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  1. Is self-employment for migrants?
    evidence from Italy
    Erschienen: July 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Using a unique Italian dataset covering the period 2004-2020, we assess the immigrant-native gap in entrepreneurship and investigate channels behind it. The data allows us to account for many observable characteristics as well as for risk aversion,... mehr

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    Using a unique Italian dataset covering the period 2004-2020, we assess the immigrant-native gap in entrepreneurship and investigate channels behind it. The data allows us to account for many observable characteristics as well as for risk aversion, which is usually not observed, yet crucial for the self-employment decision. Unlike most of the existing empirical literature, we find that immigrants in Italy are less likely to be self-employed. The negative gap is confirmed when propensity score matching methodology is used. Heterogeneity analysis suggests that the negative gap is larger for men, for economic migrants and those coming from Sub-Saharan Africa, while it is not significant for mixed immigrant-native couples, for highly skilled, and for migrants from Asia and Oceania. The largest gap is found for those working in the agricultural sector. Regarding additional channels, we explore the role of access to credit, including the informal one, and whether migrants are credit constrained, as well as the importance of migrant networks, easiness of doing business, and expenditures on services for migrants. Despite finding significant correlations between self-employment and some of these factors, none of them seem to decrease the magnitude of the negative gap.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    hdl: 10419/279012
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16314
    Schlagworte: immigrants; self-employment; gender; intermarriage; propensity score matching
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. In and out of privileged and disadvantaged neighborhoods in Sweden
    on the importance of country of birth
    Erschienen: March 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Moves into and out of privileged neighborhoods as well as moves into and out of disadvantaged neighborhoods in metropolitan Sweden are studied using register data on all moves by adults that took place between 2004 and 2006. Based on estimated... mehr

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    Moves into and out of privileged neighborhoods as well as moves into and out of disadvantaged neighborhoods in metropolitan Sweden are studied using register data on all moves by adults that took place between 2004 and 2006. Based on estimated multivariate models, we find that, for all four types of moves, age, education, household income, household composition and its changes, as well as labor market status and its changes, matter. However, in addition, where the person was born can matter, as, with some exceptions, foreign-born people are less likely than natives with the same characteristics to move into a privileged neighborhood. Furthermore, foreign-born are typically less likely than natives with the same characteristics to move out of the metropolitan regions. However, considerable heterogeneity in probabilities to move between those born in different categories of countries is found. Adults born in high-income countries are, in many cases, moving similarly to natives with the same characteristics, while this is typically not found among people born in low-income countries. The latter might be due to fewer assets, lesser social capital, discrimination in the housing market or in housing finance, or by choice.

     

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    hdl: 10419/272671
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16044
    Schlagworte: residental mobility; neighbourhoods; immigrants; Sweden
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Age at immigration and the intergenerational income mobility of the 1.5 generation
    Erschienen: May 2023
    Verlag:  Groupe de recherche sur le capital humain, ESG, UQÀM, [Montréal]

    In this paper, we exploit intergenerationally-linked tax files and Census data to first document the intergenerational income transmission between individuals who immigrated to Canada as children-the 1.5 generation-and their parents. We find that the... mehr

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    In this paper, we exploit intergenerationally-linked tax files and Census data to first document the intergenerational income transmission between individuals who immigrated to Canada as children-the 1.5 generation-and their parents. We find that the correlation between parental income rank and child income rank becomes stronger the older the child is at arrival. We then try to get at the causal effect of the age at immigration by estimating a model in which child rank is explained by interactions between age at arrival and the average predicted rank of second-generation immigrants from the same region of origin, living in the same region in Canada, from the same birth cohort, given their parental income. The model gives us the rate at which children from the 1.5 generation catch up to second-generation immigrants. We find that up to age 10, the relation between age at immigration and income is flat, but starting at age 11, each year is associated with 3.3 fewer percentile ranks.

     

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    hdl: 10419/299312
    Schriftenreihe: Research Group on Human Capital working paper series ; no. 23, 03
    Schlagworte: intergenerational income mobility; immigrants; 1.5 generation; age at immigration; Canada
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Over-education and immigrant earnings: a penalized quantile panel regression analysis
    Erschienen: January 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Despite evidence that immigrants experience a higher incidence of over-education, relatively few studies have considered the labour market outcomes of over-education for immigrants. Using longitudinal data and penalized quantile panel regression, we... mehr

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    Despite evidence that immigrants experience a higher incidence of over-education, relatively few studies have considered the labour market outcomes of over-education for immigrants. Using longitudinal data and penalized quantile panel regression, we inspect the earnings effects of job mismatches for immigrants in Australia. This first application of the method to this question addresses both individual and distributional heterogeneity. Results confirm divergent effects across the earnings distribution. Immigrants from non-English speaking countries experience lower earnings returns and a substantial earnings penalty of up to 25 percent from educational mismatched employment. However, in contrast to conventional findings of a penalty based on regression at the mean, at the highest earnings quantile, both Australian-born and immigrants from non-English speaking countries with a host country qualification receive earnings premiums of 2.7 and 11 percent, respectively, from years of over-education. We discuss the policy implications of this new result.

     

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    hdl: 10419/232840
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14088
    Schlagworte: penalized panel quantile regression; over-education; immigrants; overseas qualifications; language proficiency
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Does over-education raise productivity and wages equally?
    the moderating role of workers' origin and immigrants' background
    Erschienen: February 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We provide first evidence of the impact of over-education, among natives and immigrants, on firm-level productivity and wages. We use Belgian linked panel data and rely on the methodology from Hellerstein et al. (1999) to estimate ORU (over-,... mehr

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    We provide first evidence of the impact of over-education, among natives and immigrants, on firm-level productivity and wages. We use Belgian linked panel data and rely on the methodology from Hellerstein et al. (1999) to estimate ORU (over-, required, and under-education) equations aggregated at the firm level. Our results show that the over-education wage premium is higher for natives than for immigrants. However, since the differential in productivity gains associated with over-education between natives and immigrants outweighs the corresponding wage premium differential, we conclude - based on OLS and dynamic GMM-SYS estimates - that over-educated native workers are in fact underpaid to a greater extent than their over-educated immigrant counterparts. This conclusion is refined by sensitivity analyses, when testing the role of immigrants' background (e.g. region of birth, immigrant generation, age at arrival in the host country, tenure).

     

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    hdl: 10419/252198
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15074
    Schlagworte: immigrants; over-education; productivity; wages; linked panel data; Belgium
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten)
  6. How foreign- and U.S.-born Latinos fare during recessions and recoveries
    Erschienen: April 2021
    Verlag:  Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, Research Department, Dallas

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, Research Department ; 2104
    Schlagworte: Hispanics; immigrants; working class; business cycle
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Too cold to venture there?
    January temperature and immigrant self-employment across the United States
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Immigrant entrepreneurs are critical to regional and national economies. Immigrants in the USA have higher self-employment rates than natives, and immigrants have made outsized contributions as founders of numerous highly successful firms. However,... mehr

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    Immigrant entrepreneurs are critical to regional and national economies. Immigrants in the USA have higher self-employment rates than natives, and immigrants have made outsized contributions as founders of numerous highly successful firms. However, we document that immigrant self-employment rates vary considerably across areas of the USA. Our main measure is the percentage of immigrant workers in an area who are self-employed; i.e., the self- employment rate for the foreign-born. Areas with colder winter temperatures have especially low self-employment rates among their immigrant populations compared to other areas of the USA. This relationship holds for numerous sub-samples of immigrants and is not driven by any particular group. The relationship persists after controlling for numerous individual and local area characteristics. Immigrant entrepreneurs appear to be especially forward-looking and responsive to warmer January temperature as a locational amenity. The results have important implications about the location choices of immigrant entrepreneurs.

     

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    hdl: 10419/250602
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14941
    Schlagworte: self-employment; entrepreneurship; immigrants; amenities; temperature
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Testing for ethnic discrimination in outpatient health care
    evidence from a field experiment in Germany
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  Vienna University of Economics and Business, Wien

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    Schriftenreihe: Department of Economics working paper / Vienna University of Economics and Business ; no. 319
    Schlagworte: Discrimination; immigrants; ethnicity; health care markets; health insurance; inequality; correspondence experiment; field experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Comparing the immigrant-native pay gap: a novel evidence from home and host countries
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  EERI, Economics and Econometrics Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium

    We estimate wage differentials and compare inequality trends between foreign-born and native-born workers across developed economies and developing economies. We leverage large internationally harmonised microdata covering 21 countries, 20 years and... mehr

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    We estimate wage differentials and compare inequality trends between foreign-born and native-born workers across developed economies and developing economies. We leverage large internationally harmonised microdata covering 21 countries, 20 years and 1.5 million individuals and employ Blinder-Oaxaca counterfactual decomposition techniques. We find that vis-à-vis comparable workers born in developed countries, the workers born in developing economies are disadvantaged both in their home country labour markets and - if migrating - also in developed host countries. The estimated Blinder-Oaxaca wage differentials suggest the opposite for workers born in developed countries - their wages are higher not only in developed countries but for migrants also in developing host countries. After accounting for personal and job-related characteristics, at least 28% of the total native-to-migrant wage gap still remains unexplained. The unexplained wage gap has increased during the last decade and can be attributed to the labour market discrimination, differences in unobserved job characteristics, variation in unobserved skills, and the institutional labour market framework.

     

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    hdl: 10419/251109
    Schriftenreihe: EERI research paper series ; no 2021, 05
    Schlagworte: labour market; wage gaps; immigrants; decomposition
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Testing for ethnic discrimination in outpatient health care: evidence from a field experiment in Germany
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Linz-Auhof, Austria

    To test for ethnic discrimination in access to outpatient health care services, we carry out an email-correspondence study in Germany. We approach 3,224 physician offices in the 79 largest cities in Germany with fictitious appointment requests and... mehr

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    To test for ethnic discrimination in access to outpatient health care services, we carry out an email-correspondence study in Germany. We approach 3,224 physician offices in the 79 largest cities in Germany with fictitious appointment requests and randomized patients' characteristics. We find that patients' ethnicity, as signaled by distinct Turkish versus German names, does not affect whether they receive an appointment or wait time. In contrast, patients with private insurance are 31 percent more likely to receive an appointment. Holding a private insurance also increases the likelihood of receiving a response and reduces the wait time. This suggests that physicians use leeway to prioritize privately insured patients to enhance their earnings, but they do not discriminate persons of Turkish origin based on taste. Still, their behavior creates means-based barriers for economically disadvantaged groups.

     

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    hdl: 10419/249044
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz ; no. 2115 (November 2021)
    Schlagworte: Discrimination; immigrants; ethnicity; health care markets; health insurance; inequality; correspondence experiment; field experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. The occupations of free women and substitution with enslaved workers in the antebellum United States
    Erschienen: March 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper analyzes the occupational status and distribution of free women in the antebellum United States. It considers both their reported and unreported (imputed) occupations, using the 1/100 IPUMS files from the 1860 Census of Population. After... mehr

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    This paper analyzes the occupational status and distribution of free women in the antebellum United States. It considers both their reported and unreported (imputed) occupations, using the 1/100 IPUMS files from the 1860 Census of Population. After developing and testing the model based on economic and demographic variables used to explain whether a free woman has an occupation, analyses are conducted comparing their occupational distribution to free men, along with analyses among women by nativity, urbanization, and region of the country. While foreign-born and illiterate women were more likely to report having an occupation compared to their native-born and literate counterparts, they were equally likely to be working when unreported family workers are included. In the analysis limited to the slave-holding states, it is shown that the greater the slave-intensity of the county, the less likely were free women to report having an occupation, particularly as private household workers, suggesting substitution in the labor market between free women and enslaved labor.

     

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    hdl: 10419/263378
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15162
    Schlagworte: women; labor force participation; occupational distribution; unreported family workers; enslaved workers; immigrants; 1860 census of population
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 75 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Medien, Migration, Identität : Migranten und ihre Mediennutzung ; drei Projektberichte aus der Urbanregion Stuttgart
  13. A probabilistic forecast of the immigrant population of Norway
    Autor*in: Keilman, Nico
    Erschienen: January 2023
    Verlag:  Statistics Norway, Research Department, Oslo

    We present a probabilistic forecast for the immigrant population of Norway and their Norwegian-born children ("second generation") broken down by age, sex, and three types of country background: 1. West European countries plus the United States,... mehr

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    We present a probabilistic forecast for the immigrant population of Norway and their Norwegian-born children ("second generation") broken down by age, sex, and three types of country background: 1. West European countries plus the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand; 2. East European countries that are members of the European Union; 3. other countries. First, we compute a probabilistic forecast of the population of Norway by age and sex, but irrespective of migration background. The future development of the population is simulated 3 000 times by stochastically varying parameters for mortality, fertility and international migration to 2060. We add migrant group detail using stochastically varying random shares to split up each result from the previous step into six sub-groups with immigration background, and one for the non-immigrants. The probabilistic forecast is calibrated against the Medium Variant of Statistics Norway's official population projection.

     

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    hdl: 10419/298302
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Statistics Norway, Research Department ; 996
    Schlagworte: stochastic forecast; immigrants; second generation; random share method
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Language proficiency and homeownership
    evidence from U.S. immigrants
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Freie Universität Berlin, [Berlin]

    In this paper we deliver first causal evidence on the relationship between immigrant host country language proficiency and homeownership. Using an instrumental variable strategy, we find a substantial positive impact of language skills on the... mehr

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    In this paper we deliver first causal evidence on the relationship between immigrant host country language proficiency and homeownership. Using an instrumental variable strategy, we find a substantial positive impact of language skills on the propensity to own a home and the quality of housing. While this effect is mediated by education and household income, our estimates also speak in favor of a direct effect. Our results highlight the importance of host-country-specific human capital and, in particular, language proficiency for socio-economic assimilation.

     

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    hdl: 10419/270610
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 2023, 3
    Schlagworte: language; immigrants; assimilation; homeownership
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Joining late, leaving early?
    immigrant-native disparities in labor market exit
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  IFAU, Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy, Uppsala

    Theory and empirical findings on retirement determinants suggest that we may expect differences in labor market exit between native and foreign-born workers. Despite many countries seeing rising immigrant shares in their aging populations, alongside... mehr

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    Theory and empirical findings on retirement determinants suggest that we may expect differences in labor market exit between native and foreign-born workers. Despite many countries seeing rising immigrant shares in their aging populations, alongside significant labor market disparities, the issue has so far received limited attention. Population-wide administrative data for Sweden show that the hazard rate to retirement is greater among immigrants already from age 50. But approaching age 65, especially marginal migrant groups have a stronger tendency to remain in the labor force and thus not adhering to the norm of retiring at a specific age. Education and family situation explain little of the retirement gaps, whereas labor market history, health, and occupational allocations are important determinants. Immigrant-native retirement differences are greater among men than among women. Overall findings suggest economic necessity and/or opportunity rather than varying preferences as drivers of differentials.

     

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    hdl: 10419/296969
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy ; 2023, 15
    Schlagworte: labor market exit; immigrants; retirement hazard
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Exposure to the one-child policy and fertility among Chinese immigrants to the US
    Erschienen: July 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We examine whether women exposed to China's one-child policy (OCP) change their fertility decisions when they migrate to a country without fertility restrictions. Using American Community Survey data (2010-2020), we compare the childbearing decisions... mehr

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    We examine whether women exposed to China's one-child policy (OCP) change their fertility decisions when they migrate to a country without fertility restrictions. Using American Community Survey data (2010-2020), we compare the childbearing decisions of Chinese-born women with varying degrees of exposure before migrating to the US to each other and a control group of other Asian immigrants. We find that Chinese women aged 35-45 exposed to the OCP for a longer duration have significantly fewer children than women who were not exposed to the OCP. These findings are robust to several specification checks.

     

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    hdl: 10419/279027
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16329
    Schlagworte: fertility; one-child policy; immigrants; China
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Linguistic distance, languages of work and wages of immigrants in Montreal
    Erschienen: May 2018
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa ; 1805E
    Schlagworte: Linguistic distance; language of work; immigrants; Montreal; Canada; earnings
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Gender norms and intimate partner violence
    Erschienen: October 2018
    Verlag:  GSE, Graduate School of Economics, Barcelona

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    Schriftenreihe: Barcelona GSE working paper series ; no 1061
    Schlagworte: domestic violence; gender; social norms; immigrants; epidemiological approach
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Gender norms and intimate partner violence
    Erschienen: October 2018
    Verlag:  Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Department of Economics and Business, Barcelona

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    Schriftenreihe: Economics working paper series ; no. 1620
    Schlagworte: domestic violence; gender; social norms; immigrants; epidemiological approach
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Economic immigrants in gateway cities
    factors involved in their initial location and onward migration decisions
    Autor*in: Frenette, Marc
    Erschienen: December 7, 2018
    Verlag:  Statistics Canada, [Ottawa]

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780660278407
    Weitere Identifier:
    11F0019M-No. 411
    Schriftenreihe: Analytical Studies Branch research paper series ; no. 411
    Research paper / Statistics Canada
    Schlagworte: immigrants; geographic mobility
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten)
  21. The exit and survival patterns of immigrant entrepreneurs
    the case of private incorporated companies
    Erschienen: January, 19, 2018
    Verlag:  Statistics Canada, [Ottawa]

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    ISBN: 9780660241661
    Weitere Identifier:
    11F0019M-No. 401
    Schriftenreihe: Analytical Studies Branch research paper series ; no. 401
    Research paper / Statistics Canada
    Schlagworte: immigrants; business ownership; entrepreneurship; firm survival
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Enquête Trajectoires et Origines 2
    de la conception à la réalisation
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  [Insee, Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques], [Montrouge]

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    Sprache: Französisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Documents de travail / Insee ; no. 2022, 02 (juillet 2022)
    Schlagworte: demographic and social survey; immigrants; data collection protocol; sampling; indirect sampling; complex sample design; non-response adjustment; generalized weight share method; multiple links; weighted links; marginal calibration
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 111 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Confronting xenophobia in South Africa and the concept of foreigner in Deuteronomy as an act of ‘othering’
    Erschienen: 2022

    This article explored the theme of xenophobia and ‘othering’ (violently targeting African immigrants in particular) as a complex and highly relevant theme in South Africa in order to move towards addressing it for the sake of unity in Africa. This... mehr

     

    This article explored the theme of xenophobia and ‘othering’ (violently targeting African immigrants in particular) as a complex and highly relevant theme in South Africa in order to move towards addressing it for the sake of unity in Africa. This research article has adopted a sociological lens that critically examines the issue of xenophobia within a 21st-century South African context. It then considers Deuteronomy and its context from a literary approach to understand how the book deals with ethnic exclusion, also known as xenophobia. South Africa, because of its history, has seen xenophobic sentiments manifest themselves in a particularly violent manner in its short democratic history. Xenophobic violence is seen as an ever-present fibre built into the make-up of South African culture, which is always ready to spill over and negatively impact society. Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article critically engages the topic of xenophobia and frames it around the theme of other and/or othering others. It then evaluates how the book of Deuteronomy and how the 21st-century African, particularly South African, have misappropriated the issue of immigrants. An African hermeneutic has been implored to explore all this.

     

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    Übergeordneter Titel: Enthalten in: Verbum et ecclesia; Pretoria : Univ., 1995; 43(2022), 1, Seite 1-8; Online-Ressource

    Schlagworte: Deuteronomy; South Africa; colonialism; immigrants; other/othering; socio-historical approach; xenophobia
  24. Firms, sorting, and the immigrant-native earnings gap
    the immigrant-native earnings gap is due in part to firm-specific factors resulting from differential sorting of workers into firms
    Autor*in: Dostie, Benoît
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), Bonn

    Recent research has tried to quantify how firms contribute to the immigrant-native earnings gap. Findings from several countries show that around 20% of the gap is due to firm policies that lead to a systematic underrepresentation of immigrants at... mehr

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    Recent research has tried to quantify how firms contribute to the immigrant-native earnings gap. Findings from several countries show that around 20% of the gap is due to firm policies that lead to a systematic underrepresentation of immigrants at higher-paying firms. Results also show that some of the closing of the gap over time is attributable to the reallocation of immigrants toward higher-paying employers. This pattern is especially pronounced for immigrants coming from disadvantaged countries, who face several barriers at initial entry, including language difficulties and lack of recognition of their educational credentials.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/260722
    Schriftenreihe: IZA world of labor ; 2022, 488
    Schlagworte: immigrants; earnings; workers; firms; sorting; human capital
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 10 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. Refugee children's earnings in adulthood
    refugee status and country of origin shape the economic outcomes of newcomer children later in life
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), Bonn

    The number of refugees has increased worldwide, and about half of them are children and youth. These refugee children arrive in resettlement countries with a unique set of challenges caused by, for instance, extreme stress and trauma that call for... mehr

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    The number of refugees has increased worldwide, and about half of them are children and youth. These refugee children arrive in resettlement countries with a unique set of challenges caused by, for instance, extreme stress and trauma that call for specific policies to address their needs. Yet, the long-term effect of refugee status on newcomer children's economic trajectories varies by country of origin, signaling the need for effective resettlement support and initiatives to tackle broader systemic barriers for newcomer children, beyond refugees. Such findings challenge the commonly held notion of refugees as a distinctive, relatively homogeneous group with similar trajectories.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/260724
    Schriftenreihe: IZA world of labor ; 2022, 490
    Schlagworte: refugees; immigrants; children; earning trajectories; race; ethnicity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 10 Seiten), Illustrationen