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Displaying results 1 to 13 of 13.

  1. The impact of management practices on SME performance
    Author: Bryson, Alex; Forth, John
    Published: March 2018
    Publisher:  National Institute of Economic and Social Research, London

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NIESR discussion paper ; no. 488 (5 March 2018)
    Subjects: SMEs; small and medium-sized enterprises; employment growth; high-growth firms; productivity; workplace closure; management practices; HRM; recession
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten)
  2. Employment shifts in Europe from 1997 to 2021
    from job upgrading to polarisation
    Author: Torrejón Pérez, Sergio; Hurley, John; Fernández-Macías, Enrique; Staffa, Elisa
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville

    This article analyses shifts in employment structures in a selection of eight EU countries (the Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Romania and Sweden), as well as employment dynamics at the aggregate EU level. This is done for... more

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    This article analyses shifts in employment structures in a selection of eight EU countries (the Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Romania and Sweden), as well as employment dynamics at the aggregate EU level. This is done for four periods, separated by the financial crisis and the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis: 1997-2007, 2008-2010, 2011-2019 and 2019Q4-2021Q4. Results show that there is a wide diversity of patterns of structural change across periods and countries in Europe. During the expansive phase of the business cycle (1997-2007), the pattern that was more widespread was job upgrading, with the number of workers increasing more in mid-high and high-paid jobs (especially in private and public services). Some important deviations are identified, i.e., the case of Germany and France experiencing job polarisation, and Romania being the only country of our sample that experienced net employment losses from 1997 to 2007. During the financial crisis (2008-2010) and the following period (2011-2019), the patterns of structural change were much more diverse. Workers that were hardest hit by the financial crisis were more likely to be located in the middle of the wage structure, generating in some cases (such as in Ireland, Spain and France, apart from the EU8) job polarization. The global financial crisis impacted hardest on male workers and workers that were employed in construction and manufacturing, while the number of workers in public services continued increasing. From 2011 to 2019, net employment growth was mainly driven by the increase in the size of service jobs, with employment in private services growing in a polarised way and public services promoting upgrading. In the EU8, as well as in Germany, Romania and Sweden we identify patterns of job upgrading or close variants (mid-upgrading), while in the Czech Republic, France, Italy, Ireland and Spain the shape of the pattern of employment change was more similar to one of job polarization. Finally, the COVID-19 crisis had an asymmetric impact, impacting mainly employment in low-paid in-person service activities and agriculture. Although women in low-paid jobs were initially more affected by men, it's also true that later the resilience of better paid jobs benefited more female workers than male workers.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/283084
    Series: JRC working papers series on labour, education and technology ; 2023, 05
    Subjects: job polarisation; economic restructuring; structural change; employment growth
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Corruption, innovation and firm growth
    firm-level evidence from Egypt and Tunisia
    Author: Goedhuys, Micheline; Mohnen, Pierre A.; Taha, Tamer
    Published: 2016
    Publisher:  Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU‐MERIT), Maastricht, the Netherlands

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    Series: Working paper series / United Nations University, UNU-MERIT ; #2016, 056
    Subjects: Innovation; corruption; employment growth; Egypt; Tunisia
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Is the grass really greener?
    migrants' improvements in local labor market conditions and financial health
    Author: Whitaker, Stephan D.
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, [Cleveland, OH]

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    Series: Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland working paper series ; no. 22, 04 (February 2022)
    Subjects: Internal migration; local labor market conditions; unemployment; employment growth; consumer credit; financial health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Vacancies, employment outcomes and firm growth: evidence from Denmark
    Author: Bagger, Jesper; Fontaine, François; Galenianos, Manolēs; Trapeznikova, Ija
    Published: June 2021
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We use comprehensive data from Denmark that combine online job advertisements with a matched employer-employee dataset and a firm-level dataset with information on revenues and value added to study the relationship between vacancy-posting and various... more

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    We use comprehensive data from Denmark that combine online job advertisements with a matched employer-employee dataset and a firm-level dataset with information on revenues and value added to study the relationship between vacancy-posting and various firm outcomes. Posting a vacancy is associated with a 4.5 percentage point increase in a firm's hiring rate and two-thirds of the additional hiring occurs within two months. The response of hiring from employment is twice as large as the response of hiring from non-employment. Firms that are smaller, low-wage and fast-growing are associated with larger hiring responses and that response materializes faster at larger firms, low-wage firms and fast-growing firms. We also find that separations are associated with subsequent vacancy posting and this effect is stronger for separations to employment, consistent with replacement hiring and the presence of vacancy chains. Growth in revenue and value added strongly predict vacancy-posting, with negative shocks having a stronger effect than positive shocks and larger shocks having less-than-proportional responses.

     
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    hdl: 10419/236467
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14436
    Subjects: vacancies; hiring; separations; employment growth; firm growth; value added; revenue
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. From organizational capabilities to corporate performances: at the roots of productivity slowdown
    Author: Costa, Stefano; De Santis, Stefano; Dosi, Giovanni; Monducci, Roberto; Sbardella, Angelica; Virgillito, Maria Enrica
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  LEM, Laboratory of Economics and Management, Institute of Economics, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy

    This paper is one of the first attempts at empirically identifying organisational capabilities - in this work concerning Italian firms. Together, it proposes new evidence on the link between capabilities and economic performances. In order to do so,... more

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    This paper is one of the first attempts at empirically identifying organisational capabilities - in this work concerning Italian firms. Together, it proposes new evidence on the link between capabilities and economic performances. In order to do so, we employ the Indagine Multiscopo del Censimento Permanente delle Imprese (IMCPI), a survey carried out by the Italian Statistical Office (ISTAT) in 2019, covering the three-year period 2016-2018, addressing a wide range of organizational characteristics including various organizational routines, human resource management, internationalisation strategies and many others. Our contribution is threefold: first, we aim at detecting what practices and combinations of them result in underlying different capabilities; second, we propose a taxonomy of the production system, both at firm- and sector-level based on the mapping of such capabilities, third we study the performance outcomes of different capability-taxa in terms of productivity and employment growth.

     
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    hdl: 10419/243517
    Series: LEM working paper series ; 2021, 21 (May 2021)
    Subjects: Organizational capabilities; productivity slowdown; employment growth; learning
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. The effects of reforming a Federal Employment Agency on labor demand
    Author: Kraft, Kornelius; Lammers, Alexander
    Published: May 2021
    Publisher:  SFB 823, [Dortmund]

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    Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
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    Universitätsbibliothek Clausthal
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    Fachhochschule Erfurt, Hochschulbibliothek
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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt / Zentrale
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Technische Universität Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Bibliothek der Hochschule Hannover
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek
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    Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, Zentralbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Campus Oldenburg, Bibliothek
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    Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Campus Elsfleth, Bibliothek
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    Hochschule Osnabrück, Bibliothek Campus Westerberg
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    Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Campus Wilhelmshaven, Bibliothek
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    hdl: 2003/40192
    Series: Discussion paper / SFB 823 ; Nr. 2019, 28
    Subjects: Hartz III reform; Federal Employment Agency; matching efficiency; employment growth; difference-in-differences
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (53 Seiten, 603,70 KB), Diagramme
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    Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 31-35
  8. The effects of reforming a federal employment agency on labor demand
    Author: Kraft, Kornelius; Lammers, Alexander
    Published: August 2021
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    In this paper we report the results of an empirical study on the employment growth effects of a policy intervention, explicitly aimed at increasing placement efficiency of the Federal Employment Agency in Germany. We use the Hartz III reform in the... more

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    In this paper we report the results of an empirical study on the employment growth effects of a policy intervention, explicitly aimed at increasing placement efficiency of the Federal Employment Agency in Germany. We use the Hartz III reform in the year 2004 as an exogenous intervention that improves the matching process and compare establishments that use the services of the Federal Employment Agency with establishments that do not use the placement services. Using detailed German establishment level data, our difference-in-differences estimates reveal an increase in employment growth among those firms that use the agency for their recruitment activities compared to non-user firms. After the Hartz III reform was in place, establishments using the agency grew roughly two percentage points faster in terms of employment relative to non-users and those establishments achieve an increase in the proportion of hires. We provide several robustness tests using, for example, inverse-probability weighting to additionally account for differences in observable characteristics. Our paper highlights the importance of the placement service on the labor demand side, in particular on the so far overlooked establishment level.

     
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    hdl: 10419/245680
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14629
    Subjects: Hartz III reform; Federal Employment Agency; matching efficiency; employment growth; difference-in-differences
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Employment effects of R&D and innovation
    evidence from small and medium-sized firms in emerging markets
    Author: Goel, Rajeev K.; Nelson, Michael A.
    Published: 08/2021
    Publisher:  Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel

    This paper studies the impact of research and development (R&D) and innovation on employment growth, focusing on small and medium-sized firms. Employment effects of R&D and innovation are unclear a priori as process innovation may be labor-saving or... more

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    This paper studies the impact of research and development (R&D) and innovation on employment growth, focusing on small and medium-sized firms. Employment effects of R&D and innovation are unclear a priori as process innovation may be labor-saving or labor might have complementarities with other inputs. Employing firm-level data from 125 nations, results show that both R&D and innovation increased employment growth, suggesting that innovation was either capital-saving or labor had strong complementarities with other inputs. Upon splitting the sample into growing and contracting firms showed that contracting firms benefit from innovation but not from R&D. In other findings, sole proprietorships, larger firms, firms with relatively more experienced managers, firms with females as top managers, and firms facing the threat of informal competition had lower employment growth, while foreign-owned and government-owned enterprises have positive influences on employment growth. Finally, employment growth in shrinking firms was boosted in nations with greater economic freedom, but this growth is undermined by informal sector competition.

     
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    hdl: 10419/240205
    Series: Kiel working paper ; no. 2196 (August 2021)
    Subjects: R&D; innovation; employment growth; managerial experience; foreign ownership; government ownership; economic freedom; emerging markets
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten)
  10. Refugee migration, labor demand,and local employment
    Author: Auer, Daniel; Götz, Lilia
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    Whether or not immigration negatively affects the labor market outcomes of natives is an ongoing debate. One of the challenges for empirical evidence is the simultaneity of supply- and demand-side effects. To isolate the demand side, we focus on... more

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    Whether or not immigration negatively affects the labor market outcomes of natives is an ongoing debate. One of the challenges for empirical evidence is the simultaneity of supply- and demand-side effects. To isolate the demand side, we focus on recent refugees in Germany who are exogenously allocated to districts and largely excluded from the labor market. Using panel data of all German districts between 2010 and 2018 and leveraging variation in the local stock of asylum seekers, we find that 1,000 asylum seekers create 267 jobs on average in a district. This growth effect is mainly driven by a demand for additional labor in service, public administration, and social work. As a consequence, we also observe a significant reduction in the local unemployment rate when more refugees arrive. The dynamic panel data estimates are robust to various sensitivity checks and two different instrumental variable approaches. Quantifying the demand side of immigration adds to our understanding of local labor market dynamics in an increasingly mobile world.

     
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    hdl: 10419/247261
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 989
    Subjects: labor demand; refugee migration; employment growth; unemployment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Access to finance employment growth and firm performance of South Asia firms
    Author: Bui, Anh Tuan; Pham Chi Linh; Ta Van Thi Khan
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    Using firm-level data on 11,000 companies across seven countries in South Asia, this paper explores the effects of access to finance on employment growth and performance at the firm level. The paper focuses on how the impact of financing obstacles... more

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    Using firm-level data on 11,000 companies across seven countries in South Asia, this paper explores the effects of access to finance on employment growth and performance at the firm level. The paper focuses on how the impact of financing obstacles varies across firm sizes. The results show that higher obstacles in access to finance reduces employment growth and performance for firms of all sizes, especially micro and small firms. We find significant differences between firms with less than 10 employees and small firm, which suggests that significant reforms are needed to drive micro firm growth to small and medium enterprises.

     
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    hdl: 10419/247263
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 991
    Subjects: Access to finance obstacles; employment growth; Total factor of productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 17 Seiten)
  12. Do creative industries enhance employment growth?
    regional evidence from Colombia
    Author: Campi, Mercedes; Dueñas, Marco; Ciarli, Tommaso
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  Inter-American Development Bank, Department of Research and Chief Economist, [Washington, DC]

    Do creative industries have positive spillovers for the local economy in middle-income countries, for instance by attracting creative workers who benefit entrepreneurs and workers in other industries? Creative industries are considered highly... more

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    Do creative industries have positive spillovers for the local economy in middle-income countries, for instance by attracting creative workers who benefit entrepreneurs and workers in other industries? Creative industries are considered highly innovative and productive and several studies in high-income countries have revealed such spillovers. However, the institutional and economic settings in middle-income countries may not be as conducive to them. Creative industries represented between 2.7 and 3.3 percent of Colombian employment in 2008 and 2017. Using granular employment data, we study their agglomeration patterns between 2008 and 2017. We find agglomeration in the largest cities (Bogota, Medellın, and Cartagena) and in a few smaller cities. Using methodologies from prior studies yields a positive relationship between creative industry agglomeration and employment in non-creative services industries. However, after controlling for endogeneity using a shift-share instrumental variable approach, we find, contrary to analyses of high-income countries, no significant impact of an increase of creative industries employment on employment growth in other industries.

     
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    hdl: 10419/290071
    Series: IDB working paper series ; no IDB-WP-1279
    Subjects: creative industries; agglomerations; relatedness; employment growth; Colombia
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Structural changes in Canadian employment from 1997 to 2022
    Author: Willcox, Michael; Feor, Brittany
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville

    This paper uses the European Jobs Monitor (2017) ‘jobs’ approach to examine the structural changes in employment and wages in Canada between 1997 and 2022. Changes in employment and real wages reveals a long-term pattern of upgrading, particularly... more

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    This paper uses the European Jobs Monitor (2017) ‘jobs’ approach to examine the structural changes in employment and wages in Canada between 1997 and 2022. Changes in employment and real wages reveals a long-term pattern of upgrading, particularly after the 2008 financial crisis. There is variation in these patterns within the 25-year period including a shift towards higher quality jobs after the financial crisis and evidence of wage polarisation between 2020 and 2022. Employment and wage trends by sector, sex and age were explored. Employment shifted away from manufacturing towards the healthcare and social assistance, professional, scientific, and technical services, and construction sectors since the late 1990s which accelerated after the global financial crisis. The wage gap and difference in employment shares between men and women has narrowed over time, despite recent widening following the pandemic. Canada’s aging population has resulted in a growing share of mature workers in the labour market and in core-age workers becoming more concentrated in mid-to-high wage jobs.

     
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    hdl: 10419/283101
    Series: JRC working papers series on labour, education and technology ; 2023, 08
    Subjects: job polarisation; structural change; employment growth; real wage growth
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen