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Displaying results 1 to 19 of 19.

  1. Misallocation in firm production
    a nonparametric analysis using procurement lotteries
    Author: Carrillo, Paul E.; Donaldson, Dave; Pomeranz, Dina; Singhal, Monica
    Published: June 2023
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    How costly is the misallocation of production that we might expect to result from distortions such as market power, incomplete contracts, taxes, regulations, or corruption? This paper develops new tools for the study of misallocation that place... more

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    How costly is the misallocation of production that we might expect to result from distortions such as market power, incomplete contracts, taxes, regulations, or corruption? This paper develops new tools for the study of misallocation that place minimal assumptions on firms' underlying technologies and behavior. We show how features of the distribution of marginal products can be identified from exogenous variation in firms' input use, and how these features can be used both to test for misallocation and to quantify the welfare losses that it causes. We then consider an application in which thousands of firms experience demand shocks derived from a lottery-based assignment of public procurement contracts for construction services in Ecuador. Using administrative tax data about these firms, we reject the null of efficiency but estimate that the welfare losses resulting from misallocation are only 1.6% relative to the first-best. Standard parametric assumptions applied to the same setting would suggest losses that are at least an order of magnitude larger.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/279235
    Series: CESifo working papers ; 10485 (2023)
    Subjects: Allokationseffizienz; Produktivität; Beschaffung; Wohlfahrtsanalyse; Schätzung; Ecuador; allocative efficiency; misallocation; aggregate productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 81 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Government procurement and access to credit
    firm dynamics and aggregate implications
    Author: Di Giovanni, Julian; García-Santana, Manuel; Jeenas, Priit; Moral-Benito, Enrique; Pijoan-Mas, Josep
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Banco de España, Madrid

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    Series: Documentos de trabajo / Banco de España, Eurosistema ; no. 2233
    Subjects: government procurement; financial frictions; capital accumulation; aggregate productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 79 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Monopsony makes firms not only small but also unproductive
    why East Germany has not converged
    Author: Bachmann, Ruediger; Bayer, Christian; Stüber, Heiko; Wellschmied, Felix
    Published: May 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    When employers face a trade-off between growing large and paying low wages - that is, when they have monopsony power - some productive employers will decide to acquire fewer customers, forgo sales, and remain small. These decisions have adverse... more

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    When employers face a trade-off between growing large and paying low wages - that is, when they have monopsony power - some productive employers will decide to acquire fewer customers, forgo sales, and remain small. These decisions have adverse consequences for aggregate labor productivity. Using high-quality administrative data from Germany, we document that East German plants (compared to West German ones) face a steeper size-wage curve, invest less into marketing, and remain smaller. A model with labor market monopsony, product market power, and customer acquisition matching these features of the data predicts 10 percent lower aggregate labor productivity in East Germany.

     
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    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15293
    Subjects: aggregate productivity; plant heterogeneity; unions; monopsony power; size-wage curve; monopolistic competition; customer capital; size distortions
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Monopsony makes firms not only small but also unproductive
    why East-Germany has not converged
    Author: Bachmann, Ruediger; Bayer, Christian; Stüber, Heiko; Wellschmied, Felix
    Published: May 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    When employers face a trade-off between growing large and paying low wages - that is, when they have monopsony power - some productive employers will decide to acquire fewer customers, forgo sales, and remain small. These decisions have adverse... more

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    When employers face a trade-off between growing large and paying low wages - that is, when they have monopsony power - some productive employers will decide to acquire fewer customers, forgo sales, and remain small. These decisions have adverse consequences for aggregate labor productivity. Using high-quality administrative data from Germany, we document that East German plants (compared to West German ones) face a steeper size-wage curve, invest less into marketing, and remain smaller. A model with labor market monopsony, product market power, and customer acquisition matching these features of the data predicts 10 percent lower aggregate labor productivity in East Germany.

     
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    hdl: 10419/263681
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9751 (2022)
    Subjects: aggregate productivity; plant heterogeneity; unions; monopsony power; size-wage curve; monopolistic competition; customer capital; size distortions
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Distribution costs
    Author: Peter, Alessandra; Ruane, Cian
    Published: 2021 JAN
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    We provide the first direct estimates of distribution expenses incurred by manufacturing plants and assess their importance for aggregate output. Using a novel measure from the Indian Annual Survey of Industries, we document three key facts: (1)... more

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    We provide the first direct estimates of distribution expenses incurred by manufacturing plants and assess their importance for aggregate output. Using a novel measure from the Indian Annual Survey of Industries, we document three key facts: (1) distribution expenses are large - they amount to over half of labor costs; (2) plants in the largest decile - relative to the smallest - spend over three times as much on distribution as a share of sales; and (3) between 2000 and 2010, distribution costs as a share of sales declined by one third. We develop a model of heterogeneous manufacturing firms that rely on the distribution sector to sell their goods across space. We quantify the model using the facts on size and systematic heterogeneity in distribution shares as well as newly constructed estimates of intranational trade. Accounting for firm heterogeneity in distribution requirements is important: welfare losses from low TFP in the distribution sector are amplified 1.5-fold. From 2000 to 2010, India saw an increase in intranational trade hand in hand with a decrease in the distribution share. In combination with the model, these trends suggest largescale decreases in both variable and fixed costs of distribution, leading to welfare gains of 58% over this ten year period

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781616355036
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    Series: Working paper / International Monetary Fund ; WP/22, 7
    Subjects: Distribution; transportation costs; aggregate productivity; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence; Distribution, Transportation Costs and Aggregate Productivity; Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development; Measurement of Economic Growth
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Government procurement and access to credit
    firm dynamics and aggregate implications
    Author: Di Giovanni, Julian; García-Santana, Manuel; Jeenas, Priit; Moral-Benito, Enrique; Pijoan-Mas, Josep
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  BSE, Barcelona School of Economics, [Barcelona]

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: BSE working paper ; 1321 (February 2022)
    Subjects: government procurement; Financial Frictions; Capital Accumulation; aggregate productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 76 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Female entrepreneurship, financial frictions and capital misallocation in the US
    Author: Morazzoni, Marta; Sy, Andrea
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  BSE, Barcelona School of Economics, [Barcelona]

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Edition: Revised: November 2021
    Series: BSE working paper ; 1299 (October 2021)
    Subjects: entrepreneurship; misallocation; aggregate productivity; gender differences; Financial constraints
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 76 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Born in hard times
    startups selection and intangible capital during the financial crisis
    Author: González-Torres, Guzmán; Manaresi, Francesco; Scoccianti, Filippo
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Banca d'Italia, [Rom]

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    Series: Questioni di economia e finanza / Banca d'Italia ; number 582 (November 2020)
    Subjects: firm behavior; intangible capital; firm investment; aggregate productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Monopsony makes firms not only small but also unproductive
    why East Germany has not converged
    Author: Bachmann, Ruediger; Bayer, Christian; Stüber, Heiko; Wellschmied, Felix
    Published: 12 May 2022
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Series: Array ; DP17302
    Subjects: aggregate productivity; plant heterogeneity; Unions; Monopsony Power; size-wagecurve; monopolistic competition; customer capital; Size distortions
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 72 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Government procurement and access to credit
    firm dynamics and aggregate implications
    Author: Di Giovanni, Julian; García-Santana, Manuel; Jeenas, Priit; Moral-Benito, Enrique; Pijoan-Mas, Josep
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Federal Reserve Bank of New York, New York, NY

    We provide a framework to study how different allocation systems of public procurement contracts affect firm dynamics and long-run macroeconomic outcomes. We start by using a newly created panel data set of administrative data that merges Spanish... more

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    We provide a framework to study how different allocation systems of public procurement contracts affect firm dynamics and long-run macroeconomic outcomes. We start by using a newly created panel data set of administrative data that merges Spanish credit register loan data, quasi-census firm-level data, and public procurement projects to study firm selection into procurement and the effects of procurement on credit growth and firm growth. We show evidence consistent with the hypotheses that there is selection of large firms into procurement, that procurement contracts provide useful collateral for firms more so than sales to the private sector and that procurement contracts facilitate firm growth beyond the contract duration. We next build a model of firm dynamics with both asset-based and earnings-based borrowing constraints and a government that buys goods and services from private sector firms. We use the calibrated model to quantify the long-run macroeconomic consequences of alternative procurement allocation systems. We find that granting procurement contracts to small firms, either by directly targeting them or by slicing large contracts into smaller ones, helps these firms grow and overcome financial constraints in the long run. However, we also find that reducing the average size of contracts or making it less likely for large firms to access them removes saving incentives for large firms, whose negative effects on capital accumulation can overcome the expansionary consequences for small firms and hence generate a drop in aggregate output.

     
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    hdl: 10419/262056
    Series: Staff reports / Federal Reserve Bank of New York ; no. 1006 (February 2022)
    Subjects: government procurement; financial frictions; capital accumulation; aggregate productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 76 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Distribution costs
    Author: Peter, Alessandra; Ruane, Cian
    Published: 2021 JAN
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    We provide the first direct estimates of distribution expenses incurred by manufacturing plants and assess their importance for aggregate output. Using a novel measure from the Indian Annual Survey of Industries, we document three key facts: (1)... more

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    We provide the first direct estimates of distribution expenses incurred by manufacturing plants and assess their importance for aggregate output. Using a novel measure from the Indian Annual Survey of Industries, we document three key facts: (1) distribution expenses are large - they amount to over half of labor costs; (2) plants in the largest decile - relative to the smallest - spend over three times as much on distribution as a share of sales; and (3) between 2000 and 2010, distribution costs as a share of sales declined by one third. We develop a model of heterogeneous manufacturing firms that rely on the distribution sector to sell their goods across space. We quantify the model using the facts on size and systematic heterogeneity in distribution shares as well as newly constructed estimates of intranational trade. Accounting for firm heterogeneity in distribution requirements is important: welfare losses from low TFP in the distribution sector are amplified 1.5-fold. From 2000 to 2010, India saw an increase in intranational trade hand in hand with a decrease in the distribution share. In combination with the model, these trends suggest largescale decreases in both variable and fixed costs of distribution, leading to welfare gains of 58% over this ten year period

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
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    ISBN: 9781616355036
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    Series: Working paper / International Monetary Fund ; WP/22, 7
    Subjects: Distribution; transportation costs; aggregate productivity; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence; Distribution, Transportation Costs and Aggregate Productivity; Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development; Measurement of Economic Growth
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The impact of firm-level Covid rescue policies on productivity growth and reallocation
    Author: Konings, Jozef; Magerman, Glenn; Van Esbroeck, Dieter
    Published: September 2022
    Publisher:  ECARES, Brussels, Belgium

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/349952
    Series: ECARES working paper ; 2022, 28
    Subjects: Productivity; productivity growth; aggregate productivity; allocative efficiency
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Government procurement and access to credit
    firm dynamics and aggregate implications
    Author: Di Giovanni, Julian; García-Santana, Manuel; Jeenas, Priit; Moral-Benito, Enrique; Pijoan-Mas, Josep
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Department of Economics and Business, Barcelona

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: Economics working paper series ; no. 1821
    Subjects: government procurement; Financial Frictions; Capital Accumulation; aggregate productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 76 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. The size-centrality relationship in production networks
    Author: Dacic, Nikola; Melolinna, Marko
    Published: [2022 ]
    Publisher:  Bank of England, London

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: Staff working paper / Bank of England ; no. 994 (August 2022)
    Subjects: Business cycle; aggregate productivity; productivity puzzle; input-outputlinkages; production network
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa Seiten)
  15. Decomposing aggregate productivity
    Author: Pancost, N. Aaron; Yeh, Chen
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  U.S. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies, Washington, DC

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    Series: Working papers / Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau ; 22, 25 (July 2022)
    Subjects: aggregate productivity; growth; misallocation; entry; exit
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Financial frictions, equity constraints, and average firm size across countries
    Author: Bento, Pedro; Ranasinghe, Ashantha
    Published: August 2021
    Publisher:  University of Alberta, Faculty of Arts, Department of Economics, Edmonton

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    Series: Working paper / University of Alberta, Faculty of Arts, Department of Economics ; no. 2021, 7
    Subjects: financial development; equity; firm size; investment; aggregate productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Quantifying the supply and demand effects of natural disasters using monthly trade data
    Author: Felbermayr, Gabriel; Gröschl, Jasmin Katrin; Heid, Benedikt
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel

    We develop a simple methodology to estimate monthly aggregate supply and demand conditions from bilateral international trade data for about 180 countries and 40 years. We apply our method to measure the short-run effects of natural disasters. In... more

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    We develop a simple methodology to estimate monthly aggregate supply and demand conditions from bilateral international trade data for about 180 countries and 40 years. We apply our method to measure the short-run effects of natural disasters. In line with theoretical considerations, we find large, persistent negative effects of earthquakes and storms on supply and demand for credit-constrained countries. In other economies, supply is temporarily depressed while demand is temporarily up after a disaster. Using a consistent structural trade model, we back out monthly aggregate productivity measures. We quantify how the adverse productivity effects of the 1992 earthquake in Nicaragua and the 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Japan impacted those countries and their trade partners conditional on different assumptions about trade costs.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    hdl: 10419/238065
    Edition: this draft: June 24, 2021
    Series: Kiel working paper ; no. 2172 (December 2020)
    Subjects: economic effects of natural disasters; monthly trade data; dynamic quantitative trade model; earthquakes; storms; aggregate productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. How to not miss a productivity revival once again?
    Author: Ark, Bart van; Vries, Klaas de; Erumban, Abdul Azeez
    Published: November 2020
    Publisher:  National Institute of Economic and Social Research, London

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    Series: NIESR discussion paper ; no. 518 (5 November 2020)
    Subjects: production; cost; capital; multifactor and total factor productivity; capacity; measurement of economic growth; aggregate productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Gender equity in labor market opportunities and aggregate technical efficiency
    a case of equity promoting efficiency
    Author: Hazarika, Gautam; Khraiche, Maroula; Kutlu, Levent
    Published: April 2023
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This study applies a panel data stochastic frontier analysis to country data towards examining the effect of gender equity in labor market opportunities upon efficiency in the production of GDP. It finds that aggregate technical efficiency is... more

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    This study applies a panel data stochastic frontier analysis to country data towards examining the effect of gender equity in labor market opportunities upon efficiency in the production of GDP. It finds that aggregate technical efficiency is improved by a widening of women's labor market opportunities as indicated by a rise in their share of employment, but that this effect is dampened by patriarchal cultural norms whose strength is measured by the proportion of the population tracing its ancestry to ethnic groups who adopted the plough as an agricultural implement. That aggregate technical efficiency rises in women's share of employment is consistent with improvement in the average quality of the workforce when talented women's entry to it is eased. That this effect is dampened by patriarchal cultural norms is consistent with their promoting a misallocation of employed women. Additionally, aggregate technical efficiency appears improved by democracy, the control of corruption, and trade-openness.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/272723
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16096
    Subjects: gender equity; patriarchy; aggregate productivity; technical efficiency; stochastic frontier model
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten)