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  1. Communities of Care
    The Social Ethics of Victorian Fiction
    Author: Schaffer, Talia
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

    Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Care Communities Today -- Chapter 1 Ethics of Care and the Care Community -- chapter 2 Austen, Dickens, and Brontë: Bodies before the Normate -- chapter 3 Global Migrant Care and... more

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    Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Care Communities Today -- Chapter 1 Ethics of Care and the Care Community -- chapter 2 Austen, Dickens, and Brontë: Bodies before the Normate -- chapter 3 Global Migrant Care and Emotional Labor in Villette -- chapter 4 Beyond Sympathy: The State of Care in Daniel Deronda -- chapter 5 Care Meets the Silent Treatment in The Wings of the Dove -- chapter 6 Composite Fiction and the Care Community in The Heir of Redclyffe -- Epilogue: Critical Care -- Notes -- Works Cited -- Index What we can learn about caregiving and community from the Victorian novelIn Communities of Care, Talia Schaffer explores Victorian fictional representations of care communities, small voluntary groups that coalesce around someone in need. Drawing lessons from Victorian sociality, Schaffer proposes a theory of communal care and a mode of critical reading centered on an ethics of care.In the Victorian era, medical science offered little hope for cure of illness or disability, and chronic invalidism and lengthy convalescences were common. Small communities might gather around afflicted individuals to minister to their needs and palliate their suffering. Communities of Care examines these groups in the novels of Jane Austen, Charlotte Brontë, Charles Dickens, George Eliot, Henry James, and Charlotte Yonge, and studies the relationships that they exemplify. How do carers become part of the community? How do they negotiate status? How do caring emotions develop? And what does it mean to think of care as an activity rather than a feeling? Contrasting the Victorian emphasis on community and social structure with modern individualism and interiority, Schaffer’s sympathetic readings draw us closer to the worldview from which these novels emerged. Schaffer also considers the ways in which these models of carework could inform and improve practice in criticism, in teaching, and in our daily lives.Through the lens of care, Schaffer discovers a vital form of communal relationship in the Victorian novel. Communities of Care also demonstrates that literary criticism done well is the best care that scholars can give to texts

     
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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780691226514
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    Subjects: Care of the sick in literature; English fiction; LITERARY CRITICISM / European / English, Irish, Scottish, Welsh
    Other subjects: Academic writing; Alterity; Anne Elliot; Anthony Trollope; Aunt; Author; Awareness; Bildungsroman; Caregiver; Case study; Character (arts); Child care; Clam chowder; Classroom; Communitarianism; Community service; Copyright; Criticism; Daniel Deronda; Disability; Disease; Dombey and Son; Ebenezer Scrooge; Egalitarianism; Emotional labor; Employment; Enmeshment; Esther Summerson; Ethicist; Ethics of care; Ethics; Extended family; Generosity; Genre; George Eliot; Governess; Guy Mannering; Household; Indication (medicine); Individualism; Institution; Intertextuality; Jane Austen; Jane Eyre; Kinship; Literary criticism; Literature; Little Dorrit; Manifesto; Maternalism; Mentorship; Minor Characters; Modernity; Morality; Mourning; Mrs; Narrative; Nel Noddings; Newspaper; Novelist; Nursing; Oppression; Parenting; Performativity; Personal network; Personhood; Persuasion (novel); Pickup truck; Poetry; Political philosophy; Postmodernism; Princeton University Press; Public sphere; Racism; Ray Pahl; Requirement; Restorative justice; Rhetoric; Romanticism; Sanditon; Sensibility; Sentimentality; Sibling; Social relation; Spouse; Subjectivity; Suffering; Sympathy; The Heir of Redclyffe; The Wings of the Dove; Theft; Theory; Tiny Tim (A Christmas Carol); Tuberculosis; Victorian era; Victorian literature; Villette (novel); Workhouse; Writer; Writing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p)
  2. Field Guide to North American Flycatchers
    Empidonax and Pewees
    Author: Lee, Cin-Ty; Birch, Andrew
    Published: [2023]; ©2023
    Publisher:  Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780691244327
    Other identifier:
    Subjects: Bird watching; Flycatchers; NATURE / Birdwatching Guides
    Other subjects: Acadian flycatcher; Acadians; Air travel; Alder flycatcher; Amplitude; Awareness; Bird migration; Birdwatching; Boreal forest of Canada; British Library; Canada East; Caribbean; Central America; Contour line; Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Covert feather; Cuban pewee; Cycling; Database; Diagram; Eastern United States; Eastern Washington; Eastern phoebe; Edition (book); Editorial; Eeyore; Empidonax; Environmental organization; Environmental protection; Environmentalism; Environmentalist; Field guide; Flight feather; Flycatcher; Forehead; Frequency band; Greater pewee; Hammond's flycatcher; Here We Go Round the Mulberry Bush; High frequency; Household; Illustration; Income; Indigo bunting; Insect; Insectivore; Land transport; Lars Jonsson (illustrator); Least flycatcher; Lighting; Loudness; Macaulay Library; Mandible; Mangrove; Moulting; Mountain States; Mountain range; North America; Northeastern United States; Northern South America; Olive-sided flycatcher; Pacific-slope flycatcher; Pewee; Pine flycatcher; Pinophyta; Pinus ponderosa; Plumage; Princeton University Press; Progressivism; Proportion (architecture); Quantity; Recycling; Rice University; Santa Rita Mountains; Shrubland; Sierra Club; Snag (ecology); Social status; Sound recording and reproduction; South America; Southern Arizona; Southern California; Southern United States; Southwestern United States; Species complex; Spectrogram; Tourism; Transverse Ranges; Tyrant flycatcher; Vermilion flycatcher; Warbler; Waste management; West Coast of the United States; West Texas; Western United States; Willow flycatcher; Winnie-the-Pooh; Woodland edge; Xeno-canto; Yellow-bellied flycatcher
    Scope: 1 online resource (168 p.), 55 color + b/w illus. 19 maps. 53 spectrograms
  3. Communities of Care
    The Social Ethics of Victorian Fiction
    Author: Schaffer, Talia
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

    Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Care Communities Today -- Chapter 1 Ethics of Care and the Care Community -- chapter 2 Austen, Dickens, and Brontë: Bodies before the Normate -- chapter 3 Global Migrant Care and... more

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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Care Communities Today -- Chapter 1 Ethics of Care and the Care Community -- chapter 2 Austen, Dickens, and Brontë: Bodies before the Normate -- chapter 3 Global Migrant Care and Emotional Labor in Villette -- chapter 4 Beyond Sympathy: The State of Care in Daniel Deronda -- chapter 5 Care Meets the Silent Treatment in The Wings of the Dove -- chapter 6 Composite Fiction and the Care Community in The Heir of Redclyffe -- Epilogue: Critical Care -- Notes -- Works Cited -- Index What we can learn about caregiving and community from the Victorian novelIn Communities of Care, Talia Schaffer explores Victorian fictional representations of care communities, small voluntary groups that coalesce around someone in need. Drawing lessons from Victorian sociality, Schaffer proposes a theory of communal care and a mode of critical reading centered on an ethics of care.In the Victorian era, medical science offered little hope for cure of illness or disability, and chronic invalidism and lengthy convalescences were common. Small communities might gather around afflicted individuals to minister to their needs and palliate their suffering. Communities of Care examines these groups in the novels of Jane Austen, Charlotte Brontë, Charles Dickens, George Eliot, Henry James, and Charlotte Yonge, and studies the relationships that they exemplify. How do carers become part of the community? How do they negotiate status? How do caring emotions develop? And what does it mean to think of care as an activity rather than a feeling? Contrasting the Victorian emphasis on community and social structure with modern individualism and interiority, Schaffer’s sympathetic readings draw us closer to the worldview from which these novels emerged. Schaffer also considers the ways in which these models of carework could inform and improve practice in criticism, in teaching, and in our daily lives.Through the lens of care, Schaffer discovers a vital form of communal relationship in the Victorian novel. Communities of Care also demonstrates that literary criticism done well is the best care that scholars can give to texts

     
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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780691226514
    Other identifier:
    Subjects: Care of the sick in literature; English fiction; LITERARY CRITICISM / European / English, Irish, Scottish, Welsh
    Other subjects: Academic writing; Alterity; Anne Elliot; Anthony Trollope; Aunt; Author; Awareness; Bildungsroman; Caregiver; Case study; Character (arts); Child care; Clam chowder; Classroom; Communitarianism; Community service; Copyright; Criticism; Daniel Deronda; Disability; Disease; Dombey and Son; Ebenezer Scrooge; Egalitarianism; Emotional labor; Employment; Enmeshment; Esther Summerson; Ethicist; Ethics of care; Ethics; Extended family; Generosity; Genre; George Eliot; Governess; Guy Mannering; Household; Indication (medicine); Individualism; Institution; Intertextuality; Jane Austen; Jane Eyre; Kinship; Literary criticism; Literature; Little Dorrit; Manifesto; Maternalism; Mentorship; Minor Characters; Modernity; Morality; Mourning; Mrs; Narrative; Nel Noddings; Newspaper; Novelist; Nursing; Oppression; Parenting; Performativity; Personal network; Personhood; Persuasion (novel); Pickup truck; Poetry; Political philosophy; Postmodernism; Princeton University Press; Public sphere; Racism; Ray Pahl; Requirement; Restorative justice; Rhetoric; Romanticism; Sanditon; Sensibility; Sentimentality; Sibling; Social relation; Spouse; Subjectivity; Suffering; Sympathy; The Heir of Redclyffe; The Wings of the Dove; Theft; Theory; Tiny Tim (A Christmas Carol); Tuberculosis; Victorian era; Victorian literature; Villette (novel); Workhouse; Writer; Writing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p)
  4. Unbehaust wohnen
    konflikthafte Räume in Kunst - Architektur - visueller Kultur
    Contributor: Nierhaus, Irene (HerausgeberIn); Heinz, Kathrin (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  transcript, Bielefeld

    Zerstörtes Wohnen in kriegerischen Konflikten, verlorenes Wohnen in Migrationen, temporäres Wohnen in Obdach- und Wohnungslosigkeit, prekäres Wohnen in ökonomischer, emotionaler und körperlicher Unversorgtheit, ängstliches Wohnen in Subjektkrisen:... more

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    Zerstörtes Wohnen in kriegerischen Konflikten, verlorenes Wohnen in Migrationen, temporäres Wohnen in Obdach- und Wohnungslosigkeit, prekäres Wohnen in ökonomischer, emotionaler und körperlicher Unversorgtheit, ängstliches Wohnen in Subjektkrisen: Zum Wohnen - gedacht als Existenz und Heim(at) - gehört immer auch ein unbehaustes Wohnen. Denn dies schließt von den großen Verheerungen bis zu heimlichen und diskreten Schrecknissen das Konflikthafte im Behausten ein und demoliert es zugleich. Die Beiträger*innen thematisieren verschiedene Ebenen des Unbehausten aus kunst- und kulturwissenschaftlicher, philosophischer, historischer, ethnographischer, architekturtheoretischer, psychiatrischer sowie künstlerischer Perspektive.

     
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  5. Field Guide to North American Flycatchers
    Empidonax and Pewees
    Author: Lee, Cin-Ty; Birch, Andrew
    Published: 2023; ©2023
    Publisher:  Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

    A richly illustrated, portable field guide to flycatcher identificationThe identification of Empidonax flycatchers and pewees can be a daunting challenge for even the most seasoned birder. Field Guide to North American Flycatchers takes bird... more

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    Bibliotheks-und Informationssystem der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg (BIS)
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    A richly illustrated, portable field guide to flycatcher identificationThe identification of Empidonax flycatchers and pewees can be a daunting challenge for even the most seasoned birder. Field Guide to North American Flycatchers takes bird identification to an entirely new level by training readers to observe subtle differences in structure, color patterns, and vocalizations before delving into the finer details of a particular species. Because the plumages of flycatchers are so similar, this one-of-a-kind guide uses illustrations that highlight slight variances among species that photos often miss. One of the last frontiers of bird identification is now accessible to everyone—once one knows what to look for.Uses a holistic approach that makes flycatcher identification possible even for beginnersFeatures a wealth of beautiful illustrations that depict every species in North AmericaShows how to observe subtle differences in structure, plumage contrasts, and vocalizations, which together create a distinctive overall impression of the birdIncludes detailed audio spectrograms and seasonal distribution maps for each speciesShares invaluable tips for successful identification in all kinds of field settingsIts compact size and field-friendly layout make it the ideal travel companion for any birder

     
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    Cover (lizenzpflichtig)
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780691244327
    Other identifier:
    Subjects: Bird watching; Flycatchers; NATURE / Birdwatching Guides
    Other subjects: Acadian flycatcher; Acadians; Air travel; Alder flycatcher; Amplitude; Awareness; Bird migration; Birdwatching; Boreal forest of Canada; British Library; Canada East; Caribbean; Central America; Contour line; Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Covert feather; Cuban pewee; Cycling; Database; Diagram; Eastern United States; Eastern Washington; Eastern phoebe; Edition (book); Editorial; Eeyore; Empidonax; Environmental organization; Environmental protection; Environmentalism; Environmentalist; Field guide; Flight feather; Flycatcher; Forehead; Frequency band; Greater pewee; Hammond's flycatcher; Here We Go Round the Mulberry Bush; High frequency; Household; Illustration; Income; Indigo bunting; Insect; Insectivore; Land transport; Lars Jonsson (illustrator); Least flycatcher; Lighting; Loudness; Macaulay Library; Mandible; Mangrove; Moulting; Mountain States; Mountain range; North America; Northeastern United States; Northern South America; Olive-sided flycatcher; Pacific-slope flycatcher; Pewee; Pine flycatcher; Pinophyta; Pinus ponderosa; Plumage; Princeton University Press; Progressivism; Proportion (architecture); Quantity; Recycling; Rice University; Santa Rita Mountains; Shrubland; Sierra Club; Snag (ecology); Social status; Sound recording and reproduction; South America; Southern Arizona; Southern California; Southern United States; Southwestern United States; Species complex; Spectrogram; Tourism; Transverse Ranges; Tyrant flycatcher; Vermilion flycatcher; Warbler; Waste management; West Coast of the United States; West Texas; Western United States; Willow flycatcher; Winnie-the-Pooh; Woodland edge; Xeno-canto; Yellow-bellied flycatcher
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.), 55 color + b/w illus. 19 maps. 53 spectrograms
  6. Tax Design, Information, and Elasticities
    Evidence From the French Wealth Tax
    Author: Garbinti, Bertrand; Goupille-Lebret, Jonathan; Muñoz, Mathilde; Stantcheva, Stefanie; Zucman, Gabriel
    Published: June 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We study a French wealth tax reform that starkly reduced the information some taxpayers must report to the tax authority. Using a new dynamic bunching approach we estimate the average response to the reform, the share of compliers, and the local... more

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    We study a French wealth tax reform that starkly reduced the information some taxpayers must report to the tax authority. Using a new dynamic bunching approach we estimate the average response to the reform, the share of compliers, and the local average treatment effect. The annual wealth growth rate of treated taxpayers falls by 0.5 percentage points after the reform. This decline is likely due to increased evasion, as suggested by the sharp responses in self-reported wealth but not in third-party-reported incomes. The wealth tax base becomes more elastic post reform, illustrating the key role of information policy choices for tax base elasticities

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31333
    Subjects: Vermögensteuer; Elastizität; Steuerreform; Steuerwirkung; Steuervermeidung; Frankreich; Tax Evasion and Avoidance; Household
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  7. House Prices and Rents in the 21st Century
    Author: Loewenstein, Lara; Willen, Paul
    Published: March 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We study the joint evolution of prices and rents of residential property. After constructing rent and price indices for renter- and owner-occupied properties, we decompose the change in the price of occupant-owned property into (1) changes in rent,... more

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    We study the joint evolution of prices and rents of residential property. After constructing rent and price indices for renter- and owner-occupied properties, we decompose the change in the price of occupant-owned property into (1) changes in rent, (2) changes in the relative prices of investor- and occupant-owned properties, and (3) changes in the price-rent ratio. Via a simple model, we link our decomposition to different sources of variation in house prices. We argue that while the 2000s boom was plausibly driven by exuberant expectations, the boom of the 2020s more likely resulted from a preference shock

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31013
    Subjects: Wohnimmobilien; Immobilienmarkt; Miete; Immobilienpreis; Spekulationsblase; USA; General; Business Fluctuations; Cycles; Household; General; Housing Supply and Markets
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  8. Capital Gains Realizations
    Author: Hines, James R.; Schaffa, Daniel
    Published: March 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    Evidence that high tax rates significantly depress capital gains realizations is inconsistent with the implications of neoclassical investment models in unchanging economic environments. Higher tax rates reduce after-tax investment returns, thereby... more

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    Evidence that high tax rates significantly depress capital gains realizations is inconsistent with the implications of neoclassical investment models in unchanging economic environments. Higher tax rates reduce after-tax investment returns, thereby encouraging investors to sell capital assets earlier. For a given investment horizon, higher tax rates need not reward accumulating unrealized gains over long periods - and even if they do, longer accumulations can lead to earlier realizations. Consequently, the sizeable observed effects of capital gains taxes likely reflect investor anticipations of future tax rate changes, rather than the time value of money

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31059
    Subjects: Wertzuwachssteuer; Anlageverhalten; Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions; Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies; Household
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  9. Non-standard preferences in asset pricing and household finance
    Author: Goossens, Jorgo
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Tilburg University, Tilburg

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    Media type: Dissertation
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    ISBN: 9789056687007
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    Series: [Dissertation series] / [Center for Economic Research, Tilburg University] ; [nr. 698 (2023)]
    Subjects: Household Finance; Asset Pricing; Asset Prices; Risk Preferences; Annuitization; Present Bias; Trading Behavior; Time Preference; Micro Data; Time-Varying; Financial Markets; Household
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 265 Seiten), Illustrationen
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    Dissertation, Tilburg University, 2023
  10. Paying Moms to Stay Home
    Short and Long Run Effects on Parents and Children
    Author: Gruber, Jonathan; Kosonen, Tuomas; Huttunen, Kristiina
    Published: February 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We study the impacts of a policy designed to reward mothers who stay at home rather than join the labor force when their children are under age three. We use regional and over time variation to show that the Finnish Home Care Allowance (HCA)... more

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    We study the impacts of a policy designed to reward mothers who stay at home rather than join the labor force when their children are under age three. We use regional and over time variation to show that the Finnish Home Care Allowance (HCA) decreases maternal employment in both the short and long term. The effects are large enough for the existence of home care benefit system to explain the higher short-term child penalty in Finland than comparable nations. Home care benefits also negatively affect the early childhood cognitive test results of children, decrease the likelihood of choosing academic high school, and increase youth crimes. We confirm that the mechanism of action is changing work/home care arrangements by studying a day care fee reform that had the opposite effect of raising incentives to work - with corresponding opposite effects on mothers and children compared to HCA. Our findings suggest that shifting child care from the home to the market increases labor force participation and improves child outcomes

     
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w30931
    Subjects: Kinderbetreuung; Hausarbeit; Familienleistungsausgleich; Wirkungsanalyse; Weibliche Arbeitskräfte; Soziale Lage; Mütter; Kinder; Finnland; Household; Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
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  11. Unconditional Cash Transfers for Families with Children in the U.S
    A Scoping Review
    Author: Shah, Hema; Gennetian, Lisa A.
    Published: February 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    Children represent the largest indirect beneficiaries of the U.S. social welfare system. Yet, many questions remain about the direct benefits of cash aid to children. The current understanding of the impacts of cash aid in the U.S. is drawn primarily... more

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    Children represent the largest indirect beneficiaries of the U.S. social welfare system. Yet, many questions remain about the direct benefits of cash aid to children. The current understanding of the impacts of cash aid in the U.S. is drawn primarily from studies of in-kind benefits, tax credits, and conditional cash aid programs. A corresponding economics literature focuses on the labor supply responses of parents and the role of income, parenting skills, and early education as family investment mechanisms that reduce socioeconomic inequality in children's well-being. In contrast to the U.S., dozens of low- to middle-income nations use direct cash aid--conditional or unconditional--as a central policy strategy, with demonstrated positive effects across a host of economic and health measures and selected aspects of children's health and schooling. This paper reviews the economic research on U.S. safety net programs and cash aid to families with children and what existing studies reveal about its impacts on family investment mechanisms and children's outcomes. We specifically highlight gaps in understanding the impacts of unconditional cash aid on children. We then review nine contemporary unconditional cash transfer programs and discuss their promise and limitations in filling the U.S.-based economic evidence gap about the impact of cash aid on children's development

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w30965
    Subjects: Familienleistungsausgleich; Wirkungsanalyse; Soziale Lage; Kinder; USA; Household; Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs; State and Local Government: Health; Education; Welfare; Public Pensions; Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty; Government Policy; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs; Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth; Public Policy
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  12. Compensation to Israeli holocaust survivors and the human capital of their children
    Author: Tsur, Shay
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Research Department, Bank of Israel, Jerusalem, Israel

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    Series: Discussion paper / Bank of Israel Research Department ; 2022, 05 (January 2022)
    Subjects: Household; Human Capital; Children; Holocaust
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Fiscal Federalism and the Role of the Income Tax
    Author: Gordon, Roger H.
    Published: October 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    This paper rethinks the design of the income tax by assuming that the objective of the tax is not to redistribute from rich to poor but instead to provide some insurance to individuals against the uncertainties they face in their future earnings, a... more

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    This paper rethinks the design of the income tax by assuming that the objective of the tax is not to redistribute from rich to poor but instead to provide some insurance to individuals against the uncertainties they face in their future earnings, a motivation for the tax proposed in Buchanan (1976). The income tax provides insurance by collecting money on net from individuals to the extent they end up doing well to finance net transfers to them when they end up doing badly. Individuals differ in the amount of future risks they face. These heterogeneous tastes for insurance provide a rationale for states to offer heterogeneous tax/transfer programs, each state attracting a different clientele in the population. Given the ease of household migration, state tax policies generate fiscal externalities to other states. The paper explores as well possible Federal interventions to improve on the equilibrium choices states make for their tax policies

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31755
    Subjects: Einkommensteuer; Optimale Besteuerung; Finanzbeziehungen; Umverteilung; Efficiency; Optimal Taxation; Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies; Household; State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
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  14. Is There Really an Inflation Tax? Not For the Middle Class and the Ultra-Wealthy
    Author: Wolff, Edward N.
    Published: October 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    One hallmark of U.S. monetary policy since the early 1980s has been moderation in inflation (at least, until recently). How has this affected household well-being? The paper first develops a new model to address this issue. The inflation tax on... more

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    One hallmark of U.S. monetary policy since the early 1980s has been moderation in inflation (at least, until recently). How has this affected household well-being? The paper first develops a new model to address this issue. The inflation tax on income is defined as the difference between the nominal and real growth in income. This term is always negative (as long as inflation is positive). The inflation gain on household wealth is the revaluation resulting from asset price changes directly linked to inflation. This term can be positive or negative. The net inflation gain is the difference between the two, which can also be positive or negative. The empirical analysis covers years 1983 to 2019 on the basis of the Federal Reserve Board's Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) and historical inflation rates. It also looks at the sensitivity of the results to alternative inflation rates, and considers the effects of inflation on real wealth growth, wealth inequality, and the racial wealth gap. The results show that inflation boosted the real income of the middle wealth quintile by a staggering two thirds. In contrast, the bottom two wealth quintiles got clobbered by inflation, losing almost half of their real income. Inflation also boosted mean and especially median real wealth growth, reduced wealth inequality, and lowered the racial and ethnic wealth gap. Both the income and wealth results are magnified at higher (simulated) rates of inflation

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31775
    Subjects: Inflation; Geldpolitik; Privater Haushalt; Haushaltseinkommen; Privatvermögen; Vermögensverteilung; Verbraucherpreisindex; Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions; Household; Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
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  15. The Luxembourg household finance and consumption survey
    results from the fourth wave in 2021
    Author: Mathä, Thomas; Pulina, Giuseppe; Montes-Viñas, Ana; Ziegelmeyer, Michael
    Published: November 2023
    Publisher:  Banque centrale du Luxembourg, Luxembourg

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    Series: Working paper / Banque centrale du Luxembourg ; no 176
    Subjects: Household; survey; wealth; income; assets; debts; COVID-19
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 134 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. The Outlook for Women's Employment and Labor Force Participation
    Author: Albanesi, Stefania
    Published: November 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    Employment and participation rates for US prime age women rose steadily during the second half of the 20th century. In the last 30 years, however, those rates stagnated, even as employment and participation rates for women in other industrialized... more

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    Employment and participation rates for US prime age women rose steadily during the second half of the 20th century. In the last 30 years, however, those rates stagnated, even as employment and participation rates for women in other industrialized countries continued to rise. I discuss the role of changes in the earnings structure and persistent institutional barriers, such as limited investment in family policies, that may be holding back employment among American women today. The COVID-19 pandemic reduced employment more for women than for men and raised the barriers to female participation due to the increase in childcare responsibilities during this period. Yet, the diffusion of remote and hybrid work arrangements in its aftermath may be beneficial for women's participation in the long run, even if both men's and women's post-pandemic employment growth so far are strongly associated with access to remote work options

     
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  17. How Much Are the Poor Losing From Tax Competition?
    Author: Muñoz, Mathilde
    Published: November 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    This paper quantifies the unequal welfare effects of tax competition. I derive the optimal tax and transfer schedules in a free mobility union composed of countries that can either compete or set a uniform federal tax rate. In the absence of fiscal... more

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    This paper quantifies the unequal welfare effects of tax competition. I derive the optimal tax and transfer schedules in a free mobility union composed of countries that can either compete or set a uniform federal tax rate. In the absence of fiscal coordination, governments internalize that any decentralized tax reform can lead to the out-migration of taxpayers at the top of the income distribution while increasing the in-migration of transfer recipients. As a result, the optimal level of redistribution is always lower in the tax competition equilibrium. Numerical calibrations show that being in a competition union rather than in a federal union decreases poorer individuals' welfare by up to -20 percent. In contrast, the rich experience higher welfare in the tax competition equilibrium due to lower tax rates

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31920
    Subjects: Steuerwettbewerb; Föderalismus; Steuerreform; Steuerpolitik; Verteilungswirkung; Wohlfahrtsanalyse; USA; Household; Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects
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  18. A City Is Not a Computer
    Other Urban Intelligences
    Author: Mattern, Shannon
    Published: [2021]; ©2021
    Publisher:  Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780691226750
    Other identifier:
    Series: Places Books ; 2
    Subjects: City planning; Smart cities; Sociology, Urban; ARCHITECTURE / Urban & Land Use Planning
    Other subjects: Accessibility; Advertising; American Forests; Archivist; Bloomberg Terminal; CARTO; Career; Civic engagement; Climate change; Collaboration; Colonialism; CompStat; Computation; Computer scientist; Consideration; Conspiracy theory; Control engineering; Control room; Copyright; Critical practice; Cultural heritage; Data set; Database; Decision tree; Decision-making; Design tool; Designer; Digital humanities; Ecosystem; Emerging technologies; Entrepreneurship; Environmental justice; Epistemology; Eric Klinenberg; Funding; Generative Design; Geographer; Governance; Hardware store; Household; Ideology; Illustration; Information literacy; Information management; Information science; Infrastructure; Institution; Knowledge economy; Laundry; Librarian; Librarians; Library; Literature; Machine learning; Measurement; Mierle Laderman Ukeles; Movement for Black Lives; Obsolescence; Operating system; Operationalization; Oslo School of Architecture and Design; Park; Pedagogy; Philosopher; Police; Politics; Pollution; Princeton University Press; Processing (programming language); Public Knowledge; Public infrastructure; Public library; Publishing; Push-button; Racism; Real estate development; Reproductive labor; Restorative justice; Scaffolding; Sidewalk Labs; Smart city; Smartphone; Supply chain; Tax; Technology; Telecommunication; The Various; Tree planting; Twitter; Unemployment; University of California, Berkeley; University of Toronto; University of Washington; Urban ecology; Urban history; Urban planning; Urbanism; Washington University in St. Louis; Wi-Fi; Year
    Scope: 1 online resource (200 p.), 47 b/w illus
  19. Economic household model on land distribution in Zimbabwe
    Author: Njaya, Tavonga
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Scholars' Press, Saarbrücken

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783639716054; 3639716051
    Other identifier:
    9783639716054
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    Other subjects: (Produktform)Electronic book text; Gender; Econometrics; Household; women; Land; assets; economic model; land reform; resettlement land; (VLB-WN)1726: Soziologie/Frauenforschung, Geschlechterforschung
    Scope: Online-Ressource
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    Lizenzpflichtig. - Vom Verlag als Druckwerk on demand und/oder als E-Book angeboten
  20. Leaving The Gender Behind
    Mothers' migration overseas and its impact on children of Bangladesh
    Author: Hena, Aziza
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783659504839; 3659504831
    Other identifier:
    9783659504839
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    Other subjects: (Produktform)Electronic book text; children; patriarchy; Household; Gendered Socialization; International labor migration; migrant mothers; (VLB-WN)1726: Soziologie/Frauenforschung, Geschlechterforschung
    Scope: Online-Ressource
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    Lizenzpflichtig. - Vom Verlag als Druckwerk on demand und/oder als E-Book angeboten
  21. The Luxembourg household finance consumption survey
    results from the 2nd wave
    Author: Girshina, Anastasia; Mathä, Thomas; Ziegelmeyer, Michael
    Published: May 2017
    Publisher:  Banque centrale du Luxembourg, Luxembourg

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Banque centrale du Luxembourg ; no 106
    Subjects: Household; survey; editing; multiple imputation; wealth; income
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Short-Term Tax Cuts, Long-Term Stimulus
    Author: Cloyne, James; Martinez, Joseba; Mumtaz, Haroon; Surico, Paolo
    Published: July 2022
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We study the persistent effects of temporary changes in U.S. federal corporate and personal income tax rates using a narrative identification approach. A corporate income tax cut leads to a sustained increase in GDP and productivity, with peak... more

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    Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden
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    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    We study the persistent effects of temporary changes in U.S. federal corporate and personal income tax rates using a narrative identification approach. A corporate income tax cut leads to a sustained increase in GDP and productivity, with peak effects between five and eight years. R&D spending and capital investment display hump-shaped responses while hours worked and employment are much less affected. In contrast, personal income tax cuts trigger a short-lived boost to GDP, productivity and hours worked but have no long-term effects. We develop and estimate an endogenous growth model with variable factor utilization and show that these features generate a pro-cyclical response of productivity which is key to account for our empirical findings

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w30246
    Subjects: Antizyklische Finanzpolitik; Steuersenkung; Einkommensteuer; Unternehmensbesteuerung; Wirkungsanalyse; Wachstumstheorie; USA; Production; Fiscal Policy; Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies; Business Taxes and Subsidies; Household; Firm; Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Notes:

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
  23. Genetic Endowments, Income Dynamics, and Wealth Accumulation Over the Lifecycle
    Author: Barth, Daniel; Papageorge, Nicholas W.; Thom, Kevin; Velásquez-Giraldo, Mateo
    Published: August 2022
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We develop and estimate a life-cycle consumption savings model in which observed genetic variation is allowed to affect wealth accumulation through several distinct channels. We focus on genetic markers that predict educational attainment, aggregated... more

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    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    We develop and estimate a life-cycle consumption savings model in which observed genetic variation is allowed to affect wealth accumulation through several distinct channels. We focus on genetic markers that predict educational attainment, aggregated into a predictive index called a polygenic score. Based on substantial descriptive evidence, we allow variation in these endowments to affect earnings, the disutility of labor, stock market participation costs, and idiosyncratic rates of return on risky investments. The model also incorporates endogenous retirement and a realistic social security system. Parameter estimates suggest that, in addition to earnings, genetic differences are significantly associated with risky asset returns, both of which contribute to wealth inequality. Counterfactual policy exercises indicate that two ways to lower costs of an aging population (extending the age of retirement or cutting social security benefits) have similar magnitudes and distributions of welfare costs even though the latter policy appears to reduce wealth differences between agents with different genetic endowments. This illustrates the importance of welfare calculations when evaluating how genes interact with policy, which is possible to do if we incorporate genetic data into structural models

     
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  24. Investing in Infants
    The Lasting Effects of Cash Transfers to New Families
    Author: Barr, Andrew C.; Eggleston, Jonathan; Smith, Alexander A.
    Published: August 2022
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We provide new evidence that cash transfers following the birth of a first child can have large and long-lasting effects on that child's outcomes. We take advantage of the January 1 birthdate cutoff for U.S. child-related tax benefits, which results... more

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    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    We provide new evidence that cash transfers following the birth of a first child can have large and long-lasting effects on that child's outcomes. We take advantage of the January 1 birthdate cutoff for U.S. child-related tax benefits, which results in families of otherwise similar children receiving substantially different refunds during the first year of life. For the average low-income single-child family in our sample this difference amounts to roughly $1,300, or 10 percent of income. Using the universe of administrative federal tax data in selected years, we show that this transfer in infancy increases young adult earnings by at least 1 to 2 percent, with larger effects for males. These effects show up at earlier ages in terms of improved math and reading test scores and a higher likelihood of high school graduation. The observed effects on shorter-run parental outcomes suggest that additional liquidity during the critical window following the birth of a first child leads to persistent increases in family income that likely contribute to the downstream effects on children's outcomes. The longer-term effects on child earnings alone are large enough that the transfer pays for itself through subsequent increases in federal income tax revenue

     
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  25. Unconditional Cash and Family Investments in Infants
    Evidence from a Large-Scale Cash Transfer Experiment in the U.S
    Author: Gennetian, Lisa A.; Duncan, Greg J.; Fox, Nathan A.; Magnuson, Katherine A.; Halpern-Meekin, Sarah; Noble, Kimberly G.; Yoshikawa, Hirokazu
    Published: August 2022
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    A key policy question in evaluating social programs to address childhood poverty is how families receiving unconditional financial support would spend those funds. Economists have limited empirical evidence on this topic in the U.S. We provide causal... more

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    Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden
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    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    A key policy question in evaluating social programs to address childhood poverty is how families receiving unconditional financial support would spend those funds. Economists have limited empirical evidence on this topic in the U.S. We provide causal estimates of financial and time investments in infants among families living in poverty from a large-scale, multi-site randomized controlled study of monthly unconditional cash transfers starting at the time of a child's birth. We find that the cash transfers increased spending on child-specific goods and mothers' early-learning activities with their infants. The marginal propensity to consume child-focused items from the cash transfer exceeded that from other income, consistent with the behavioral cues in the cash transfer design. We find no statistically detectable offsets in household earnings nor statistically detectable impacts in other pre-registered outcomes related to general household expenditures, maternal labor supply, infants' time in childcare, or mothers' subjective well-being

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w30379
    Subjects: Öffentliche Sozialleistungen; Bargeld; Wirkungsanalyse; Kinderarmut; USA; Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation; Household; General; Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth; Public Policy; Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Notes:

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers