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Displaying results 1 to 24 of 24.

  1. Costa Rica
    2021 Article IV consultation and request for an extended arrangement under the extended fund facility : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Costa Rica
    Published: March 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Costa Rica has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, notwithstanding the authorities' proactive policy response and the country's well-established universal healthcare system. The socio-economic impact has been significant, exacerbating an already... more

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    Costa Rica has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, notwithstanding the authorities' proactive policy response and the country's well-established universal healthcare system. The socio-economic impact has been significant, exacerbating an already fragile outlook and pre-existing imbalances, with a significant toll on economic activity and unemployment-especially among women and the young. The shock has further weakened the country's fiscal position, undermining the expected yields from the ambitious fiscal reform launched in late 2018, and generated a large financing gap. Financial support through the Fund's Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) in 2020 provided temporary relief to respond to the pandemic, including by catalyzing financial assistance from other official partners, but financing needs remain sizable over the medium term

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781513570921
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    Series: IMF country reports ; 21, 48
    Subjects: BCCR Law; Costa Rican authorities; reform agenda; EFF policy commitment; monetary policy stance; COVID-19; External sector statistics; Government finance statistics; Global; Central America
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 130 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Mexico
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; and staff report
    Published: November 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Spurred by strong U.S. growth and rising vaccination rates, the economy is rebounding. The government has successfully maintained external, financial, and fiscal stability despite the deepest recession in decades. Nonetheless, Mexico is bearing a... more

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    Spurred by strong U.S. growth and rising vaccination rates, the economy is rebounding. The government has successfully maintained external, financial, and fiscal stability despite the deepest recession in decades. Nonetheless, Mexico is bearing a very heavy humanitarian, social, and economic cost from COVID-19, including over half a million excess deaths, sizable under-employment, an increase in already-high levels of poverty, and learning losses for the young. Real income per capita is continuing its long-run divergence from the U.S., while additional challenges are emerging from technological shifts and climate change

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781557753144
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 21, 240
    Subjects: liability positions vis-à-vis nonresident; data ROSC update; ROSC mission; Policy discussion; climate change mitigation policy; Inflation; External sector statistics; Central bank policy rate; Government finance statistics; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 84 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Vanuatu
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Vanuatu
    Published: September 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Border closures and other pandemic containment measures have kept Vanuatu free from COVID-19. However, they have dealt a heavy blow to economic activity as tourism has come to a virtual halt. On top of the pandemic, Tropical Cyclone Harold and a... more

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    Border closures and other pandemic containment measures have kept Vanuatu free from COVID-19. However, they have dealt a heavy blow to economic activity as tourism has come to a virtual halt. On top of the pandemic, Tropical Cyclone Harold and a volcanic eruption in Tanna Island caused extensive economic damage in 2020. In the context of a continued loss of correspondent banking relationships (CBRs) in the Pacific, Vanuatu also lost a key CBR at end-June 2021. Air Vanuatu, one of the state-owned enterprises (SOEs), is in the process of being restructured

     
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  4. Austria
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; staff supplementary information; and statement by the Executive Director for Austria
    Published: September 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Austria entered the crisis from a strong position. Prudent policies prior to the pandemic provided significant policy space. Several lockdowns helped contain the virus but significantly impaired the economy. Real GDP contracted by 6.3 percent in 2020... more

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    Austria entered the crisis from a strong position. Prudent policies prior to the pandemic provided significant policy space. Several lockdowns helped contain the virus but significantly impaired the economy. Real GDP contracted by 6.3 percent in 2020 and declined further in early 2021. The 2021 recovery is expected to be modest; the tourism and hospitality sectors will continue to be affected. Over the medium term, growth will accelerate in 2022 and then stabilize at potential, but the output level will remain somewhat below the pre-COVID trend. Uncertainty remains high

     
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  5. Vietnam
    2020 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Vietnam
    Published: March 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Successful containment of COVID-19 and strong policy support have helped contain the health and economic fallout, and a strong recovery is underway. Growth in 2020 reached 2.9 percent, among the highest in the world. However, labor market conditions... more

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    Successful containment of COVID-19 and strong policy support have helped contain the health and economic fallout, and a strong recovery is underway. Growth in 2020 reached 2.9 percent, among the highest in the world. However, labor market conditions remain weak. Corporate balance sheets have worsened, potentially hampering private investment and job prospects. Banks entered the crisis in a stronger position than in previous years, but weaknesses remain. Vietnam's economy remains heavily reliant on external trade and is vulnerable to trade tensions

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781513570488
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    Series: IMF country reports ; 21, 42
    Subjects: ISCR; CR; accommodative monetary policy stance; U.S. dollar; th authorities; State budget; fiscal policy framework; CPI methodology; government financing data; External sector statistics; Global
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 96 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. People's Republic of China-Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
    2022 Article IV consultation discussions : press release; and staff report
    Published: March 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Hong Kong SAR's economy is recovering strongly as ample policy space has allowed the enaction of swift and bold policy responses to address the unprecedented crisis emanating from multiple shocks, including notably the pandemic. But the recovery... more

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    Hong Kong SAR's economy is recovering strongly as ample policy space has allowed the enaction of swift and bold policy responses to address the unprecedented crisis emanating from multiple shocks, including notably the pandemic. But the recovery remains uneven, with private consumption lagging, owing, in part, to a zero- COVID tolerance approach. The financial sector has remained resilient supported by significant buffers, strong institutional frameworks, and a well-functioning Linked Exchange Rate System (LERS). Increasing financial linkages with Mainland China bring both opportunities and challenges for growth and financial stability

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9798400203725
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 22, 69
    Subjects: housing supply; article IV consultation discussion; rate of HK; improving housing affordability; containing housing market; GDP compilation; Housing prices; Housing; Economic recovery; Financial sector stability; External sector statistics; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Republic of Tajikistan
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Tajikistan
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    With a strong recovery in train, the authorities are gradually withdrawing the policy stimulus released during the pandemic. Although debt is sustainable, there is a high risk of debt distress. At the same time, financing the Roghun dam project while... more

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    With a strong recovery in train, the authorities are gradually withdrawing the policy stimulus released during the pandemic. Although debt is sustainable, there is a high risk of debt distress. At the same time, financing the Roghun dam project while implementing tax reform remains a key challenge. The financial sector has stabilized, but intermediation remains low. Risks to the outlook are tilted to the downside due to uncertainty on the pandemic and regional spillovers

     
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  8. Czech Republic
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; supplementary information; and statement by the Executive Director for the Czech Republic
    Published: January 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    The Czech Republic entered the pandemic on a strong economic footing. Amid another surge in virus infections, the outlook is for a continued rebound in activity. However, the risks are tilted to the downside. Inflation remained marginally above the... more

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    The Czech Republic entered the pandemic on a strong economic footing. Amid another surge in virus infections, the outlook is for a continued rebound in activity. However, the risks are tilted to the downside. Inflation remained marginally above the upper tolerance band in 2020 and increased substantially in late 2021. Pressures in the labor market remain. Macrofinancial vulnerabilities persist as house price growth has reached record highs amid significant risk-taking by lenders

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9798400200182
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 22, 23
    Subjects: COVID infection; inflation pressure; data release; staff expectation; staff appraisal; Inflation; External sector statistics; Labor markets; Global; Europe; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 88 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Solomon Islands
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Solomon Islands
    Published: January 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Strong and timely containment measures have successfully prevented a domestic COVID-19 outbreak but have also weighed on economic activity and aggravated pre-existing socio-economic tensions. Following a contraction in 2020, growth is projected to... more

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    Strong and timely containment measures have successfully prevented a domestic COVID-19 outbreak but have also weighed on economic activity and aggravated pre-existing socio-economic tensions. Following a contraction in 2020, growth is projected to recover gradually starting this year and to gain strength as containment measures are relaxed and borders re-opened. Elevated pandemic-related uncertainties as well as longstanding social, economic and governance challenges and vulnerability to natural disasters pose headwinds to inclusive growth. Despite strong external buffers, weaker fiscal position increases vulnerability to shocks, while the decline in logging weighs on fiscal revenues and growth prospects

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
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    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9798400200106
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 22, 14
    Subjects: IMF executive board staff; financing gap; CBSI data; COVID expenditure; land mass; COVID-19; External sector statistics; Pacific Islands; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Republic of Azerbaijan
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; and staff report
    Published: December 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Azerbaijan faced unprecedented challenges in 2020. The combined COVID-19 and oil price shocks pushed the economy into recession. A sizeable relief package helped cushion the economic impact from this shock, and the economy has started to recover. Yet... more

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    Azerbaijan faced unprecedented challenges in 2020. The combined COVID-19 and oil price shocks pushed the economy into recession. A sizeable relief package helped cushion the economic impact from this shock, and the economy has started to recover. Yet the medium-term outlook remains subdued. The long-term fiscal position is unsustainable as oil resources are expected to run out by mid-century. The authorities have laid out strategic goals of accelerated yet sustainable socio-economic development over the next decade and are developing policy plans to that end

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781616359591
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 21, 278
    Subjects: CPI data ROSC; fund Dept; safeguards assessment policy; fund surveillance; transparency policy; International Monetary Fund Washington, d.c; Oil prices; Oil; External sector statistics; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Mexico
    report on the observance of standards and codes : data module
    Published: December 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes-Data Module (Data ROSC) updates assessments conducted in 2010 and 2015. The updated assessments are based on the May 2012 version of the IMF's Data Quality Assessment Framework (DQAF) and cover the... more

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    This Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes-Data Module (Data ROSC) updates assessments conducted in 2010 and 2015. The updated assessments are based on the May 2012 version of the IMF's Data Quality Assessment Framework (DQAF) and cover the national accounts, government finance, and external sector statistics. The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) is responsible for the national accounts, the Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit (SHCP) for the government finance statistics (except for data on state and local governments, which are the responsibility of INEGI), and the Bank of Mexico (BM) for the external sector statistics

     
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  12. Republic of Armenia
    2021 Article IV consultation, fourth and fifth reviews under the stand-by arrangement, and request for waiver of nonobservance of performance criterion and monetary policy consultation clause : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Republic of Armenia
    Published: December 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Armenia has commenced a robust recovery from the deep 2020 recession, benefiting from strong policies and the lifting of the political uncertainty after the elections in June. A gradual but uneven improvement in the pandemic situation, pent-up... more

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    Armenia has commenced a robust recovery from the deep 2020 recession, benefiting from strong policies and the lifting of the political uncertainty after the elections in June. A gradual but uneven improvement in the pandemic situation, pent-up demand, and the strengthening of public and private investment are expected to drive 2022 growth. Robust growth is expected over the medium term. Risks. Risks are relatively balanced, although uncertainty remains high. Strong reform implementation and accelerating vaccinations could improve the outlook, while risks of a protracted pandemic, renewed geopolitical tensions, a slowdown in major trading partners, and stress from global financial volatility and/or trade tensions could hamper the recovery

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781616357351
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 21, 273
    Subjects: inflation expectation; vaccination rollout; government program; foreign exchange conversion; vaccination rate; response to the pandemic; Inflation; External sector statistics; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 129 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Republic of Azerbaijan
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; and staff report
    Published: December 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Azerbaijan faced unprecedented challenges in 2020. The combined COVID-19 and oil price shocks pushed the economy into recession. A sizeable relief package helped cushion the economic impact from this shock, and the economy has started to recover. Yet... more

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    Azerbaijan faced unprecedented challenges in 2020. The combined COVID-19 and oil price shocks pushed the economy into recession. A sizeable relief package helped cushion the economic impact from this shock, and the economy has started to recover. Yet the medium-term outlook remains subdued. The long-term fiscal position is unsustainable as oil resources are expected to run out by mid-century. The authorities have laid out strategic goals of accelerated yet sustainable socio-economic development over the next decade and are developing policy plans to that end

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
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    ISBN: 9781616359591
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 21, 278
    Subjects: CPI data ROSC; fund Dept; safeguards assessment policy; fund surveillance; transparency policy; International Monetary Fund Washington, d.c; Oil prices; Oil; External sector statistics; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Mexico
    report on the observance of standards and codes : data module
    Published: December 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes-Data Module (Data ROSC) updates assessments conducted in 2010 and 2015. The updated assessments are based on the May 2012 version of the IMF's Data Quality Assessment Framework (DQAF) and cover the... more

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    Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Heidenheim, Bibliothek
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    Hochschulbibliothek Pforzheim, Bereichsbibliothek Technik und Wirtschaft
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    This Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes-Data Module (Data ROSC) updates assessments conducted in 2010 and 2015. The updated assessments are based on the May 2012 version of the IMF's Data Quality Assessment Framework (DQAF) and cover the national accounts, government finance, and external sector statistics. The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) is responsible for the national accounts, the Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit (SHCP) for the government finance statistics (except for data on state and local governments, which are the responsibility of INEGI), and the Bank of Mexico (BM) for the external sector statistics

     
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  15. Republic of Armenia
    2021 Article IV consultation, fourth and fifth reviews under the stand-by arrangement, and request for waiver of nonobservance of performance criterion and monetary policy consultation clause : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Republic of Armenia
    Published: December 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Armenia has commenced a robust recovery from the deep 2020 recession, benefiting from strong policies and the lifting of the political uncertainty after the elections in June. A gradual but uneven improvement in the pandemic situation, pent-up... more

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    Armenia has commenced a robust recovery from the deep 2020 recession, benefiting from strong policies and the lifting of the political uncertainty after the elections in June. A gradual but uneven improvement in the pandemic situation, pent-up demand, and the strengthening of public and private investment are expected to drive 2022 growth. Robust growth is expected over the medium term. Risks. Risks are relatively balanced, although uncertainty remains high. Strong reform implementation and accelerating vaccinations could improve the outlook, while risks of a protracted pandemic, renewed geopolitical tensions, a slowdown in major trading partners, and stress from global financial volatility and/or trade tensions could hamper the recovery

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781616357351
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 21, 273
    Subjects: inflation expectation; vaccination rollout; government program; foreign exchange conversion; vaccination rate; response to the pandemic; Inflation; External sector statistics; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 129 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. People's Republic of China-Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
    2022 Article IV consultation discussions : press release; and staff report
    Published: March 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Hong Kong SAR's economy is recovering strongly as ample policy space has allowed the enaction of swift and bold policy responses to address the unprecedented crisis emanating from multiple shocks, including notably the pandemic. But the recovery... more

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    Hong Kong SAR's economy is recovering strongly as ample policy space has allowed the enaction of swift and bold policy responses to address the unprecedented crisis emanating from multiple shocks, including notably the pandemic. But the recovery remains uneven, with private consumption lagging, owing, in part, to a zero- COVID tolerance approach. The financial sector has remained resilient supported by significant buffers, strong institutional frameworks, and a well-functioning Linked Exchange Rate System (LERS). Increasing financial linkages with Mainland China bring both opportunities and challenges for growth and financial stability

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9798400203725
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 22, 69
    Subjects: housing supply; article IV consultation discussion; rate of HK; improving housing affordability; containing housing market; GDP compilation; Housing prices; Housing; Economic recovery; Financial sector stability; External sector statistics; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Republic of Tajikistan
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Tajikistan
    Published: February 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    With a strong recovery in train, the authorities are gradually withdrawing the policy stimulus released during the pandemic. Although debt is sustainable, there is a high risk of debt distress. At the same time, financing the Roghun dam project while... more

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    With a strong recovery in train, the authorities are gradually withdrawing the policy stimulus released during the pandemic. Although debt is sustainable, there is a high risk of debt distress. At the same time, financing the Roghun dam project while implementing tax reform remains a key challenge. The financial sector has stabilized, but intermediation remains low. Risks to the outlook are tilted to the downside due to uncertainty on the pandemic and regional spillovers

     
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  18. Czech Republic
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; supplementary information; and statement by the Executive Director for the Czech Republic
    Published: January 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    The Czech Republic entered the pandemic on a strong economic footing. Amid another surge in virus infections, the outlook is for a continued rebound in activity. However, the risks are tilted to the downside. Inflation remained marginally above the... more

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    The Czech Republic entered the pandemic on a strong economic footing. Amid another surge in virus infections, the outlook is for a continued rebound in activity. However, the risks are tilted to the downside. Inflation remained marginally above the upper tolerance band in 2020 and increased substantially in late 2021. Pressures in the labor market remain. Macrofinancial vulnerabilities persist as house price growth has reached record highs amid significant risk-taking by lenders

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9798400200182
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 22, 23
    Subjects: COVID infection; inflation pressure; data release; staff expectation; staff appraisal; Inflation; External sector statistics; Labor markets; Global; Europe; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 88 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Solomon Islands
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Solomon Islands
    Published: January 2022
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Strong and timely containment measures have successfully prevented a domestic COVID-19 outbreak but have also weighed on economic activity and aggravated pre-existing socio-economic tensions. Following a contraction in 2020, growth is projected to... more

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    Strong and timely containment measures have successfully prevented a domestic COVID-19 outbreak but have also weighed on economic activity and aggravated pre-existing socio-economic tensions. Following a contraction in 2020, growth is projected to recover gradually starting this year and to gain strength as containment measures are relaxed and borders re-opened. Elevated pandemic-related uncertainties as well as longstanding social, economic and governance challenges and vulnerability to natural disasters pose headwinds to inclusive growth. Despite strong external buffers, weaker fiscal position increases vulnerability to shocks, while the decline in logging weighs on fiscal revenues and growth prospects

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
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    ISBN: 9798400200106
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 22, 14
    Subjects: IMF executive board staff; financing gap; CBSI data; COVID expenditure; land mass; COVID-19; External sector statistics; Pacific Islands; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Vanuatu
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Vanuatu
    Published: September 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Border closures and other pandemic containment measures have kept Vanuatu free from COVID-19. However, they have dealt a heavy blow to economic activity as tourism has come to a virtual halt. On top of the pandemic, Tropical Cyclone Harold and a... more

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    Border closures and other pandemic containment measures have kept Vanuatu free from COVID-19. However, they have dealt a heavy blow to economic activity as tourism has come to a virtual halt. On top of the pandemic, Tropical Cyclone Harold and a volcanic eruption in Tanna Island caused extensive economic damage in 2020. In the context of a continued loss of correspondent banking relationships (CBRs) in the Pacific, Vanuatu also lost a key CBR at end-June 2021. Air Vanuatu, one of the state-owned enterprises (SOEs), is in the process of being restructured

     
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  21. Austria
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; staff supplementary information; and statement by the Executive Director for Austria
    Published: September 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Austria entered the crisis from a strong position. Prudent policies prior to the pandemic provided significant policy space. Several lockdowns helped contain the virus but significantly impaired the economy. Real GDP contracted by 6.3 percent in 2020... more

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    Austria entered the crisis from a strong position. Prudent policies prior to the pandemic provided significant policy space. Several lockdowns helped contain the virus but significantly impaired the economy. Real GDP contracted by 6.3 percent in 2020 and declined further in early 2021. The 2021 recovery is expected to be modest; the tourism and hospitality sectors will continue to be affected. Over the medium term, growth will accelerate in 2022 and then stabilize at potential, but the output level will remain somewhat below the pre-COVID trend. Uncertainty remains high

     
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  22. Mexico
    2021 Article IV consultation : press release; and staff report
    Published: November 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Spurred by strong U.S. growth and rising vaccination rates, the economy is rebounding. The government has successfully maintained external, financial, and fiscal stability despite the deepest recession in decades. Nonetheless, Mexico is bearing a... more

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    Spurred by strong U.S. growth and rising vaccination rates, the economy is rebounding. The government has successfully maintained external, financial, and fiscal stability despite the deepest recession in decades. Nonetheless, Mexico is bearing a very heavy humanitarian, social, and economic cost from COVID-19, including over half a million excess deaths, sizable under-employment, an increase in already-high levels of poverty, and learning losses for the young. Real income per capita is continuing its long-run divergence from the U.S., while additional challenges are emerging from technological shifts and climate change

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781557753144
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    Series: IMF country report ; no. 21, 240
    Subjects: liability positions vis-à-vis nonresident; data ROSC update; ROSC mission; Policy discussion; climate change mitigation policy; Inflation; External sector statistics; Central bank policy rate; Government finance statistics; Global; International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 84 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Vietnam
    2020 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Vietnam
    Published: March 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Successful containment of COVID-19 and strong policy support have helped contain the health and economic fallout, and a strong recovery is underway. Growth in 2020 reached 2.9 percent, among the highest in the world. However, labor market conditions... more

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    Successful containment of COVID-19 and strong policy support have helped contain the health and economic fallout, and a strong recovery is underway. Growth in 2020 reached 2.9 percent, among the highest in the world. However, labor market conditions remain weak. Corporate balance sheets have worsened, potentially hampering private investment and job prospects. Banks entered the crisis in a stronger position than in previous years, but weaknesses remain. Vietnam's economy remains heavily reliant on external trade and is vulnerable to trade tensions

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781513570488
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    Series: IMF country reports ; 21, 42
    Subjects: ISCR; CR; accommodative monetary policy stance; U.S. dollar; th authorities; State budget; fiscal policy framework; CPI methodology; government financing data; External sector statistics; Global
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 96 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Costa Rica
    2021 Article IV consultation and request for an extended arrangement under the extended fund facility : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Costa Rica
    Published: March 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Costa Rica has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, notwithstanding the authorities' proactive policy response and the country's well-established universal healthcare system. The socio-economic impact has been significant, exacerbating an already... more

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    Costa Rica has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, notwithstanding the authorities' proactive policy response and the country's well-established universal healthcare system. The socio-economic impact has been significant, exacerbating an already fragile outlook and pre-existing imbalances, with a significant toll on economic activity and unemployment-especially among women and the young. The shock has further weakened the country's fiscal position, undermining the expected yields from the ambitious fiscal reform launched in late 2018, and generated a large financing gap. Financial support through the Fund's Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) in 2020 provided temporary relief to respond to the pandemic, including by catalyzing financial assistance from other official partners, but financing needs remain sizable over the medium term

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781513570921
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    Series: IMF country reports ; 21, 48
    Subjects: BCCR Law; Costa Rican authorities; reform agenda; EFF policy commitment; monetary policy stance; COVID-19; External sector statistics; Government finance statistics; Global; Central America
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 130 Seiten), Illustrationen