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  1. Subsidy reforms in the Middle East and North Africa
    strategic options and their consequences for the social contract
    Author: Auktor, Georgeta Vidican; Loewe, Markus
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik gGmbH, Bonn

    After independence, energy and food subsidies became a cornerstone of the social contracts in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. Governments spent heavily to reduce poverty and strengthen their own legitimacy. However, as government... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    After independence, energy and food subsidies became a cornerstone of the social contracts in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. Governments spent heavily to reduce poverty and strengthen their own legitimacy. However, as government rents faded, subsidy spending became financially unsustainable and foreign donors pressed for reforms. Yet, reform has been challenging for all the governments as subsidies affect all consumers, therefore raising the risk of government delegitimisation. Several publications have analysed the subsidy reforms of various MENA countries, but few have systematically analysed their impacts on the prevailing social contracts. This paper shows that reforms in a key policy field such as subsidy spending can affect the nature of social contracts profoundly and distinctly, depending on the reform strategy. It assesses the reform processes that took place in Morocco, Egypt and Iran primarily between 2010 and 2017, thus before the United States once more tightened sanctions against Iran and before the COVID-19 pandemic broke out. We argue that governments applied distinct strategies to reduce subsidy spending without provoking major social unrest to reforms, with the effect that the social contracts of the three countries changed in quite different ways. Morocco’s government removed most subsidies, especially those that predominantly benefitted the middle-class. [...]

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/232574
    Series: Discussion paper / German Development Institute ; 2021, 12
    Subjects: Subvention; Sozialhilfe; Soziale Sicherheit; Politische Reform; Forderung; Ziel; Politische Beteiligung; Subsidy reform; government spending; social contract; government legitimacy; social policy; Middle East and North Africa; Morocco; Egypt; Iran; protection; provision; political participation; subsidies; social cash transfers; public dialogue; information of public policies; repression; compensation measures
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Subsidy reforms in the Middle East and North Africa
    strategic options and their consequences for the social contract
    Author: Auktor, Georgeta Vidican; Loewe, Markus
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik gGmbH, Bonn

    After independence, energy and food subsidies became a cornerstone of the social contracts in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. Governments spent heavily to reduce poverty and strengthen their own legitimacy. However, as government... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    Fachinformationsverbund Internationale Beziehungen und Länderkunde
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), Bibliothek
    Signature:
    OA
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 644
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    After independence, energy and food subsidies became a cornerstone of the social contracts in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. Governments spent heavily to reduce poverty and strengthen their own legitimacy. However, as government rents faded, subsidy spending became financially unsustainable and foreign donors pressed for reforms. Yet, reform has been challenging for all the governments as subsidies affect all consumers, therefore raising the risk of government delegitimisation. Several publications have analysed the subsidy reforms of various MENA countries, but few have systematically analysed their impacts on the prevailing social contracts. This paper shows that reforms in a key policy field such as subsidy spending can affect the nature of social contracts profoundly and distinctly, depending on the reform strategy. It assesses the reform processes that took place in Morocco, Egypt and Iran primarily between 2010 and 2017, thus before the United States once more tightened sanctions against Iran and before the COVID-19 pandemic broke out. We argue that governments applied distinct strategies to reduce subsidy spending without provoking major social unrest to reforms, with the effect that the social contracts of the three countries changed in quite different ways. Morocco’s government removed most subsidies, especially those that predominantly benefitted the middle-class. [...]

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/232574
    Series: Discussion paper / German Development Institute ; 2021, 12
    Subjects: Subvention; Sozialhilfe; Soziale Sicherheit; Politische Reform; Forderung; Ziel; Politische Beteiligung; Subsidy reform; government spending; social contract; government legitimacy; social policy; Middle East and North Africa; Morocco; Egypt; Iran; protection; provision; political participation; subsidies; social cash transfers; public dialogue; information of public policies; repression; compensation measures
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen