Skip to main navigation Skip to main content
info(at)avldigital.remove-this.de
Deutsch English
Last searches

Results for *

Displaying results 1 to 25 of 455.

  1. Colonial Odysseys
    Empire and Epic in the Modernist Novel
    Author: Adams, David
    Published: [2018]; © 2003
    Publisher:  Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY

    Works such as Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness and Lord Jim, Virginia Woolf's The Voyage Out, E. M. Forster's A Passage to India, and Evelyn Waugh's A Handful of Dust explore the relationship between Britain and its colonies when the British Empire... more

    Location:
    Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus - Senftenberg, Universitätsbibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Link to union catalogue:
    Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (KOBV)

     

    Works such as Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness and Lord Jim, Virginia Woolf's The Voyage Out, E. M. Forster's A Passage to India, and Evelyn Waugh's A Handful of Dust explore the relationship between Britain and its colonies when the British Empire was at its height. David Adams observes that, because of their structure and specific literary allusions, they also demand to be read in relation to the epic tradition. The elegantly written and powerfully argued Colonial Odysseys focuses on narratives published in English between 1890 and 1940 in which protagonists journey from the familiar world of Europe to alien colonial worlds. The underlying concerns of these narratives, Adams discovers, are often less political or literary than metaphysical: in each of these fictions a major character dies as a result of the journey, inviting reflection on the negation of existence. Repeatedly, imaginative encounters with distant, uncanny colonies produce familiar, insular presentations of life as an odyssey, with death as the home port. Expanding postcolonial and Marxist theories by drawing on the philosophy of Hans Blumenberg, Adams finds in this preoccupation with mortality a symptom of the failure of secular culture to give meaning to death. This concern, in his view, shapes the ways modernist narratives reinforce or critique imperial culture—the authors project onto British imperial experience their anxieties about the individual's relation to the absolute

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Content information
    Volltext (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781501720420
    Other identifier:
    Subjects: LITERARY CRITICISM / European / English, Irish, Scottish, Welsh; English fiction; Epic literature, English; Imperialism in literature; Modernism (Literature); Reise; Kolonialismus <Motiv>; Englisch; Reise <Motiv>; Roman
    Other subjects: Woolf, Virginia (1882-1941); Conrad, Joseph (1857-1924); Forster, E. M. (1879-1970)
    Scope: 1 online resource, 5 halftones
    Notes:

    Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 30. Apr 2019)
  2. Literature and encyclopedism in Enlightenment Britain
    the pursuit of complete knowledge
    Author: Rudy, Seth
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hampshire

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
    Signature:
    1 A 934565
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen
    Signature:
    a ang 523/380
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Signature:
    2015 A 1269
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Bibliothek - Niedersächsische Landesbibliothek
    Signature:
    2017/4582
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Klassik Stiftung Weimar / Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek
    Signature:
    271825 - A
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel
    Signature:
    64.3577
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    ISBN: 1137411538; 9781137411532
    RVK Categories: HK 1081 ; HK 1071
    Series: Palgrave studies in the Enlightenment, romanticism and the cultures of print
    Subjects: English literature; Knowledge, Theory of, in literature; Enlightenment; Epic literature, English; Encyclopedists; Encyclopedias and dictionaries; Learning and scholarship
    Scope: viii, 253 Seiten
    Notes:

    Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 224-241

    Introduction: concepts of completeness -- Complete bodies, whole arts, and the limits of epic -- Worlds apart: epic and encyclopedia in the Augustan age -- Mid-century experiments in encyclopedism -- Collapse and reconstitution: epic and encyclopedia revisited -- Coda: the angel and the algorithm -- Appendix.
  3. Responsive readings
    versions of echo in pastoral, epic, and the Jonsonian masque
    Author: Loewenstein, Joseph
    Published: [1984]; © 1984
    Publisher:  Yale University Press, New Haven

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
    Signature:
    649470
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen
    Signature:
    03.b.0415
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Signature:
    8 Z LIT 68:192
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Location:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Signature:
    LJ RF 8
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt / Zentrale
    Signature:
    85 A 8052
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
    Signature:
    A 1985/6409
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek
    Signature:
    85 A 1345
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, Zentralbibliothek
    Signature:
    P 1034-192
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Osnabrück
    Signature:
    4316-504 1
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel
    Signature:
    36.1487
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Dissertation
    Format: Print
    ISBN: 0300031564
    Series: Yale studies in English ; 192
    Subjects: English literature; Pastoral literature, English; Epic literature, English; Classicism; English literature; Echo (Greek mythology) in literature; Masques, English; Imitation in literature; Allusions in literature
    Other subjects: Jonson, Ben
    Scope: xi,191 Seiten, 1 Illustration
    Notes:

    Dissertation, Washington,
  4. Byron and Joyce through Homer
    'Don Juan' and 'Ulysses'
    Author: De Almeida, Hermione
    Published: 1981
    Publisher:  Columbia Univ.Pr., New York

    Location:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Signature:
    81 A 4802
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
    Signature:
    A 1982/9001
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Vechta
    Signature:
    196900
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    ISBN: 0231050925
    Subjects: Seduction in literature; Epic literature, English; English literature
    Other subjects: Byron, George Gordon Byron Baron (1788-1824): Don Juan; Juan Don (Legendary character); Odysseus King of Ithaca (Mythological character); Joyce, James (1882-1941): Ulysses; Homer; Homer; Homer; Homer: Odyssey
    Scope: X,233 S
    Notes:

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  5. Literature and encyclopedism in Enlightenment Britain
    the pursuit of complete knowledge
    Author: Rudy, Seth
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke [u.a.]

    Location:
    Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster
    Signature:
    3K 53585
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Paderborn
    Signature:
    DTD1870
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    ISBN: 9781137411532
    Series: Palgrave studies in the Enlightenment, romanticism and cultures of print
    Subjects: English literature; Knowledge, Theory of, in literature; Enlightenment; Epic literature, English; Encyclopedists; Encyclopedias and dictionaries; Learning and scholarship; Enzyklopädismus; Literatur
    Scope: VIII, 253 S., 23 cm
  6. Responsive readings
    versions of Echo in pastoral, epic, and the Jonsonian Masque
    Author: Loewenstein, Joseph
    Published: 1984
    Publisher:  Yale Univ. Pr., New Haven u.a.

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Bamberg
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hauptbibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Bayerische Staatsbibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Passau
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
  7. A disimprisoned epic
    form and vision in Carlyle's French Revolution
    Author: Cumming, Mark
    Published: 1988
    Publisher:  Univ. of Pennsylvania Pr., PHiladelphia

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Bamberg
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Bayerische Staatsbibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek der LMU München
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Content information
  8. Dryden's heroic drama
    Author: Kirsch, Arthur C.
    Published: 1972
    Publisher:  Gordian Press, New York

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Bamberg
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Bayreuth
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Eichstätt-Ingolstadt
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek der LMU München
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Passau
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    ISBN: 0877521360
    RVK Categories: HK 1975
    Edition: Repr., orig. publ. Princeton 1965
    Subjects: Epic literature, English; Heroic drama; Verse drama, English; Heroisches Drama
    Other subjects: Dryden, John <1631-1700>; Dryden, John (1631-1700)
    Scope: 157 S.
  9. Responsive readings
    versions of echo in pastoral, epic, and the Jonsonian masque
    Author: Loewenstein, Joseph
    Published: [1984]; © 1984
    Publisher:  Yale University Press, New Haven

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Dissertation
    Format: Print
    ISBN: 0300031564
    Other identifier:
    002446
    RVK Categories: HI 2555 ; EC 3520
    Series: Yale studies in English ; 192
    Subjects: English literature; Pastoral literature, English; Epic literature, English; Classicism; English literature; Echo (Greek mythology) in literature; Masques, English; Imitation in literature; Allusions in literature
    Other subjects: Jonson, Ben
    Scope: xi,191 Seiten, 1 Illustration
    Notes:

    Dissertation, Washington,
  10. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 177
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2016]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    The Amis and Amiloun tradition : Introduction ; Overviews and general studies ; Chivalry and Christianity in the Middle-English ; Amis and Amiloun ; Gender in the Amis and Amiloun tradition ; The influence of the Amis and Amiloun tradition ; Further... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    The Amis and Amiloun tradition : Introduction ; Overviews and general studies ; Chivalry and Christianity in the Middle-English ; Amis and Amiloun ; Gender in the Amis and Amiloun tradition ; The influence of the Amis and Amiloun tradition ; Further reading -- Pythagoras, c. 570 BC -? : Greek philosopher and mathematician -- Tertullian, c. 160-c. 240 : Roman theologian and apologist. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 475 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    "Produced in association with Layman Poupard Publishing."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  11. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 175
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2016]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Marcus Tullius Cicero, 143-106 BC : Entry devoted to the treatise De oratore (55 BC) -- Giraut de Bornelh, c. 1140-c. 1200 : French (Occitan) poet -- Solon, c. 630-c. 560 BC : Greek poet and statesman. Presents literary criticism on the works of... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Marcus Tullius Cicero, 143-106 BC : Entry devoted to the treatise De oratore (55 BC) -- Giraut de Bornelh, c. 1140-c. 1200 : French (Occitan) poet -- Solon, c. 630-c. 560 BC : Greek poet and statesman. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 476 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    "Produced in association with Layman Poupard Publishing."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  12. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 169
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2015]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Quintus Ennius, 239-169 BC : Roman poet -- Euripides, c. 484-406 BC : Entry devoted to the play Medea (431 BC) -- Martial, c. 40-c. 103 : Roman poet. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights,... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Quintus Ennius, 239-169 BC : Roman poet -- Euripides, c. 484-406 BC : Entry devoted to the play Medea (431 BC) -- Martial, c. 40-c. 103 : Roman poet. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 473 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  13. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 168
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: 2015
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Alcman, c. seventh century BC : Greek poet -- Athanasius, c. 295-373 : Greek theologian and biographer -- Origen, c. 185-c. 254 : Greek theologian. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights,... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Alcman, c. seventh century BC : Greek poet -- Athanasius, c. 295-373 : Greek theologian and biographer -- Origen, c. 185-c. 254 : Greek theologian. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 475 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  14. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 167
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: 2015
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Cassius Dio, 155/164?-c. 235 : Roman historian -- Stesichorus, 630?-555? BC : Greek poet -- Theocritus, fl. third century BC : Greek poet. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Cassius Dio, 155/164?-c. 235 : Roman historian -- Stesichorus, 630?-555? BC : Greek poet -- Theocritus, fl. third century BC : Greek poet. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 475 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  15. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 185
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2017]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Saint Augustine, 354-430 : Entry devoted to the autobiographical work Confessions (397-401) -- Liu Xie, c. 465-c. 523 : Chinese literary critic -- Parmenides, late sixth century-mid-fifth century BC : Greek philosopher and poet. Presents literary... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Saint Augustine, 354-430 : Entry devoted to the autobiographical work Confessions (397-401) -- Liu Xie, c. 465-c. 523 : Chinese literary critic -- Parmenides, late sixth century-mid-fifth century BC : Greek philosopher and poet. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 476 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    "Produced in association with Layman Poupard Publishing."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  16. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 184
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2017]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Harley lyrics : Entry devoted to the verse collection known as the Harley lyrics (1340-49) -- Mandeville's travels : Entry devoted to Mandeville's Travels (c. mid-fourteenth century) -- Sophocles, c. 496 BC-c. 406 BC : Entry devoted to the play... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Harley lyrics : Entry devoted to the verse collection known as the Harley lyrics (1340-49) -- Mandeville's travels : Entry devoted to Mandeville's Travels (c. mid-fourteenth century) -- Sophocles, c. 496 BC-c. 406 BC : Entry devoted to the play Oedipus the king (c. 425 BC). Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 480 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    "Produced in association with Layman Poupard Publishing."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  17. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 183
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2017]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    John Buridan, c. 1300-1361 : French logician and philosopher -- The song of Roland : Entry devoted to the anonymous medieval epic poem The song of Roland (c. twelfth century). Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    John Buridan, c. 1300-1361 : French logician and philosopher -- The song of Roland : Entry devoted to the anonymous medieval epic poem The song of Roland (c. twelfth century). Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 477 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    "Produced in association with Layman Poupard Publishing."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  18. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 181
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2017]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Boethius, c. 480-524 : Entry devoted to the philosophical treatise The consolation of philosophy (c. 524) -- Columella, fl. first century : Roman treatise writer -- Notker Labeo, c. 950-1022 : German translator, commentator, and treatise writer.... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Boethius, c. 480-524 : Entry devoted to the philosophical treatise The consolation of philosophy (c. 524) -- Columella, fl. first century : Roman treatise writer -- Notker Labeo, c. 950-1022 : German translator, commentator, and treatise writer. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 475 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    "Produced in association with Layman Poupard Publishing."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  19. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 180
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2017]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Ambrose, c. 339-397 : Roman theologian and orator -- Aristophanes, c. 446-c. 386 BC : Entry devoted to the play Birds (414 BC) -- Chretien de Troyes, c. 1140-after 1190 : Entry devoted to the romance Erec and Enide (c. 1170). Presents literary... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Ambrose, c. 339-397 : Roman theologian and orator -- Aristophanes, c. 446-c. 386 BC : Entry devoted to the play Birds (414 BC) -- Chretien de Troyes, c. 1140-after 1190 : Entry devoted to the romance Erec and Enide (c. 1170). Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 475 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    "Produced in association with Layman Poupard Publishing."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  20. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 173
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2015]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Julius Caesar, 100-44 BC : Roman historian, general, and dictator -- Penninc and Pieter Vostaert, fl. 13th century : Entry devoted to the poem Roman van Walewein (c. mid-thirteenth century) -- Ruodlieb : Entry devoted to the anonymous poem Ruodlieb... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Julius Caesar, 100-44 BC : Roman historian, general, and dictator -- Penninc and Pieter Vostaert, fl. 13th century : Entry devoted to the poem Roman van Walewein (c. mid-thirteenth century) -- Ruodlieb : Entry devoted to the anonymous poem Ruodlieb (c. 1050-75). Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 473 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    "Produced in association with Layman Poupard Publishing."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  21. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 171
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2015]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Empedocles, 493?-433? BC : Greek philosopher and poet -- Phaedrus, c. 18 BC-c. AD 50 : Roman poet and fabulist -- Flavius Philostratus, c. 170-244/49? : Greek biographer and philosopher. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Empedocles, 493?-433? BC : Greek philosopher and poet -- Phaedrus, c. 18 BC-c. AD 50 : Roman poet and fabulist -- Flavius Philostratus, c. 170-244/49? : Greek biographer and philosopher. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 474 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  22. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    Volume 170
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2015]
    Publisher:  Gale, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, Mich

    Quintus Ennius, 239-169 BC : Roman poet -- Euripides, c. 484-406 BC : Entry devoted to the play Medea (431 BC) -- Martial, c. 40-c. 103 : Roman poet. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights,... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Quintus Ennius, 239-169 BC : Roman poet -- Euripides, c. 484-406 BC : Entry devoted to the play Medea (431 BC) -- Martial, c. 40-c. 103 : Roman poet. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Medieval literature; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 473 pages)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    "Criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations."

    Includes bibliographical references and index
  23. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations ; Volume 154
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  Gale, Detroit, Mich

    Livy 64/59? BC-AD 12/17? : Roman historian -- Warfare and Chivalry in the Medieval Epic -- Zoroaster dates unknown : Ancient Iranian religious thinker and poet. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets,... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Livy 64/59? BC-AD 12/17? : Roman historian -- Warfare and Chivalry in the Medieval Epic -- Zoroaster dates unknown : Ancient Iranian religious thinker and poet. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 583 p)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    Includes bibliographical references and indexes
  24. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations ; Volume 152
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  Gale, Detroit, Mich

    Jacques de Vitry, 1160/1170?-1240 : French cleric, historian, biographer, and sermon writer -- Jean de Joinville, 1225?-1317 : French historian and biographer -- Matthew Paris, c. 1200-1259 : Entry devoted to the history Chronicles of Matthew Paris... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Jacques de Vitry, 1160/1170?-1240 : French cleric, historian, biographer, and sermon writer -- Jean de Joinville, 1225?-1317 : French historian and biographer -- Matthew Paris, c. 1200-1259 : Entry devoted to the history Chronicles of Matthew Paris (c. 1259). Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 579 p)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    Includes bibliographical references and indexes
  25. Classical and medieval literature criticism
    criticism of the works of world authors from classical antiquity through the fourteenth century, from the first appraisals to current evaluations ; Volume 151
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  Gale, Detroit, Mich

    Anna Comnena, 1083-c. 1153 : Byzantine biographer and historian -- Gonzalo de Berceo, c. 1190-c. 1260 : Spanish poet, biographer, and clergyman -- Brunetto Latini, 1220?-1294 : Italian poet, translator, critic, prose writer, and politician. Presents... more

    Access:
    Verlag (Array)

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Anna Comnena, 1083-c. 1153 : Byzantine biographer and historian -- Gonzalo de Berceo, c. 1190-c. 1260 : Spanish poet, biographer, and clergyman -- Brunetto Latini, 1220?-1294 : Italian poet, translator, critic, prose writer, and politician. Presents literary criticism on the works of classical and medieval philosophers, poets, playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians, and writers from other genres. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Contributor: Trudeau, Lawrence J. (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Gale Literature Resource Center
    Subjects: English literature; English literature; Literature; Poetry, Ancient; Poetry, Medieval; Drama, Medieval; Dramatists, Latin (Medieval and modern); Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; Literature, Medieval; European literature; Epic literature; Epic literature, English; Epic literature, European; Literature and myth; Sagas; Latin literature; Greek literature; Literature, Ancient; Classical literature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 585 p)
    Notes:

    "ISSN 0896-0011."

    Includes bibliographical references and indexes