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  1. How does gender quota shape gender attitudes?
    Author: Chen, Yen-Chien; Fan, Elliott; Ho, Yu-hsin; Lee, Matthew Yi-hsiu; Liu, Jin-tan
    Published: July 2023
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Starting in 2002, each electoral district in Taiwan is required to reserve one seat for women out of every four seats at the local councils, creating a 'zigzag' function of female councilors proportion across districts. Using this function, we... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4
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    Starting in 2002, each electoral district in Taiwan is required to reserve one seat for women out of every four seats at the local councils, creating a 'zigzag' function of female councilors proportion across districts. Using this function, we estimate the effects of exposure to female political leadership on gender attitudes and behaviors. For son preference, we find that the gender quota reduced the propensity for parents with two daughters to give a third-parity birth, whereas there is no such effect on parents with two children of other sex compositions. This finding is confirmed by the evidence of self-reported son preference revealed in survey data. We further find that the gender quota encouraged female high school graduates to attempt college admission and pursue a college major in law or political science, which commonly prepare students to develop a career in politics. The gender quota also empowers married women to play a more active role in multiple household decisions. Our findings support the hypothesis that female political leaders perform as role models who elicit more egalitarian gender attitudes from women.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/279029
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16331
    Subjects: gender quota; son preference; gender role model; gender norms
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Gender diversity in corporate boards
    evidence from quota-implied discontinuities
    Author: Kuzʹmina, Olʹga; Melentyeva, Valentina
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim, Germany

    Using data across European corporate boards, we investigate the effects of quota-induced female representation on firm value and operations, under minimal identification assumptions. We consider sharp increases in the share of women on boards that... more

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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Using data across European corporate boards, we investigate the effects of quota-induced female representation on firm value and operations, under minimal identification assumptions. We consider sharp increases in the share of women on boards that arise due to rounding whenever percentage-based regulation applies to a small group of people. We find that having more women on corporate boards has large positive effects on Tobin´s Q and buy-and-hold returns. This result is in stark contrast with previous empirical work that finds large negative effects. The reason for this discrepancy is that these papers considered firms with different pre-quota shares of women to be good counterfactuals to each other. In our data, we see that such firms had grown differently already before the regulation. Thus, assuming they are good comparables would result in a negatively biased estimate of the effect. Instead, we use quasi-random assignment induced by rounding and find that promoting gender equality is aligned with shareholder interests. This positive effect is not explained by increased risk-taking or changes in board composition, but rather by scaling down inefficient operations and empire-"demolishing".

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/231413
    Edition: This version: January 2021
    Series: Discussion paper / ZEW ; no. 21, 023 (03/2021)
    Subjects: Gender diversity; women on boards; gender quota; performance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Gender diversity in corporate boards: evidence from quota-implied discontiunities
    Author: Kuzʹmina, Olʹga; Melentʹeva, Valentina
    Published: January 2021
    Publisher:  CEFIR, Moscow

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    VS 474
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NES working paper series ; no. 282
    Subjects: Gender diversity; gender quota; board of directors; Örm performance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten), Illustrationen