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Displaying results 1 to 12 of 12.

  1. The gender gap in pension saving
    Author: Cribb, Jonathan; Karjalainen, Heidi; O'Brien, Laurence
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    In this report, we document differences in pension incomes and pension saving between men and women in the UK, and analyse the drivers behind these differences. In particular, we examine two different 'gender pension gaps'. First is the gap in... more

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    In this report, we document differences in pension incomes and pension saving between men and women in the UK, and analyse the drivers behind these differences. In particular, we examine two different 'gender pension gaps'. First is the gap in average private and state pension incomes between men and women who are already over state pension age. Second is the gap in average pension saving between working-age men and women, with a focus on how this is affected by differences in labour market experiences, and how the gaps differ for private sector employees, public sector employees and the self-employed.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Payne, Judith (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801031271
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/282927
    Series: IFS report ; R250
    Subjects: Savings, pensions and wealth; Ageing; Gender; Inequality; Private pensions; Retirement; Savings; State pensions
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. The cost of living crisis
    a pre-Budget briefing
    Author: Cribb, Jonathan; Joyce, Robert; Karjalainen, Heidi; Ray-Chaudhuri, Sam; Waters, Tom; Wernham, Thomas; Xu, Xiaowei
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    The recent surge in inflation, driven by spectacular increases in energy prices, has driven sharp falls in household living standards, huge government intervention to try to mitigate it, and serious policy headaches. As such it continues to be the... more

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    The recent surge in inflation, driven by spectacular increases in energy prices, has driven sharp falls in household living standards, huge government intervention to try to mitigate it, and serious policy headaches. As such it continues to be the backdrop behind many of the most pressing issues that will face Chancellor Hunt when he delivers his first Budget on 15 March. This short report analyses the latest outlook for inflation, how this varies across households and is impacted by the government's interventions on consumer energy prices, and the resulting effects on real earnings and benefit levels.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Payne, Judith (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801031264
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/282932
    Series: IFS report ; R245
    Subjects: Consumption and prices; Poverty, inequality and social mobility; Spring Budget 2023; Inflation; Inequality; Pay
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. The triple lock
    uncertainty for pension incomes and the public finances
    Author: Cribb, Jonathan; Emmerson, Carl; Karjalainen, Heidi
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    The reason why both earnings growth and inflation matter for the state pension is the pensions 'triple lock'. In place since 2011 (except for a one-year temporary suspension in 2022), under the triple lock the state pension rises in line with the... more

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    The reason why both earnings growth and inflation matter for the state pension is the pensions 'triple lock'. In place since 2011 (except for a one-year temporary suspension in 2022), under the triple lock the state pension rises in line with the highest of CPI inflation, average earnings growth or 2.5%. In this report, we first discuss how the triple lock has led to an increased level of the state pension, thereby increasing state financial support to pensioners at an increased cost to the government, over the last 13 years. We then present new analysis showing how the peculiar nature of the policy creates uncertainty around the level of the state pension for both current and future generations of pensioners. We also provide a concluding discussion.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Payne, Judith (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801031479
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/282952
    Series: IFS report ; R272
    Subjects: Government finances and spending; Savings, pensions and wealth; The pensions review; Distributional effects; Government spending; Pensioner benefits; Public finance; Retirement; State pensions
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 14 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. The future of the state pension
    Author: Cribb, Jonathan; Emmerson, Carl; Johnson, Paul; Karjalainen, Heidi
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801031585
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/282968
    Series: The pensions review
    IFS report ; R291
    Subjects: Savings, pensions and wealth; The pensions review; State pensions; Pensioner benefits; Retirement; Public finance; Ageing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 100 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. How does spending change through retirement?
    Author: Crawford, Rowena; Karjalainen, Heidi; Sturrock, David
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    Fuelled by changes to UK pensions policy over the last decade, most notably automatic enrolment into workplace pensions, an increasing number of people save for their retirement in defined contribution pension pots. Due to the end of compulsory... more

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    Fuelled by changes to UK pensions policy over the last decade, most notably automatic enrolment into workplace pensions, an increasing number of people save for their retirement in defined contribution pension pots. Due to the end of compulsory annuitisation in 2015, known as 'Pension Freedoms', those saving in this way have a great deal of flexibility over the pace at which to withdraw income from their accumulated pension pot and how to vary this through their retirement. These changes have led to concerns around what the appropriate withdrawal rate of pension pots should be for retirees. Desired profiles of spending in retirement are a key ingredient in how fast funds should be withdrawn. Whether people prefer a constant, increasing or decreasing profile of spending through their retirement will affect the kind of income profile they should aim for. In this report, we shed light on this question by examining the spending patterns of current retirees in the UK using data from the Living Costs and Food Survey, from 2006 to 2018, which allows us to get a detailed picture of retired households' spending patterns. We consider how spending changes with age and how it relates to levels of income and saving among retirees. We also document how spending on different categories of goods and services changes with age. Finally, we consider how spending patterns differ between different types of household.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Payne, Judith (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801030724
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/264466
    Series: IFS report ; R209
    Subjects: Privater Konsum; Rentner; Altersgruppe; Altersvorsorge; Großbritannien
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 67 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Retirement saving of the self-employed
    Author: Crawford, Rowena; Karjalainen, Heidi
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    The proportion of self-employed workers contributing to a private pension has been steadily declining since the 1990s. This is in contrast to private-sector employees, for whom the rate of pension participation has dramatically increased as a result... more

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    The proportion of self-employed workers contributing to a private pension has been steadily declining since the 1990s. This is in contrast to private-sector employees, for whom the rate of pension participation has dramatically increased as a result of automatic enrolment. Furthermore, even before the introduction of automatic enrolment, the rate of decline in pension participation was faster among the self-employed than private-sector employees. In this report, we seek to explain this decline in pension saving amongst the self-employed. We examine the extent to which the decline has been driven by the changing characteristics of the self-employed population. We then explore changing attitudes towards pension saving, and changes in other forms of saving that might represent alternative ways of saving for retirement (and therefore provide an explanation for the patterns in pension saving).

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Lumpkin, Rachel (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801030076
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/235067
    Series: IFS report ; R181
    Subjects: Selbstständige; Rentenfinanzierung
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Changing patterns of work at older ages
    Author: Crawford, Rowena; Cribb, Jonathan; Karjalainen, Heidi; O'Brien, Laurence
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    Longer working lives offer many benefits, but achieving these can pose challenges for individuals, employers and policymakers. In order to support people in their 50s and 60sto remain in paid work for longer, it is imperative that we have a good... more

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    Longer working lives offer many benefits, but achieving these can pose challenges for individuals, employers and policymakers. In order to support people in their 50s and 60sto remain in paid work for longer, it is imperative that we have a good picture of what paid work looks like at older ages, and how that might evolve in future. The desired working patterns of older workers-in terms of their hours of work, the form of their employment or the tasks they undertake at work -may be quite different from those of middle-aged or younger adults. An ageing population and higher employment rates for people in their 50s and 60s mean that patterns of work of older workers are an increasingly important issue for the country as a whole. Indeed, in 2019, around 10millionor 61% of 50-to 69-year-olds were in paid work, meaning that this age group comprises almost a third (31%) of the workforce in the UK, up from just 21%in 1992. In this report, we provide fresh evidence on the nature of paid work at older ages, how employment patterns differ for people in different circumstances and how the situation is changing over time. In particular, we examine in depth the transitions that older workersmake, both intoand out of work and between different types of employment in the run-up to retirement.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Payne, Judith (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801030458
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/264453
    Series: IFS report ; R192
    Subjects: Ältere Arbeitskräfte; Altersgrenze; Arbeitsuche; Teilzeitarbeit; Berufswechsel; Selbstständige; Großbritannien
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 85 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Challenges for the UK pension system
    the case for a pensions review
    Author: Cribb, Jonathan; Emmerson, Carl; Johnson, Paul; Karjalainen, Heidi; O'Brien, Laurence
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    This report makes the case for a new review of the pension system in the UK. There are a number of key challenges facing future generations of pensioners that threaten their living standards in retirement and which, without policy action, mean many... more

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    This report makes the case for a new review of the pension system in the UK. There are a number of key challenges facing future generations of pensioners that threaten their living standards in retirement and which, without policy action, mean many are likely to face substantial financial difficulties in older age. This is the first report of a multi-year project that will produce the highest-quality evidence regarding the future of financial security in retirement. The launch of our final report, which will include specific policy recommendations and options, is planned for early Summer 2025.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Payne, Judith (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801031325
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/282934
    Series: The pensions review
    IFS report ; R255
    Subjects: Employment and income; Savings, pensions and wealth; Taxes and benefits; The pensions review; Ageing; Benefits; Employment; Government spending; Housing; Inequality; Labour supply and workforce; Living standards; Pensioner benefits; Poverty; Private pensions; Public finance; Retirement; Savings
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Understanding pension saving among the self-employed
    Author: Cribb, Jonathan; Karjalainen, Heidi
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    Private pension saving among the self-employed population in the UK has been falling dramatically over the last few decades, and this has led to a heightened policy focus on how to boost pension saving among this group. In this report we analyse... more

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    Private pension saving among the self-employed population in the UK has been falling dramatically over the last few decades, and this has led to a heightened policy focus on how to boost pension saving among this group. In this report we analyse patterns of private pension saving among the self-employed using administrative tax data. We focus on a specific group of the self-employed - those who are working-age (age 22-64), long-term self-employed (self-employed for at least five consecutive years) and have no income from a job as an employee.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Leigh, Richard (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801031233
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/282928
    Series: IFS report ; R248
    Subjects: Employment and income; Savings, pensions and wealth; Ageing; Private pensions; Retirement; Employment; Savings; Tax
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 65 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Trends in pension saving among the long-term self-employed
    Author: Karjalainen, Heidi
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    The number of self-employed workers has been rising rapidly in the UK in recent decades. At the same time, private pension participation among this group has fallen sharply, leading to increasing concern among policymakers about the preparedness for... more

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    The number of self-employed workers has been rising rapidly in the UK in recent decades. At the same time, private pension participation among this group has fallen sharply, leading to increasing concern among policymakers about the preparedness for retirement of self-employed workers. This report documents and analyses private pension saving using administrative data that follows the UK self-employed population over the decade from 2005-06 to 2014-15. We focus on a particular subset of the self-employed population, namely the working-age long-term self-employed (defined as those aged 22-64 who have been self-employed with no employment income for at least 5 years). We use a data set of Self Assessment tax returns, which self-employed workers have to submit each year to HM Revenue and Customs. We first document how the characteristics of the working-age long-term self-employed have changed over this period. We then focus on trends in pension participation and contribution amounts for this group of workers.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Leigh, Richard (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801031240
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/282929
    Series: IFS report ; R249
    Subjects: Employment and income; Savings, pensions and wealth; Ageing; Private pensions; Retirement; Savings; Employment; Tax
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Living standards of working-age disability benefits recipients in the UK
    Author: Cribb, Jonathan; Karjalainen, Heidi; Waters, Tom
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, [London]

    We examine the living standards and health of working-age disabled people and disability benefits recipients over time in the UK. The UK’s disability benefits system (which is non-means-tested and in which receipt is unrelated to work status) has... more

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    We examine the living standards and health of working-age disabled people and disability benefits recipients over time in the UK. The UK’s disability benefits system (which is non-means-tested and in which receipt is unrelated to work status) has gone through a significant transformation since 2013 with the gradual replacement of the disability living allowance (DLA) with the personal independence payment (PIP). We establish four key facts. First, 6% of working-age individuals are now on disability benefits, up from 2% in 1992–93. This rise has been driven by claims for mental health and other psychiatric conditions, which are now the main disabling condition for 44% of claimants (27% back in 2002–03). Second, almost half of those in the most materially deprived tenth of the population are disabled, but most of that group do not receive disability benefits. Third, over the period that DLA has been replaced by PIP, a larger fraction of those with the poorest health have started to receive disability benefits, suggesting that the targeting of the benefits has improved on this margin. Fourth, simple event studies examining employment in the years around the reduction of disability benefits (following a government health reassessment) find no change before but a sharp (4 percentage point) rise immediately after loss of benefits, which grows to 10ppts four years after. This is not enough to offset the loss in income on average, and income poverty rises 10ppts in the year following the reduction. Nonetheless, we find limited evidence of claimants’ own assessment of their financial situation changing, suggesting that the benefits are removed at a time when they are less needed.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/267955
    Series: Working paper / lnstitute for Fiscal Studies ; 22, 24
    Subjects: disability; benefits; welfare; living standards; material deprivation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. How important are defined contribution pensions for financing retirement?
    Author: Cribb, Jonathan; Karjalainen, Heidi
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781801031370
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/282941
    Series: IFS report ; R261
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen