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  1. Are Microcredit Participants in Bangladesh Trapped in Poverty and Debt?
    Author: Khandker, Shahidur R.; Samad, Hussain A.
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  World Bank, Washington, DC

    This paper addresses whether microcredit participants in Bangladesh are trapped in poverty and debt, as many critics have argued in recent years. Analysis of data from a long panel survey over a 20-year period confirms this is not the case, although... more

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    Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung, Bibliothek und wissenschaftliche Information
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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    This paper addresses whether microcredit participants in Bangladesh are trapped in poverty and debt, as many critics have argued in recent years. Analysis of data from a long panel survey over a 20-year period confirms this is not the case, although numerous participants have been with microcredit programs for many years. The results of the analysis suggest that participants derive a variety of benefits from microcredit: It helps them to earn income and consume more, accumulate assets, invest in children's schooling, and be lifted out of poverty. This is not to say that non-participants have failed to progress over the same period. Both participants and non-participants have gained as the economy has grown; however, the rates of poverty reduction have been higher for participants. Testing the net effect of microcredit programs requires applying an econometric method that controls for why some households participated and others did not, conditional on their initial characteristics. In addition, the method must control for time-varying, unobserved heterogeneity that affects everyone over time, albeit in possibly different ways. The paper's econometric estimates show significant welfare gains resulting from microcredit participation, especially for women. They also show that the accrued benefits of borrowing outweigh accumulated debt. As a result, households' net worth has increased, and both poverty and the debt-asset ratio have declined.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/13125
    Series: Policy Research working paper ; WPS 6404
    Subjects: AMOUNT OF LOAN; ASSET HOLDINGS; ASSET RATIO; ASSET RATIOS; ASSET VALUE; AVERAGE DEBT; BANK LOANS; BANK POLICY; BANK RATE; BENEFICIARIES; BIDS; BORROWER; BORROWING; COMMERCIAL BANK; COMMERCIAL BANKS; CONSUMER GOODS; CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE; CREDIT ACCESS; CREDIT SCORING; CROP PRODUCTION; DEBT; DEBT SERVICING; DEMAND FOR CREDIT; DEPOSITS; DUE DILIGENCE; ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; ECONOMIC GROWTH; ECONOMIC POLICIES; EMPLOYMENT; EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN; EXTREME POVERTY; FARM ACTIVITIES; FARM SECTOR; FEMALE PARTICIPATION; FINANCIAL ASSETS; FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS; FOOD BASKET; FOOD CONSUMPTION; FOOD EXPENDITURE; FOOD EXPENDITURES; FOOD ITEMS; FOOD POLICY; FOOD POVERTY; FOOD POVERTY LINE; GENDER DISPARITY; GLOBAL POVERTY; GROUP LENDING; HOUSEHOLD HEAD; HOUSEHOLD INCOME; HOUSEHOLD PARTICIPATION; HUMAN CAPITAL; HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT; HUMAN DEVELOPMENT; IMPACT EVALUATION; INCOME; INCOME GENERATION; INDEBTED HOUSEHOLDS; INDEBTEDNESS; INEQUALITY; INFORMAL LENDERS; INTEREST RATES; INTERNATIONAL BANK; INTERVENTION; LAND ASSET; LAND ASSETS; LAND VALUE; LANDHOLDINGS; LEARNING; LENDERS; LIABILITY; LIVING STANDARDS; LOAN; LOAN AMOUNTS; LOAN PORTFOLIO; LONGITUDINAL DATA; MEAT; MICROCREDIT; MICROCREDIT PROGRAMS; MICROENTERPRISE CREDIT; MICROFINANCE; MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS; MILK; NONFARM INCOME; NUTRITION; PENSIONS; PER CAPITA INCOME; PERFORMANCE INDICATORS; POLITICAL ECONOMY; POOR; POOR HOUSEHOLDS; POVERTY ALLEVIATION; POVERTY DYNAMICS; POVERTY LINE; POVERTY RATES; POVERTY REDUCTION; POVERTY STATUS; PROGRAM EFFECTS; RATES OF RETURN; REDUCTION IN POVERTY; REMITTANCES; REORGANIZATION; RETURNS; RURAL; RURAL AREAS; RURAL COMMUNITIES; RURAL CREDIT; RURAL DEVELOPMENT; RURAL HOUSEHOLDS; RURAL POVERTY; SAMPLE SIZE; SAVINGS; SAVINGS ACCOUNT; SCHOOL ATTENDANCE; SCHOOLING; SELECTION BIAS; SELF-EMPLOYMENT; SOLVENCY; STOCKS; TOTAL DEBT; TRANSACTION; TRANSPORT; TREATMENT EFFECTS; VEGETABLES; VILLAGE FUND; VILLAGE LEVEL; VULNERABLE GROUPS; WAGE EMPLOYMENT; WAGES; WELFARE INDICATOR; WELFARE MEASURES
    Scope: Online-Ressource
  2. World Bank Group assistance to low-income fragile and conflict-affected states
    an independent evaluation ; main report
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  World Bank, Washington, DC

    The World Bank Group has identified support to fragile and conflict-affected states (FCS) as a strategic priority, critical to achieving its mission of poverty alleviation and shared prosperity. This review of International Development Association... more

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    The World Bank Group has identified support to fragile and conflict-affected states (FCS) as a strategic priority, critical to achieving its mission of poverty alleviation and shared prosperity. This review of International Development Association (IDA) countries establishes that the World Bank's portfolio performance in low-income FCS has improved since 2001 compared to low-income countries that are not fragile. It also ascertains that country assistance strategies have lacked tailoring to fragility and conflict drivers and realism and do not currently have contingencies based on political economy and conflict risks to adjust objectives and results if risks materialize, and that the Bank has been relatively effective in mainstreaming gender within the health and education and community-driven development portfolios, but has paid insufficient attention to conflict-related violence against women and economic empowerment of women in low-income fragile and conflict affected states. Other significant observations include the usefulness of community-driven development for short-term assistance to local communities in fragile and conflict-affected states, and that the global shift in aid flows toward fragile states has not been matched by IDA, and fragile and conflict-affected states receive less aid per capita from IDA than do other low-income countries.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781464802188
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/16999
    hdl: 11159/44
    Subjects: Entwicklungsfinanzierung; Internationaler Kredit; Entwicklungsländer; ACCESS TO FINANCE; ACCESS TO MARKETS; ACCOUNTABILITY; ACCOUNTING; ADB; ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY; ADVISORY SERVICES; AGRICULTURAL SECTOR; AID FLOWS; ALLIANCE; BALANCE SHEETS; BANK MANAGEMENT; BANK PORTFOLIO; BARRIERS TO BUSINESS GROWTH; BENEFICIARIES; BOUNDARIES; BUSINESS PLANS; CAPITAL CONSTRAINTS; CIVIL SERVICE; CIVIL WAR; COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT; CONFIDENCE; CONFLICT; CONSTRAINT; CONTINGENCY PLANNING; CORPORATE INVESTORS; CORRUPTION; COUNTERPARTS; COUNTRY RISK; CREDIT AGENCIES; CREDIT AGENCY; CRIMINAL; CRISES; DECENTRALIZATION; DEMOBILIZATION; DETERRENCE; DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE; DEVELOPMENT BANK; DIRECT FINANCIAL SUPPORT; DISARMAMENT; DISBURSEMENTS; DONOR FUNDING; DUE DILIGENCE; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT; ECONOMIC GROWTH; ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES; EMERGING MARKETS; EMPLOYMENT; EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES; EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN; ENABLING ENVIRONMENTS; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; EQUITY INVESTMENT; EX-COMBATANTS; EXCOMBATANTS; EXPENDITURE; EXPENDITURES; EXTREME POVERTY; FARMERS; FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; FINANCIAL MARKETS; FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT; FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY; FOOD SECURITY; FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT; FRONTIER; GENDER; GENDER ASSESSMENTS; GENDER EQUALITY; GENDER ISSUES; GENDER SENSITIVITY; GLOBAL TRADE; GRANT ALLOCATIONS; GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT; GUARANTEE AGENCY; HOST COUNTRY; HUMAN CAPITAL; HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT; HUMAN DEVELOPMENT; HUMAN RESOURCES; IBRD; IFC; IMMUNIZATIONS; INEQUALITY; INFORMAL ECONOMIES; INITIATIVE; INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY; INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING; INSTRUMENT; INSURANCE; INTERNATIONAL BANK; INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT; INTERNATIONAL FINANCE; INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS; INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION; INTERNATIONAL STUDIES; INVESTING; INVESTMENT CLIMATE; INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES; INVESTMENT PROJECTS; JOB CREATION; JUDICIAL REFORM; JUSTICE; LAND RIGHTS; LAW ENFORCEMENT; LEADERSHIP; LEGAL CONSTRAINTS; LEGISLATION; LOCAL CONFLICT; LOCAL ECONOMY; LOCAL GOVERNMENT; LOCAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES; LONG-TERM INVESTORS; MAINSTREAMING GENDER; MANDATES; MEDIATION; MICRO FINANCE; MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTION; MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS; MICROFINANCE; MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS; MIGRATION; MINISTER; MODALITIES; MODALITY; NATIONS; NATURAL RESOURCES; NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION; OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN; PEACE; PEACEBUILDING; POLITICAL ECONOMY; POLITICAL RISK; POLITICAL RISKS; POLITICAL SETTLEMENT; POLITICAL VIOLENCE; PORTFOLIO; PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS; PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE; PORTFOLIO QUALITY; PORTFOLIO RISK; PORTFOLIOS; PRIVATE FINANCE; PROCUREMENT; PROJECT DESIGN; PROJECT EVALUATION; PURCHASING POWER; PURCHASING POWER PARITY; RECONSTRUCTION; REGULATORY FRAMEWORK; REHABILITATION; REVENUE MOBILIZATION; RISK MANAGEMENT; RISK PROFILES; RULE OF LAW; SERVICE DELIVERY; SETTLEMENT; SHORT-TERM FINANCE; SMALL BUSINESSES; SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT; SOCIAL EXCLUSION; SOCIAL FUND; SOURCES OF FUNDS; SUPPORT FOR INVESTMENT; SWAPS; TACTIC; TAX; TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE; TECHNICAL SUPPORT; TELECOMMUNICATIONS; TRADE FINANCE; TRANSPARENCY; TRANSPORT; TRUST FUND; TRUST FUNDS; UNDP; UNEMPLOYMENT; UNION; URBANIZATION; VALUATION; VICTIMS; VIOLENCE; WORLD DEVELOPMENT
    Scope: Online-Ressource (LI, 134 S.), graph. Darst.
  3. World Bank Group assistance to low-income fragile and conflict-affected states
    an independent evaluation ; main report
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  World Bank, Washington, DC

    The World Bank Group has identified support to fragile and conflict-affected states (FCS) as a strategic priority, critical to achieving its mission of poverty alleviation and shared prosperity. This review of International Development Association... more

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    Orient-Institut Beirut
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    Online
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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
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    Universitätsbibliothek Clausthal
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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    ZSM
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    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
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    The World Bank Group has identified support to fragile and conflict-affected states (FCS) as a strategic priority, critical to achieving its mission of poverty alleviation and shared prosperity. This review of International Development Association (IDA) countries establishes that the World Bank's portfolio performance in low-income FCS has improved since 2001 compared to low-income countries that are not fragile. It also ascertains that country assistance strategies have lacked tailoring to fragility and conflict drivers and realism and do not currently have contingencies based on political economy and conflict risks to adjust objectives and results if risks materialize, and that the Bank has been relatively effective in mainstreaming gender within the health and education and community-driven development portfolios, but has paid insufficient attention to conflict-related violence against women and economic empowerment of women in low-income fragile and conflict affected states. Other significant observations include the usefulness of community-driven development for short-term assistance to local communities in fragile and conflict-affected states, and that the global shift in aid flows toward fragile states has not been matched by IDA, and fragile and conflict-affected states receive less aid per capita from IDA than do other low-income countries.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Content information
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781464802188
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/16999
    hdl: 11159/44
    Subjects: Entwicklungsfinanzierung; Internationaler Kredit; Entwicklungsländer; ACCESS TO FINANCE; ACCESS TO MARKETS; ACCOUNTABILITY; ACCOUNTING; ADB; ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY; ADVISORY SERVICES; AGRICULTURAL SECTOR; AID FLOWS; ALLIANCE; BALANCE SHEETS; BANK MANAGEMENT; BANK PORTFOLIO; BARRIERS TO BUSINESS GROWTH; BENEFICIARIES; BOUNDARIES; BUSINESS PLANS; CAPITAL CONSTRAINTS; CIVIL SERVICE; CIVIL WAR; COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT; CONFIDENCE; CONFLICT; CONSTRAINT; CONTINGENCY PLANNING; CORPORATE INVESTORS; CORRUPTION; COUNTERPARTS; COUNTRY RISK; CREDIT AGENCIES; CREDIT AGENCY; CRIMINAL; CRISES; DECENTRALIZATION; DEMOBILIZATION; DETERRENCE; DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE; DEVELOPMENT BANK; DIRECT FINANCIAL SUPPORT; DISARMAMENT; DISBURSEMENTS; DONOR FUNDING; DUE DILIGENCE; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT; ECONOMIC GROWTH; ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES; EMERGING MARKETS; EMPLOYMENT; EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES; EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN; ENABLING ENVIRONMENTS; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; EQUITY INVESTMENT; EX-COMBATANTS; EXCOMBATANTS; EXPENDITURE; EXPENDITURES; EXTREME POVERTY; FARMERS; FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; FINANCIAL MARKETS; FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT; FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY; FOOD SECURITY; FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT; FRONTIER; GENDER; GENDER ASSESSMENTS; GENDER EQUALITY; GENDER ISSUES; GENDER SENSITIVITY; GLOBAL TRADE; GRANT ALLOCATIONS; GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT; GUARANTEE AGENCY; HOST COUNTRY; HUMAN CAPITAL; HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT; HUMAN DEVELOPMENT; HUMAN RESOURCES; IBRD; IFC; IMMUNIZATIONS; INEQUALITY; INFORMAL ECONOMIES; INITIATIVE; INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY; INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING; INSTRUMENT; INSURANCE; INTERNATIONAL BANK; INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT; INTERNATIONAL FINANCE; INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS; INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION; INTERNATIONAL STUDIES; INVESTING; INVESTMENT CLIMATE; INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES; INVESTMENT PROJECTS; JOB CREATION; JUDICIAL REFORM; JUSTICE; LAND RIGHTS; LAW ENFORCEMENT; LEADERSHIP; LEGAL CONSTRAINTS; LEGISLATION; LOCAL CONFLICT; LOCAL ECONOMY; LOCAL GOVERNMENT; LOCAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES; LONG-TERM INVESTORS; MAINSTREAMING GENDER; MANDATES; MEDIATION; MICRO FINANCE; MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTION; MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS; MICROFINANCE; MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS; MIGRATION; MINISTER; MODALITIES; MODALITY; NATIONS; NATURAL RESOURCES; NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION; OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN; PEACE; PEACEBUILDING; POLITICAL ECONOMY; POLITICAL RISK; POLITICAL RISKS; POLITICAL SETTLEMENT; POLITICAL VIOLENCE; PORTFOLIO; PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS; PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE; PORTFOLIO QUALITY; PORTFOLIO RISK; PORTFOLIOS; PRIVATE FINANCE; PROCUREMENT; PROJECT DESIGN; PROJECT EVALUATION; PURCHASING POWER; PURCHASING POWER PARITY; RECONSTRUCTION; REGULATORY FRAMEWORK; REHABILITATION; REVENUE MOBILIZATION; RISK MANAGEMENT; RISK PROFILES; RULE OF LAW; SERVICE DELIVERY; SETTLEMENT; SHORT-TERM FINANCE; SMALL BUSINESSES; SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT; SOCIAL EXCLUSION; SOCIAL FUND; SOURCES OF FUNDS; SUPPORT FOR INVESTMENT; SWAPS; TACTIC; TAX; TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE; TECHNICAL SUPPORT; TELECOMMUNICATIONS; TRADE FINANCE; TRANSPARENCY; TRANSPORT; TRUST FUND; TRUST FUNDS; UNDP; UNEMPLOYMENT; UNION; URBANIZATION; VALUATION; VICTIMS; VIOLENCE; WORLD DEVELOPMENT
    Scope: Online-Ressource (LI, 134 S.), graph. Darst.