a link that was associated with low Machiavellianism scores. While standard personality trait measures showed no links between the two domains in the tendency to conform, individual-level tests suggested that conformism is a domain-general behavioral trait observed across honesty and cooperation. Based on these findings, we discuss the potential of and difficulties in using peer observation to influence social norm compliance as an avenue for further research and as a tool to promote social welfare.

     

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    hdl: 10419/252010
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9493 (2021)
    Subjects: honesty; cooperation; peer influence; conformism; social norms
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Conforming with peers in honesty and cooperation
    Published: December 2021
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Peer observation can influence social norm perceptions as well as behavior in various moral domains, but is the tendency to be influenced by and conform with peers domain-general? In an online experiment (N = 815), we studied peer effects in honesty... more

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    Peer observation can influence social norm perceptions as well as behavior in various moral domains, but is the tendency to be influenced by and conform with peers domain-general? In an online experiment (N = 815), we studied peer effects in honesty and cooperation and tested the individual-level links between these two moral domains. Participants completed both honesty and cooperation tasks after observing their peers. Consistent with the literature, separate analysis of the two domains indicated both negative and positive peer influences in honesty and in cooperation, with negative influences tending to be stronger. Behavioral tests linking the two domains at the individual-level revealed that cooperative participants were also more honest-a link that was associated with low Machiavellianism scores. While standard personality trait measures showed no links between the two domains in the tendency to conform, individual-level tests suggested that conformism is a domain-general behavioral trait observed across honesty and cooperation. Based on these findings, we discuss the potential of and difficulties in using peer observation to influence social norm compliance as an avenue for further research and as a tool to promote social welfare

     

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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/250622
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14961
    Subjects: honesty; cooperation; peer influence; conformism; social norms
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Norm compliance and lying patterns
    an experimental study among refugees and non-refugees in Syria, Jordan, and Germany
    Published: January 2021
    Publisher:  Universität Hamburg, Fakultät für Rechtswissenschaft, [Hamburg]

    We report the results of an experiment on norm violation, specifically lying, in a repeatedly played mind game with Syrian refugees in Jordan and in Germany. We compare their behavior with Jordanians, Germans, and Syrians who still live in Syria. The... more

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    We report the results of an experiment on norm violation, specifically lying, in a repeatedly played mind game with Syrian refugees in Jordan and in Germany. We compare their behavior with Jordanians, Germans, and Syrians who still live in Syria. The average number of lies is amazingly similar - and low - across all five samples. However, the lying patterns of Syrian refugees are very different from non-refugee participants in Germany, Jordan, and Syria itself. After having lied once, refugee participants resort to a "never return"- pattern significantly more often than the nonrefugee participants. A closer look at the socio-demographic characteristics of our Syrian refugee participants reveals that lying is associated with higher age and gender, while a longer stay in the host country is positively correlated with a lower likelihood of reporting extreme numbers of matches.

     

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    hdl: 10419/228744
    Series: Institute of Law and Economics working paper series ; no. 44 (2021)
    Subjects: Civil war; experimental economics; honesty; lying; psychological distress
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Honesty in the city
    Published: February 22, 2021
    Publisher:  Department of Economics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ

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    Series: Economics working papers / Eller College of Management ; 21, 02
    Subjects: trust; honesty; reciprocity; field experiment; haggling; taxis
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 17 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Understanding the link between intelligence and lying
    Published: July 2021
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Standard economic theory suggests that the decision to lie requires careful weighting of the associated economic costs and benefits, raising the question of whether intelligence matters for misbehaviour. Using the die roll paradigm, we compare... more

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    Standard economic theory suggests that the decision to lie requires careful weighting of the associated economic costs and benefits, raising the question of whether intelligence matters for misbehaviour. Using the die roll paradigm, we compare behaviour between individuals who score either low or high on a Raven test when lying only benefits the subject who lies (Selfish treatment) or a charitable cause (Charity treatment). We find that high Raven individuals are honest in the Selfish treatment; however, their aversion to lying vanishes in the Charity treatment. Our results have important implications for the rapidly growing lying literature, indicating that intelligence is a key characteristic of misbehaviour.

     

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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/245404
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9223 (2021)
    Subjects: intelligence levels; die roll paradigm; honesty
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Malleability of preferences for honesty
    Published: April 2021
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Reporting private information is a key part of economic decision making. A recent literature has found that many people have a preference for honest reporting, contrary to usual economic assumptions. In this paper, we investigate whether preferences... more

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    Reporting private information is a key part of economic decision making. A recent literature has found that many people have a preference for honest reporting, contrary to usual economic assumptions. In this paper, we investigate whether preferences for honesty are malleable and what determines them. We experimentally measure preferences for honesty in a sample of children. As our main result, we provide causal evidence on the effect of the social environment by randomly enrolling children in a year-long mentoring programme. We find that, about four years after the end of the programme, mentored children are significantly more honest.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/235403
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9033 (2021)
    Subjects: honesty; lying; truth-telling; formation of preferences; experiments with children
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Signaling motives in lying games
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Collaborative Research Center Transregio 190, Munich, Germany

    This paper studies the implications of agents signaling their moral type in a lying game. In the theoretical analysis, a signaling motive emerges where agents dislike being suspected of lying and where some types of liars are more stigmatized than... more

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    This paper studies the implications of agents signaling their moral type in a lying game. In the theoretical analysis, a signaling motive emerges where agents dislike being suspected of lying and where some types of liars are more stigmatized than others. The equilibrium prediction of the model can explain experimental data from previous studies, in particular on partial lying, where some agents dishonestly report a non payoff-maximizing report. I discuss the relationship with previous theoretical models of lying that conceptualize the image concern as an aversion to being suspected of lying. The second half of the paper tests the theoretical predictions in an experiment. In contrast to previous literature, the experimental results show no evidence that image concerns influence lying behavior in the laboratory.

     

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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/233493
    Series: Discussion paper / Rationality & Competition, CRC TRR 190 ; no. 269 (January 14, 2021)
    Subjects: lying; image concerns; honesty; experiment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Cheating in primary school
    experimental evidence on ego-depletion and individual factors
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Budapest

    We contribute to the experimental literature on primary school students’ cheating behavior by studying i) how cheating is influenced by ego depletion; ii) how it correlates with different individual factors. We carried out a large-scale,... more

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    We contribute to the experimental literature on primary school students’ cheating behavior by studying i) how cheating is influenced by ego depletion; ii) how it correlates with different individual factors. We carried out a large-scale, pre-registered experiment in the field of 28 Hungarian primary schools (126 classrooms) on a voluntary subsample of 1,143 students at grade levels 4 to 8. Students’ cheating behavior was measured by the incentivized dice-roll experiment. We find suggestive evidence that our light-touch treatment on ego-depletion increased students’ deceptive behavior. Cheating behavior correlated weakly with students’ individual characteristics. In a multivariate context controlling for between-classroom differences, we document that students’ cognitive ability correlated negatively, while their age positively, with their cheating behavior. We found students’ social context (their classroom belonging) as a more decisive determinant of students’ cheating behavior than individual characteristics.

     

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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/237537
    Series: CERS-IE working papers ; CERS-IE WP - 2020, 48 (November 2020)
    Subjects: honesty; cheating; individual factors; ego depletion; dice-roll exercise; pre-registered experiment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Malleability of preferences for honesty
    Published: April 2021
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Reporting private information is a key part of economic decision making. A recent literature has found that many people have a preference for honest reporting, contrary to usual economic assumptions. In this paper, we investigate whether preferences... more

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    Reporting private information is a key part of economic decision making. A recent literature has found that many people have a preference for honest reporting, contrary to usual economic assumptions. In this paper, we investigate whether preferences for honesty are malleable and what determines them. We experimentally measure preferences for honesty in a sample of children. As our main result, we provide causal evidence on the effect of the social environment by randomly enrolling children in a year-long mentoring programme. We find that, about four years after the end of the programme, mentored children are significantly more honest.

     

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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/236335
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14304
    Subjects: honesty; lying; truth-telling; formation of preferences; experiments with children
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. The effect of self-awareness and competition on dishonesty
    Published: April 2021
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We provide the first investigation of the relationship between self-awareness and dis- honesty in a multi-wave pre-registered experiment with 1,260 subjects. In the first wave we vary the level of awareness of subjects' past dishonesty and explore... more

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    We provide the first investigation of the relationship between self-awareness and dis- honesty in a multi-wave pre-registered experiment with 1,260 subjects. In the first wave we vary the level of awareness of subjects' past dishonesty and explore the impact on behaviour in tasks that include the scope to lie. In the second wave we vary the degree of competitiveness in one of our core tasks to further explore the interactions between self-awareness, (dis)honesty and competition. We also test for the experimental demand effect in order to rule it out. Our results suggest that in non-interactive tasks, self-awareness helps to lower dishonesty in the future. However, in tasks that are competitive in nature becoming more aware of past dishonesty raises the likelihood of dishonesty in the future. In other words, we show when making people aware of their own past dishonesty can help to reduce dishonesty and when it might back-fire.

     

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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/236287
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14256
    Subjects: lying; honesty; truth-telling; cognitive dissonance; social norms; competition; experiment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Lying in two dimensions
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  U.S.E. Research Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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    Series: U.S.E. working paper series ; nr: 21, 01
    Subjects: lying; honesty; morals; multi-dimensional; lab experiment; lab-in-the-field experiment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Big and small lies
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  U.S.E. Research Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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    Series: U.S.E. working paper series ; nr: 21, 03
    Subjects: laboratory experiment; lying; luck; honesty
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Earnings management and managerial honesty: the investors' perspectives
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  [Center for Advanced Studies on the Foundations of Law and Finance, House of Finance, Goethe University], [Frankfurt am Main, Germany]

    Extant research shows that CEO characteristics affect earnings management. This paper studies how investors infer a specific characteristic of CEOs, namely moral commitment to honesty, from earnings management and how this perception - in conjunction... more

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    Extant research shows that CEO characteristics affect earnings management. This paper studies how investors infer a specific characteristic of CEOs, namely moral commitment to honesty, from earnings management and how this perception - in conjunction with their own social and moral preferences - shapes their investment choices. We conduct two laboratory experiments simulating investment choices. Our results show that participants perceive a CEO to be more committed to honesty when they infer that the CEO engaged less in earnings management. For investment decisions, a one standard deviation increase in a CEO's perceived commitment to honesty compared to another CEO reduces the relevance of differences in the CEOs' claimed future returns by 40%. This effect is most prominent among investors with a proself value orientation. To prosocial investors, their own honesty values and those attributed to the CEO matter directly, while returns play a secondary role. Overall, perceived CEO honesty matters to different investors for distinct reasons.

     

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    hdl: 10419/244687
    Series: [LawFin working paper] ; [no. 7]
    Subjects: earnings management; honesty; investor preferences; investor segmentation; protected values
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 88 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Honesty in virtual communication
    Published: April 2024
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    Remote work arrangements and increased virtual communication are commonplace. Particularly in organizations, virtual communication has become an essential tool for collaboration and exchanging information. Virtual communication channels, such as text... more

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    Remote work arrangements and increased virtual communication are commonplace. Particularly in organizations, virtual communication has become an essential tool for collaboration and exchanging information. Virtual communication channels, such as text or video messages, provide different levels of human presence compared to face-to-face communication. Given that human presence is known to impact moral behavior, this raises the question if different communication channels are used when being dishonest. To investigate this question, we conducted a controlled experiment using a sender-receiver deception game where the senders could choose between a text or a video message. In the baseline condition, the senders had to be honest and were not allowed to lie. In the treatment condition, the senders had the option of sending an honest or a dishonest message to the receivers. Even though we observe no differences in channel choice if we compare the two treatments, our results, however, show that in the treatment condition, the senders chose the text communication channel significantly more often when being dishonest compared to being honest. We discuss different potential mechanisms, such as differences in perceived human presence between text and video communication, for our findings. Our findings have important implications for various contexts and for strategies to prevent dishonest behavior.

     

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    Series: CESifo working papers ; 11094 (2024)
    Subjects: digitization; virtual communication; communication channel; honesty; human presence
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 86 Seiten), Illustrationen