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In this book, Jeremy Munday presents advances towards a general theory of evaluation in translator decision-making that will be of high importance to translator and interpreter training and to descriptive translation analysis. By 'evaluation' the author refers to how a translator's subjective stance manifests itself linguistically in a text. In a world where translation and interpreting function as a prism through which opposing personal and political views enter a target culture, it is crucial to investigate how such views are processed and sometimes subjectively altered by the translator. To this end, the book focuses on the translation process (rather than the product) and strives to identify more precisely those points where the translator is most likely to express judgment or evaluation. The translations studied cover a range of languages (Arabic, Chinese, Dutch, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Russian, Spanish and American Sign Language) accompanied by English glosses to facilitate comprehension by readers. This is key reading for researchers and postgraduates studying translation theory within Translation and Interpreting Studies. Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- CONTENTS -- LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- 1 EVALUATION AND TRANSLATION -- 1.0 Introduction -- 1.1 Ideology and axiology -- 1.2 Systemic functional linguistics and the value orientation of language -- 1.2.1 Ideology and axiology in translation -- 1.3 Appraisal theory and the concept of evaluation -- 1.3.1 The system of appraisal -- 1.3.1.1 Direct, or 'inscribed', attitude -- 1.3.1.2 Indirect, or invoked, attitude -- 1.3.1.3 Evoked attitude -- 1.3.1.4 Provoked attitude -- 1.3.2 Studies of attitude in translation -- 1.3.3 Graduation and engagement -- 1.4 Evaluation as an integrated complex -- 1.5 Evaluation, textual voice and evidentiality -- 1.6 Evaluation and reading positions -- 1.7 Evaluation and 'critical points' in translator and interpreter decision-making -- 2 The interpretation of political speech -- 2.0 Introduction -- 2.1 The broadcast context -- 2.2 The expression of appraisal -- 2.2.1 Affect -- 2.2.2 Judgement -- 2.2.3 Appreciation -- 2.2.4 Provoked evaluation - lexical metaphors -- 2.2.5 Indirect evaluation and the question of translation -- 2.2.6 Graduation -- 2.2.7 Counter-expectancy indicators -- 2.2.8 Engagement -- 2.3 Deictic positioning -- 2.3.1 Translation of pronouns -- 2.3.2 Spatio-temporal deixis and identity -- 2.3.3 Reading position and voice of the interpreter -- 2.4 Conclusion -- Appendix 2.1 Transcript of Obama inaugural speech, 20 January 2009 -- 3 THE VIEW FROM THE TECHNICAL TRANSLATORS -- 3.0 Introduction -- 3.1 The perception of the professionals -- 3.1.1 Text-type and explicitation -- 3.1.2 The Chinese context -- 3.2 KudoZ™ -- 3.3 SENSE -- 3.4 Conclusion -- 4 THE LITERARY TRANSLATOR AND REVISER -- 4.0 Introduction -- 4.1 Revisions of a classical text - Agricola and Germania -- 4.1.1 The manuscript revised.
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