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  1. The big business of small enterprises
    evaluation of the World Bank Group experience with targeted support to small, and medium-size enterprises, 2006 - 2012 ; [march 2014]
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  World Bank, Washington, DC

    The World Bank Group promotes small and medium-size enterprise (SME) growth through both systemic and targeted interventions. A critical challenge is to root the many activities now undertaken in this broad space in a clear understanding of the... more

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    The World Bank Group promotes small and medium-size enterprise (SME) growth through both systemic and targeted interventions. A critical challenge is to root the many activities now undertaken in this broad space in a clear understanding of the characteristics and dynamics of SMEs role in the broader economy; and their actual and potential contribution to jobs, growth, and shared prosperity. A closely related challenge is to formulate clear strategies that connect interventions to intended outcomes and are accompanied by solid measurement systems that provide evidence of results and allow learning. Targeting means focusing benefits on one size-class of firms to the exclusion of others. Targeted support for SMEs is a big business for the World Bank Group, averaging around $3 billion a year in commitments, expenditures, and gross exposure over the 2006-12 periods. In the context of broader reforms, targeted small and medium-size enterprise (TSME) support can be a powerful tool and, given the size of the recent program, it is vital for the World Bank Group to use it effectively. Targeting SMEs is not an end in itself, but a means to create economies that can employ more people and create more opportunity for citizens to achieve prosperity. A thriving and growing SME sector is associated with rapidly growing economies. IEG s review of the SIP suggests that although it has high relevance, it is of doubtful efficacy and efficiency. MIGA s regular portfolio of TSME projects performs worse than other financial sector guarantees, and there is no evidence to determine their impact on SMEs. The viability and sustainability of SMEs investments, whether through SIP or the wholesale approach, could not be ascertained because of the lack of information on results and performance

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
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    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781464803772
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/21191
    Subjects: KMU; Mittelstandspolitik; Welt; Entwicklungsländer; ACCESS TO CREDIT; ACCESS TO FINANCE; ACTIVE LABOR; ACTIVE LABOR MARKET; ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAM; ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS; ADJUSTMENT COSTS; BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT; CAPITAL LABOR RATIO; CAPITAL STOCK; CASUAL WORKER; CASUAL WORKERS; COBB-DOUGLAS PRODUCTION FUNCTION; CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE; COOP; CORPORATION; DEFLATORS; DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS; DISCRIMINATION; DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN; DIVIDENDS; EARNINGS; EARNINGS REGRESSIONS; ECONOMETRIC MODELS; ECONOMETRICS; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; ECONOMIC SURVEYS; ECONOMICS; EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT; EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND; EMPLOYEE; EMPLOYMENT HISTORY; EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES; EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; EXCESS DEMAND; EXCLUSION; EXPENDITURES; FARMER; FINANCIAL SUPPORT; FIRM GROWTH; FIRM SIZE; FUTURE RESEARCH; GENDER; GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM; HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT; HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS; HUMAN CAPITAL; INCOME; INNOVATION; INPUT PRICE; INTERNATIONAL BANK; INTERNATIONAL FINANCE; JOB CREATION; JOB OPPORTUNITIES; JOBS; LABOR DEMAND; LABOR FORCE; LABOR INTENSITY; LABOR MARKET; MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES; MICRO-ENTERPRISE; MICRO-ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT; MOTIVATION; OCCUPATION; ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE; OUTPUTS; OVERHEAD COST; PERMANENT WORKERS; PHYSICAL CAPITAL; PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS; PRODUCTION PROCESS; PRODUCTIVITY; PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH; RECEIPT; SELF EMPLOYED; SELF-EMPLOYMENT; SELF-EMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE; SKILLED PERSONNEL; SMALL FIRMS; SMALL-SCALE ENTERPRISES; SME; SME SUPPORT PROGRAMS; SUBSTITUTION EFFECTS; TOTAL COSTS; TRANSITION ECONOMIES; UNEMPLOYED; UNEMPLOYED WORKERS; UNEMPLOYMENT; UNEMPLOYMENT SPELL; UNSKILLED LABOR; VOCATIONAL EDUCATION; WAGES; WORKER; WORKERS
    Scope: Online-Ressource (XLIV, 214 S.), Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
  2. Heterogeneity in subjective wellbeing
    an application to occupational allocation in Africa
    Published: 2012
    Publisher:  World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth Team, Middle East and Northern Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist, Washington, DC

    Using an extraordinarily rich panel dataset from Ghana, this paper explores the nature of self-employment and informality in developing countries through the analysis of self-reported happiness with work and life. Subjective job satisfaction measures... more

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Inter-library loan:
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Using an extraordinarily rich panel dataset from Ghana, this paper explores the nature of self-employment and informality in developing countries through the analysis of self-reported happiness with work and life. Subjective job satisfaction measures allow assessment of the relative desirability of different jobs in ways that, conditional wage comparisons cannot. By exploiting recent advances in mixed (random parameter) ordered probit models, the distribution of subjective well-being across sectors of employment is quantified. There is little evidence for the overall inferiority of the small firm informal sector: there is not a robust average satisfaction premium for formal work vs. self-employment or informal salaried work, and owners of informal firms that employ others are on average significantly happier than workers in the formal private sector. Moreover, the estimated distribution of parameters predicting satisfaction reveal substantial heterogeneity in subjective well-being within sectors that conventional fixed parameter models, such as standard ordered probit models, cannot detect: Whatever the average satisfaction premium in a sector, all job categories contain both relatively happy and disgruntled workers. Specifically, roughly 67, 50, 40 and 59 percent prefer being a small-firm employer, sole proprietor, informal salaried, civic worker respectively, than formal work. Hence, there is a high degree of overlap in the distribution of satisfaction across sectors. The results are robust to the inclusion of fixed effects and alternate measures of satisfaction. Job characteristics, self-perceived autonomy and experimentally elicited measures of attitudes toward risk do not appear to explain these distributional patterns.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Content information
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/12074
    Series: Policy research working paper ; 6244
    Subjects: Zufriedenheit; Selbstständige; Informelle Wirtschaft; Berufswahl; Afrika; Ghana; ACCOUNTING; ATTRITION; AVERAGE WAGES; CLERICAL WORKERS; DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS; DISGUISED UNEMPLOYMENT; DRIVERS; EARNING; EARNINGS PROSPECTS; EMPLOYEE; EMPLOYMENT; EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES; EMPLOYMENT STATUS; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; ESTIMATED PARAMETERS; FIRING; FIRM SIZE; FORMAL SECTOR WAGE; FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS; HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS; HOUSEHOLD INCOME; HOUSEHOLD WEALTH; HUMAN CAPITAL; INFORMAL ECONOMY; INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT; INFORMAL LABOR MARKETS; INFORMAL SECTOR; JOB CHARACTERISTICS; JOB SATISFACTION; JOB STATUS; JOB TENURE; JOBS; LABOR COMPENSATION; LABOR DEMAND; LABOR ECONOMICS; LABOR FORCE; LABOR MARKET; LABOR MARKET EXPERIENCE; LABOR MARKET INDICATORS; LABOR MARKET PARTICIPANTS; LABOR MARKETS; LABORERS; LABOUR; LABOUR MARKET; MANUAL LABOR; OCCUPATION; PRESENT ANALYSIS; PREVIOUS RESULTS; PREVIOUS SECTION; PRIMARY CAUSE; PRIVATE SECTOR; PRODUCTIVITY; PROFESSIONS; PSE; PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES; PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS; PUBLIC SECTOR WORKERS; RETIREMENT; SALARIED EMPLOYMENT; SALARIED WORKERS; SELFEMPLOYMENT; SMALL BUSINESSES; TURNOVER; UNEMPLOYED; UNEMPLOYMENT; UNEMPLOYMENT RATES; UNPAID WORKERS; URBAN EMPLOYMENT; WAGE DIFFERENTIALS; WAGE EMPLOYMENT; WAGE PREMIUM; WORK IN PROGRESS; WORK SATISFACTION; WORKER; WORKERS; WORKING; WORKING HOURS; WORKPLACE
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 48 S., 3,5 MB), graph. Darst.
  3. Heterogeneity in subjective wellbeing
    an application to occupational allocation in Africa
    Published: 2012
    Publisher:  World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth Team, Middle East and Northern Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist, Washington, DC

    Using an extraordinarily rich panel dataset from Ghana, this paper explores the nature of self-employment and informality in developing countries through the analysis of self-reported happiness with work and life. Subjective job satisfaction measures... more

    Location:
    Orient-Institut Beirut
    Signature:
    Online
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Clausthal
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 2 (6244)
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    Using an extraordinarily rich panel dataset from Ghana, this paper explores the nature of self-employment and informality in developing countries through the analysis of self-reported happiness with work and life. Subjective job satisfaction measures allow assessment of the relative desirability of different jobs in ways that, conditional wage comparisons cannot. By exploiting recent advances in mixed (random parameter) ordered probit models, the distribution of subjective well-being across sectors of employment is quantified. There is little evidence for the overall inferiority of the small firm informal sector: there is not a robust average satisfaction premium for formal work vs. self-employment or informal salaried work, and owners of informal firms that employ others are on average significantly happier than workers in the formal private sector. Moreover, the estimated distribution of parameters predicting satisfaction reveal substantial heterogeneity in subjective well-being within sectors that conventional fixed parameter models, such as standard ordered probit models, cannot detect: Whatever the average satisfaction premium in a sector, all job categories contain both relatively happy and disgruntled workers. Specifically, roughly 67, 50, 40 and 59 percent prefer being a small-firm employer, sole proprietor, informal salaried, civic worker respectively, than formal work. Hence, there is a high degree of overlap in the distribution of satisfaction across sectors. The results are robust to the inclusion of fixed effects and alternate measures of satisfaction. Job characteristics, self-perceived autonomy and experimentally elicited measures of attitudes toward risk do not appear to explain these distributional patterns.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Content information
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/12074
    Series: Policy research working paper ; 6244
    Subjects: Zufriedenheit; Selbstständige; Informelle Wirtschaft; Berufswahl; Afrika; Ghana; ACCOUNTING; ATTRITION; AVERAGE WAGES; CLERICAL WORKERS; DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS; DISGUISED UNEMPLOYMENT; DRIVERS; EARNING; EARNINGS PROSPECTS; EMPLOYEE; EMPLOYMENT; EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES; EMPLOYMENT STATUS; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; ESTIMATED PARAMETERS; FIRING; FIRM SIZE; FORMAL SECTOR WAGE; FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS; HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS; HOUSEHOLD INCOME; HOUSEHOLD WEALTH; HUMAN CAPITAL; INFORMAL ECONOMY; INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT; INFORMAL LABOR MARKETS; INFORMAL SECTOR; JOB CHARACTERISTICS; JOB SATISFACTION; JOB STATUS; JOB TENURE; JOBS; LABOR COMPENSATION; LABOR DEMAND; LABOR ECONOMICS; LABOR FORCE; LABOR MARKET; LABOR MARKET EXPERIENCE; LABOR MARKET INDICATORS; LABOR MARKET PARTICIPANTS; LABOR MARKETS; LABORERS; LABOUR; LABOUR MARKET; MANUAL LABOR; OCCUPATION; PRESENT ANALYSIS; PREVIOUS RESULTS; PREVIOUS SECTION; PRIMARY CAUSE; PRIVATE SECTOR; PRODUCTIVITY; PROFESSIONS; PSE; PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES; PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS; PUBLIC SECTOR WORKERS; RETIREMENT; SALARIED EMPLOYMENT; SALARIED WORKERS; SELFEMPLOYMENT; SMALL BUSINESSES; TURNOVER; UNEMPLOYED; UNEMPLOYMENT; UNEMPLOYMENT RATES; UNPAID WORKERS; URBAN EMPLOYMENT; WAGE DIFFERENTIALS; WAGE EMPLOYMENT; WAGE PREMIUM; WORK IN PROGRESS; WORK SATISFACTION; WORKER; WORKERS; WORKING; WORKING HOURS; WORKPLACE
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 48 S., 3,5 MB), graph. Darst.
  4. The big business of small enterprises
    evaluation of the World Bank Group experience with targeted support to small, and medium-size enterprises, 2006 - 2012 ; [march 2014]
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  World Bank, Washington, DC

    The World Bank Group promotes small and medium-size enterprise (SME) growth through both systemic and targeted interventions. A critical challenge is to root the many activities now undertaken in this broad space in a clear understanding of the... more

    Location:
    Orient-Institut Beirut
    Signature:
    Online
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Universitätsbibliothek Clausthal
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VSM
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    The World Bank Group promotes small and medium-size enterprise (SME) growth through both systemic and targeted interventions. A critical challenge is to root the many activities now undertaken in this broad space in a clear understanding of the characteristics and dynamics of SMEs role in the broader economy; and their actual and potential contribution to jobs, growth, and shared prosperity. A closely related challenge is to formulate clear strategies that connect interventions to intended outcomes and are accompanied by solid measurement systems that provide evidence of results and allow learning. Targeting means focusing benefits on one size-class of firms to the exclusion of others. Targeted support for SMEs is a big business for the World Bank Group, averaging around $3 billion a year in commitments, expenditures, and gross exposure over the 2006-12 periods. In the context of broader reforms, targeted small and medium-size enterprise (TSME) support can be a powerful tool and, given the size of the recent program, it is vital for the World Bank Group to use it effectively. Targeting SMEs is not an end in itself, but a means to create economies that can employ more people and create more opportunity for citizens to achieve prosperity. A thriving and growing SME sector is associated with rapidly growing economies. IEG s review of the SIP suggests that although it has high relevance, it is of doubtful efficacy and efficiency. MIGA s regular portfolio of TSME projects performs worse than other financial sector guarantees, and there is no evidence to determine their impact on SMEs. The viability and sustainability of SMEs investments, whether through SIP or the wholesale approach, could not be ascertained because of the lack of information on results and performance

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Content information
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781464803772
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10986/21191
    Subjects: KMU; Mittelstandspolitik; Welt; Entwicklungsländer; ACCESS TO CREDIT; ACCESS TO FINANCE; ACTIVE LABOR; ACTIVE LABOR MARKET; ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAM; ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS; ADJUSTMENT COSTS; BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT; CAPITAL LABOR RATIO; CAPITAL STOCK; CASUAL WORKER; CASUAL WORKERS; COBB-DOUGLAS PRODUCTION FUNCTION; CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE; COOP; CORPORATION; DEFLATORS; DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS; DISCRIMINATION; DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN; DIVIDENDS; EARNINGS; EARNINGS REGRESSIONS; ECONOMETRIC MODELS; ECONOMETRICS; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; ECONOMIC SURVEYS; ECONOMICS; EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT; EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND; EMPLOYEE; EMPLOYMENT HISTORY; EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES; EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; EXCESS DEMAND; EXCLUSION; EXPENDITURES; FARMER; FINANCIAL SUPPORT; FIRM GROWTH; FIRM SIZE; FUTURE RESEARCH; GENDER; GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM; HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT; HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS; HUMAN CAPITAL; INCOME; INNOVATION; INPUT PRICE; INTERNATIONAL BANK; INTERNATIONAL FINANCE; JOB CREATION; JOB OPPORTUNITIES; JOBS; LABOR DEMAND; LABOR FORCE; LABOR INTENSITY; LABOR MARKET; MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES; MICRO-ENTERPRISE; MICRO-ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT; MOTIVATION; OCCUPATION; ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE; OUTPUTS; OVERHEAD COST; PERMANENT WORKERS; PHYSICAL CAPITAL; PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS; PRODUCTION PROCESS; PRODUCTIVITY; PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH; RECEIPT; SELF EMPLOYED; SELF-EMPLOYMENT; SELF-EMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE; SKILLED PERSONNEL; SMALL FIRMS; SMALL-SCALE ENTERPRISES; SME; SME SUPPORT PROGRAMS; SUBSTITUTION EFFECTS; TOTAL COSTS; TRANSITION ECONOMIES; UNEMPLOYED; UNEMPLOYED WORKERS; UNEMPLOYMENT; UNEMPLOYMENT SPELL; UNSKILLED LABOR; VOCATIONAL EDUCATION; WAGES; WORKER; WORKERS
    Scope: Online-Ressource (XLIV, 214 S.), Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.