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Includes bibliographical references and index Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- PART I INTRODUCTION AND CORE CONCEPTS -- 1 Good and Evil -- WHAT IS GOODNESS, WHAT IS EVIL? -- THE PROGRESSIVE INCREASE IN, OR EVOLUTION OF, GOODNESS AND EVIL, AND THE ROLE OF BYSTANDERS -- THE POWER OF CIRCUMSTANCE AND THE IMPORTANCE OF WHO WE ARE -- HUMAN NATURE, GOODNESS, AND EVIL -- ARE GOOD AND EVIL CULTURALLY RELATIVE? -- GOOD AND EVIL AS OPPOSITES -- GOOD AND EVIL IN INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS -- SPIRITUALITY, GOODNESS, AND EVIL -- THEMES OF THIS BOOK: ORGANIZATION BY TOPICS -- Notes -- 2 Studying the Pivotal Role of Bystanders -- STOPPING POLICE BRUTALITY -- THE PATH TO ATROCITY -- 3 Studying and Promoting Altruism and Studying and Working to Prevent Genocide -- INTRODUCTION -- FROM SURVIVAL TO BECOMING A PSYCHOLOGIST -- FROM COMMUNIST HUNGARY TO THE UNITED STATES -- RESEARCH -- THE IMPACT OF THE HOLOCAUST ON ME -- WHERE AM I, AT THIS TIME IN MY LIFE? -- References -- 4 Is Evil a Useful Concept for Psychologists and Others? -- - References -- 5 Basic Human Needs and Their Role in Altruism and Aggression -- BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS -- IDENTIFYING NEEDS: AN ANALYSIS OF GROUP VIOLENCE -- BASIC NEEDS: DEFINITIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS -- FURTHER CONSEQUENCES OF THE FULFILLMENT OF BASIC NEEDS -- References -- PART II THE ROOTS OF HELPING OTHER PEOPLE IN NEED IN CONTRAST TO PASSIVITY -- 6 Helping a Distressed Person -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. SOME RECENT RESEARCH ON HELPING BEHAVIOR -- III. MOTIVES FOR HELPING (AND NOT HELPING) OTHERS -- IV. THE SITUATION AND THE PERSON AS DETERMINANTS OF HELPING BEHAVIOR -- V. THE EFFECTS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STIMULUS FOR HELP AND OF SURROUNDING CONDITIONS ON HELPING BEHAVIOR -- VI. INFLUENCES THAT CONFLICT WITH HELPING: IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT RULES OF APPROPRIATE BEHAVIOR -- VII. INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCES ON HELPING: THE EFFECT OF ANOTHER ONLOOKER DEFINING" THE STIMULUS AND THE APPROPRIATE" -- - VIII. PERSONALITY, COMMUNICATIONS ABOUT PERMISSIBLE BEHAVIOR, AND HELPING UNDER LIFELIKE'' CONDITIONS -- IX. GENERAL DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 7 Spontaneous (or Impulsive) Helping -- References -- 8 Social and Prosocial Behavior -- SITUATIONAL AND PERSONAL INFLUENCES -- THE MEANING AND NATURE OF INTERACTION -- A THEORETICAL MODEL FOR PREDICTING PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR -- OTHER PERSONALITY INFLUENCES -- DIMENSIONS OF SITUATIONS RELEVANT TO HELPING -- SUPPORTING RESEARCH -- References -- 9 The Power to Help Others -- WHAT VALUES ARE MOST IMPORTANT TO PEOPLE WHO CONSISTENTLY HELP OTHERS? -- DO OTHER-ORIENTED VALUES PRODUCE HELPING? -- WHAT ARE TRULY OTHER-ORIENTED GOALS? -- DO SELF-ORIENTED GOALS AUTOMATICALLY MEAN LESS HELPING? -- HOW HELPING MAKES YOU FEEL GOOD -- HOW HEALTH AND WELL-BEING RELATE TO HELPING -- WHICH IS THE MORE HELPFUL SEX? -- THOSE HELPFUL THIRTYSOMETHINGS -- THE ROOTS OF HELPING: WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED? -- - PART III HOW CHILDREN BECOME CARING AND HELPFUL RATHER THAN HOSTILE AND AGGRESSIVE -- 10 The Origins of Caring, Helping, and Nonaggression -- CHILD REARING THAT PROMOTES CARING, HELPING, AND NONAGGRESSION -- THE INFLUENCE OF THE FAMILY AS A SYSTEM -- References -- 11 Natural Socialization -- FOCUSING RESPONSIBILITY ON C "This book gathers together the knowledge gained in a lifelong study of the causes of goodness and evil. Since the 1960s Ervin Staub has studied the roots of helpful, caring, generous, and altruistic behavior in adults and their development in children, as well as passivity in response to others' need. He has also studied bullying and victimization in schools, as well as youth violence and its prevention. He spent many years studying the origins (and prevention) of human destructiveness, genocide, and mass killing, and he has examined the Holocaust, the genocide of the Armenians, the disappearances in Argentina, the genocide in Rwanda, and other instances. He has applied his work in many real-world settings, in seminars, workshops, lectures, and in consultations with parents and teachers, police officers, and political leaders. He has appeared frequently in the media, since September 11 especially, to explain the causes and prevention of terrorism. Professor Staub has published, in addition to books, many articles and book chapters on these topics. A selection from these is gathered, with new writings added, in The Psychology of Good and Evil. The book presents a broad panorama of the roots of violence and caring and suggests how we can create societies and a world that are caring, peaceful, and harmonious. Two of the important themes of the book are how both evil and goodness evolve, step by step, and the great power of bystanders."--BOOK JACKET. |
